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Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department

This document summarizes an experiment on series RC and RL circuits. Measurements were taken of the current and voltages in a lamp and capacitor in an RC circuit, and in a lamp and inductor in an RL circuit. The impedances and reactances of the passive elements were calculated and compared to theoretical values. The percentage difference was larger for the inductive reactance compared to the capacitive reactance, likely due to the assumed frequency of 60Hz not being exact. Phasor diagrams were used to visualize the relationship between voltage and current for the resistor, capacitor, and inductor.

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Gennie Brul
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45 views5 pages

Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department

This document summarizes an experiment on series RC and RL circuits. Measurements were taken of the current and voltages in a lamp and capacitor in an RC circuit, and in a lamp and inductor in an RL circuit. The impedances and reactances of the passive elements were calculated and compared to theoretical values. The percentage difference was larger for the inductive reactance compared to the capacitive reactance, likely due to the assumed frequency of 60Hz not being exact. Phasor diagrams were used to visualize the relationship between voltage and current for the resistor, capacitor, and inductor.

Uploaded by

Gennie Brul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Faculty of Engineering

Electrical Engineering Department


Course Code: EE306BL
Course Title: Circuit Analysis II (LAB)
Section: 3ECE-E
Group No: 3
Group Members:
Bolena, Michael Yvan R.
Brul, Gennie Mari P.
Cablar, Alsace Nicole R.
Calma, Renz Patrick G.
Experiment No. 4
Series RC and RL Circuits
I.

Introduction
A phasor is a complex number representing the amplitude, frequency
and phase of a sinusoid. Phasor diagrams are used to visualize the complex
constants and variables of a phasor. It shows the relationship of two or more
sine waves whose frequencies are equal.
In this experiment, phasor diagrams will be used to see the
relationship between the voltage and current of the resistor and
inductor/capacitor.

II.

Data and Results

Resistance of the Lamp:

V Lamp =228.1V
I Lamp=0.215 A
R Lamp=1060.9302

RC Circuit:

I =0.21 A
e Lamp =221.4 V
e C =57.48 V

e T =226.8 V
C=9.72 F

|ZC|=1080
|X C|=273.7143
Z C =1095.6698<14.4665
X C =272.8994
%difference of Z C =1.4405
%difference of X C =0.2982

RL Circuit:

R L=36.6
I =0.2 A

e R =200.4 V
e L =83.9 V
e T =226.8 V
L=0.759 H
Z L=1134
Z L=1134.2163<14.6123

X L=286.1363
difference of Z L=0.091
Z XL =419.5
X L=417.9003
difference of X L=37.43

III.

Computations

Resistance of the lamp:

R Lamp=

V LAMP
=1060.9302
I LAMP

RC Circuit:

|ZC|=

eT 226.8 V
=
=1080
I
0.21 A

|X C|=

eC 57.48 V
=
=273.7143
I
0.21 A

Z C =R Lamp j X C =1060.9302 j 273.7143=1095.6698<14.4665


XC=

1
1
=
=272.8994
2 fC 2 ( 60 Hz ) ( 9.72 F )

| | |

%difference of Z C =

Z1 Z 2
10801095.6698
X 100 =
X 100 =1.4405
Z1 Z2
1080+1095.6698
2
2

| | |

%difference of X C =

X 1X 2
273.7143272.8994
X 100 =
X 100 =0.2982
X 1+ X 2
273.7143+272.8994
2
2

RL Circuit:

Z L=

e T 226.8
=
=1134
I
0.2

Z L=R Lamp + R L + j X L =1060.9302+36.6+ j 286.1363=1134.2163<14.6123


X L=2 fL=2 ( 60 Hz ) ( 0.759 H ) =286.1363

difference of Z L=

Z XL =

11341134.2163
X 100 =0.091
1134+ 1134.2163
2

e L 83.9
=
=419.5
I
0.2

X L= ( Z XL ) ( R L ) = 419.5236.62=417.9003

difference of X L=

IV.

417.9003286.1363
X 100 =37.43
417.9003+286.1363
2

Analysis of Results
After measuring the current, voltage in the lamp, and voltage for the
capacitor (for RC Circuit), and the inductor (for the RL Circuit), we then got
the values of the measured and theoretical impedances and reactances of
the passive elements. We could see that
because it is capacitive and

ZC

ZL

has a positive phase angle

has a negative phase angle since it is

inductive. Also, we have obtained larger percent differences for the inductive
reactance compared to the capacitive reactance.
V.

Conclusion

After the experiment, we have learned that the percentage difference


of the measured and theoretical values of the inductive reactance is much
larger than that of the capacitive reactance because the frequency assumed
was 60 Hertz, which was not an exact value. We have also learned that when
computing for the impedance,
reactance,

XC

and

+j

is always added before the capacitive

for the inductive reactance,

XL .

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