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OSI Model

The document describes the 7 layers of the OSI model from the application layer down to the physical layer. It provides details on the responsibilities of each layer, including that the application layer provides services to users, the presentation layer handles translation and encryption, the session layer controls dialog and synchronization, and the physical layer moves individual bits between nodes.

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anilperfect
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25 views

OSI Model

The document describes the 7 layers of the OSI model from the application layer down to the physical layer. It provides details on the responsibilities of each layer, including that the application layer provides services to users, the presentation layer handles translation and encryption, the session layer controls dialog and synchronization, and the physical layer moves individual bits between nodes.

Uploaded by

anilperfect
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OSI Model

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) is a set


of internationally recognized, non-proprietary
standards for networking and for operating
system involved in networking functions.

7 Layers
7. Application Layer
6.

Presentation Layer

7.

Session Layer

8.

Transport Layer

9.

Network Layer

10.

Data Link Layer

11.

Physical Layer

All
People
Seem
To
Need
Data
Processing

Tasks involved in sending


letter

LAYER 7 The APPLICATION Layer


The top layer of the OSI model
Provides a set of interfaces for sending and
receiving applications to gain access to and
use network services, such as: networked file
transfer, message handling and database query
processing

The application layer is responsible for


providing services to the user.

LAYER 6 The PRESENTATION Layer

Manages data-format information for networked


communications (the networks translator)

For outgoing messages, it converts data into a generic format


for network transmission; for incoming messages, it converts data
from the generic network format to a format that the receiving
application can understand

This layer is also responsible for certain protocol conversions,


data encryption/decryption, or data compression/decompression

A special software facility called a redirector operates at this


layer to determine if a request is network related on not and
forward network-related requests to an appropriate network
resource

The presentation layer is responsible for


translation, compression, and encryption.

LAYER 5 The SESSION Layer

Enables two networked resources to hold ongoing


communications (called a session) across a network

Applications on either end of the session are able to ex


hange data for the duration of the session

This layer is:

Responsible for initiating, maintaining and terminating


sessions

Responsible for security and access control to session


information (via session participant identification)

Responsible for synchronization services, and for


checkpoint services

The session layer is responsible for dialog


control and synchronization.

LAYER 4 The TRANSPORT Layer

Manages the transmission of data across a network

Manages the flow of data between parties by


segmenting long data streams into smaller data chunks
(based on allowed packet size for a given
transmission medium)

Reassembles chunks into their original sequence at


the receiving end

Provides acknowledgements of successful


transmissions and requests resends for packets which
arrive with errors

The transport layer is responsible for the delivery


of a message from one process to another.

LAYER 3 The NETWORK Layer

Handles addressing messages for delivery, as


well as translating logical network addresses and
names into their physical counterparts

Responsible for deciding how to route


transmissions between computers

This layer also handles the decisions needed to


get data from one point to the next point along a
network path

This layer also handles packet switching and


network congestion control

The network layer is responsible for the


delivery of individual packets from
the source host to the destination host.

LAYER 2 The DATA LINK Layer

Handles special data frames (packets) between


the Network layer and the Physical layer

At the receiving end, this layer packages raw


data from the physical layer into data frames for
delivery to the Network layer

At the sending end this layer handles


conversion of data into raw formats that can be
handled by the Physical Layer

The data link layer is responsible for moving


frames from one hop (node) to the next.

LAYER 1 The PHYSICAL Layer

Converts bits into electronic signals for outgoing messages

Converts electronic signals into bits for incoming messages

This layer manages the interface between the the computer and
the network medium (coax, twisted pair, etc.)

This layer tells the driver software for the MAU (media
attachment unit, ex. network interface cards (NICs, modems, etc.))
what needs to be sent across the medium

The bottom layer of the OSI model

The physical layer is responsible for movements


of
individual bits from one hop (node) to the next.

Remember
A convenient aid for remembering the OSI
layer names is to use the first letter of each
word in the phrase:

All People Seem To Need Data Processing

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