BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING CLAIMS IN PERSPECTIVE SECOND EDITION G A HUGHES oz, rrics LONGMAN LONDON AND NEW YORKonpnan Group Li ‘Longman Hove, Bunt Ml, Hatow, EeerCM20 216, agiad _Assowaed connie Uroeghou the wold Pub the Unite States of America by Lovanan ne Now Yor. (©0. A. Hoses, 1885, 1985 2 phe eared art of ti pubeaon may be ‘eprolun, sored ina elnita stem,rtntd {nan fx by ay sae, ectrie,mechanel shotocopying, recording or otherwise, who he or ween penmision ofthe Pubes it pubes 1983 ‘Second edition 1985 ih Libary Catsloprng in Pulcaton Data Hughes, 6.4, "Bling nde engnerng ci in enpectie,— 2nd 1. Buldog —Conteisand specications eat Botan Linus Seel0s"7604 KDIeA SeN 0-sa2-uau70-2 Printed Great lan t The Bath oe, AvonIntroduction “Chins ~ stam tay ta arour he emotion ofthe most mate shite, ng seer or guany sear» el faprehenon oth sf siiaton arson 0 fe pnt of view) m any contactor, and yet what ote they? Clims for payment oF Stina payment, yes, bu niae tne about them tht mates the fat fom ‘dnny pyewnt® yotappcenly 20 fifi to debe? Some uy thy concern ony snare wh he conse roe, yt do nt expan How oler metre tobe Srought to atenton Otes sy they concen ony ates etvith the contac, thes ‘gvving the depute thot ae spout salnion of wetaone a the Ue, Some ser hy a ploys indulged tn nly by unscaptows contact, whlst sme contactors rez shen ts defen solani seusstshorcomngs (eal ot nage) of the {ttployes profesional arses, or ate nthe shape of uneepected eames. Ota nse dey ae te seas of rect» contacter fom a nia (eid fen) tender, Tey cannot be ates things so what then am they be? I tha Aitsence of opion about what they ae, I saul wonder tat there ely of omic ia veing with hem? Do they caret problem? Thee 60 pola ining to sat lenge mary to reseve = dein f tht tee ito Too may of wn th onto ney Snow fiom our ova expense tat cine acu, tat they sent conaderible esau ‘in tems of sal atthe expense of ongring const, Thy eats badgtary efile: 254 imal embarasment fo our employes. They eae finances, etiton ‘fea ow lo faulty or won fo contactors (and so conto thu), “To the extent that hy repent gmat bt unetblaed sation hy est an lncediie moan to Saance ove long pss, which, ifthe contrestr in quton te sie to stay Ih bose, ess inenahly cargo on tiny falling tet 90 ‘he employer. Thee have been conferences ad Sars and spore aloe on the subject wc pets thee enolack of conc. (a mor foal the Hass Working Party (Contacting in Cl Fegan since Banwel) sid hat the pote of aims was probaly the mort cific an conor smats stfectag rato in teint" the Baal Report which pocded Hai Sra sié ft woud be fo te benefit the whole nde Ue impo ln was ‘stata rede’. In hls book on eginssng lw, Max Ababuneon ros (2399) 0 tn afomal Ducosion by FR Olne (ICE, & October 1972)and sy 'Some ofthe tt ‘es about the peslense of eine sven thet cso at fiphtning” Por ther ridge alo, am eine to ape Tor sees, bower, nore ofthe ae of the ‘rblen in ens of money oped by erplayer to contactor ir ney tobe ew tan IO an cold te aound 10%, taking bading ad vl enieeingtogeier- From ths ‘eismot vey dilate the anil rain tect high nerd ne. On tls geome es of te enon at in af ime which a env.So, ci ate th symptoms of role. What causes the ae they aoe or snaciaie It has bet ald at “ine aes fart Hf and ain re vet soy ‘sich nthe content of seonng Lo be wleome cones ana of gation sug Sion tha the eau cannot be digs mach le rested tha al Ben al hat ‘More than a quater ofthe meney gid by employers to cone iknow bud on septa whic ape nin sped aan ht ey shih nseepabe and side the flows ha ome ult es some a auld ot br Byend te taf thw ef us who purport to seve the corticton Industry todo someting shout I they st navi, tena least ne Sold ein unas to deal with them elfen snd expediousy and mimi the cat ia terms (fb monty apd sl anuces An einer hs bom defied a man who ea com Sirota ety for stxpenc that ny fol an coestuct fo «Sling (oil tha > oF ‘ik destino) and quasi sureyor fae calmed that gag vale Tor money 5 tne af tpn objets (or doe tht op with coxa?) eer xe behoped that hee re not mere ade So fr sadly concen, ti mas ie primary fe the proucticn ofthe usin andthe contrat documests, These mus pty proply wht I requ to Be ‘dope and te pls context a Wilh eo be ecleve ed a hs inte elton ‘hat anoher pry Is commiting Nl to ane une Jocumeniry depos ilo ‘ys relly fra pce. Bot th bo more than th eect, enpie gly reyor se psd to do. Tae counter of couse a pope pepe teedes, ns rege eespenlag kl nd probity on he art f the contact I hs been si at ome conto pes the lends low day so to sore de wok whe ‘esi of making god that assy way ow lar es ere ky ‘ay of Jing bass. The opportunity s unreliable (eles rhe, engaes and “any someyore san be re upon tobe snasteni incometer) the auto = ‘etal a fst sie. ato to oper documontaton snd cede, sina etn of the contact diving consvcion must be properly ober by Both ss ‘Of couse twee ne ansroptcs people c bot es ofthe ence, ba he ans and tds of fe eld ot be lowed loud the maser. Surly ole 0 {ingih betonen pod and ba came an, we are pofnonally compete a we ‘oul be, el nit them hy deserve “To te extent at clans ae uno, tent shoal be part of ev ockssade to hive the sand knowlege to de wh ther a with any oter problem opr fasion gue. We shuld tow the pple upoe which the varios able td responses of each party andthe eens ae deteine, soa o beable to dere Tow the teas of the conte or of contact fw apply to the eieamstanss et wih orice sera. We auld recap tat theatre f he constuetien sty ore ‘ents and dustin a unavorae ua afore We hold copie te eonone vantages to the employer tat ks should be allocated nd otal thst pont com twctc and eae ey have been assed we shoal not carat pacing the whee hey long, wheter be employer ox cotacto. Coarse condoms hae cheats ort De ‘eins ter of allocingFkr sd i o longeepprpdate to spy th mete tude of hal cntury ago (hen the contactor wa expected to tak ll st) 10 he stution tony where that o emp the st. Then engineers a eat, ad the sony, tito ume, one blips sa sens ose Tat Isao one thc nthe tmnt be mean, So as he bk scones it intended to de wid cna a heya euenty re wth pitino he tio of any gen ee, opportnity wil ete where pope to indents how the ttn may fave Sen soe. Ip» work uh thi itis not poble ode more tan preety srl supe ~ hope erste the vnc cteporer whch wal stat base princes, Tew alas te eialty i ging «wos exampie tat the rolation ir ppicble oly to the farts ate. vey ont dle es siteton dies. Tae fay ep therfore, the pincpe needTee ofr their preset sone, zd ese implied bat hey all eave from lea some foe verted es, Ne caso sen why lo soo aout 2 dapth of ention nd ations snugly so that jodgenen clouded and jntce town tothe winds. Thee 10 ‘Sees for ache, ongaee or quatty surveyor to el penoaly ialed 2 contacto! shoul presume to ene a dm (heels npc and the ep Se, ‘ima be uocomforabeto wea) By these ote, thee enews Tr eet ta ea thie, ealoes an quantity surveyor a big of questo tinaey It ny sy "Net's Gay smtuced rd ho conten expected to ote chptr snd vr a stieaton of hi i, ot smonale to eter the ited 0 do ete ete than pe soca In pense? Cat ‘ii ha hs sr of teat! ten cone nce rer tha cess {a prom scons Wyte ae a anything ca be doe to redvee sglicany the arden of alas then cance, teployers nd th et fw conered mit bene sigifeanly. No only ne hte he Sect ané stows beefs of = ae alo the ie ect bento the work al [swt isc on, 1 hoped tat ts book may make sme smal contbotion to put the subject in aie there ser tobe ein hare and heey ken intended — oosvartne? Even profesional an make mistake nd the nv der not regu pic: thon to sted 4 char of opece. However, that com not allow eto basemen {out situation whieh ts within eu eapecy 1 improve ‘Voorn Holla 1983List of abbreviations ArBjos aur 3/0 cessu aw ‘ccwonks TCE Form tes ress ser Eon ser sir sero war ia Merl RE ‘sins SH fo CEO 80 su Tap Acie nner Quant Sereyor ‘ang aw Reports i) of Quetes ‘Chil Engnerng Stands Method of Mesure 1976 eof Won Gens Conitons of Goverment Contat for Bung ad Oi) Engen wore Ean 20977) Condos of Cantect for ue wth Wodks of Ci Enginering Con ‘Condens of Cont frase wth Woks of Chat Baines Con sueion sk ele (955) nds of Contac for we wat Wonk of Cl EngoesingCon- ‘vsti 5th (1973). Revd Jun 1979 ‘Sandor For’ f basing contact ‘Standard Pa of budding eontrict, 1963 en, 1977 Revo “Stndud Fox of bung entra 1960 eds nso Lending Rate Resist Easier ‘Siar Mee of essen or BuadingWesk Eton 6 SonlstdMathed of rset fe Cid ngioseng Qusties ‘Sopeitensing ffcer Satutoy Undertaker ‘Tine aed Popes Stoaduir ed Contents septs Ye 200 oH zo Leto atbrerton ‘nape Definition of ans “he Conon of Conret, ‘his pertain ey to mates in th onct {in pertain to ates vith the contact ‘why te cstnee? ops by te msroplous Dafoe neckuniam Chine ‘Ogre? Th generation of ean “Te waded of eine Chapter 3. Cline ng rom documentation ‘ene Spe nd formal entcts (uafedseepiance Teter nent ‘Acceptance tran Conttpaiy| Ero and detour Ad hoo contone Consring documents haat cee ‘Chapter 4 Cisne arg conto with xecton of te work ‘Genery (Coat osnly inst ‘Work toe oth stsieton of eitectengncee Damage toe Works Ist of fries devin and istctions Nominated st-cnuacte Defoe iste ceeper 7 Cpt S Cain onceming ppt posers 8 v ancy = Spann of conte wat fe sor Hi nent of mts 2 Jon Rood — 1,“ Chapter 6 Clin concering tine ron us Ecney us Misintnecues rea 6 4 weacity Gonz 624 ee teeh, Caper Chines om etn, demain iE aah gp tugs dana ¢ ‘a ont sn ee ‘a natston is Sas Woche Pe ¢hu pte Compote ine 1st ray oo Sepa ad amlation find els i & arate cae > Caper Te face in pred 7 ow of pinned Bl Chapt 10 The pos fein = Saal 2 tovenent of ope ae Rchiog ia Suan aes ae Frac st mpotiton B angi tenon me Batogay 2 Talore im Intex aChapter + Definition and classification of claims ‘Te Conon of Cantst Gis prin ely o mates in he conte {Chim prin ely to mates ath the crt Win tn cisunesoat Moysby he usroaloes Dalene mechanism Chieton ‘Contet Extecontnetal Baisistae ‘hae ae so may cfvent epson to what consists a tat he st een ‘in toyng to get this role in paspctie eo constuction which i compre hens, comprhene, a scepale btk to tore who for whiter reson prodece ‘hls nd to thse who hae (o examine sd port them Tahoul prvet ao poeta ‘iis aed sould not pede ay le. Let us look then a vome des erent the subject and see whether any re ensble and eit en then oct of thr ty toconet cha fae, ‘THE coNDMIONS OF CONTRACT OF he tree major Forms of Conte, ICT, IE ad GCs Ion the ICE Ferm cog ‘shins in Cae 52(2) os being concen wih snking ghee pi ft ‘ed werk or ‘addins! payment puraart to ae (other) Chum. Payne usin atcordans witht corract ne dealt ith i Case OCI), which tue te {Cento to sit statement sowing wba he ones he eed toad we ‘he Braet is eqled to ely. OC/Wis I ses the word lin in Conon 403) st fefering forges for monthly payment of sdvancer on account All tha forme ‘he tem ‘in to fer to cans apt the Eployr by Wied pares (ICE Cases ‘2(1), 280), 79°) and 3002) JE Clase 20.1 an CC/Was 1. Caden 47 and 8), ICE does ust th word in somewhat wide ss a Cue 65(3, whee ie stated that deez sal be wihut pres fo te ems of eer party In epecta any antacedent teach thee Te not gue 10 wheter i sir tomate for ‘whe te contact provides or otherwise nd eer tnd oth,1s may stem fr the forpiag Dt he ICE Contos gh spot to the vw, ele ty sme, tat eas san be oly ln respect of mates foe whch pete provion me nie conc: Dut here he dipting te fat that mates cana eae ‘he cou of many contact fer wich no povson is mae. Tak, for example he "ston of terials pled by an employer for ue by the canoe proving (ote fect. The Conn donot pulse what to hap, ut hee ae ep eons te spec of cha matter oltre leh may nate the orton Cone 0 the question of breach The ICE Poo maker prvi for a mumter af Sreumsant ‘thi aren the tr of brah oe Clases 7) ne of eninge discon, 146) ate af coment to methods 312) delay eased by lhe contactors #21) kay in tng penton of te and allies the contactor to Weaver sch cst maybe fertonale’ in spect of them. Thee claus: da ot, however, purport fo be exh, or oul they be 1 ay phar ep o comers cae where the enlace i ston in ng ext f tne. Oa completion af the wk the enige cay fe somewhat fond {eae te felonng len Conoetr to Eger September 1974 ‘we hereith foal submit claim amounting 10 £42,000 for eel ‘in ofthe work a compere by 31 August st. Ful deta of he cleviations ofthe clam areal, Me shuld Be lf you would inde 2 ebro yen om aon here he net Cries Oe ca nye teenie ly phoning the RE and deranngan xlanaton. The [RE wold hotly deny ping any iran to sclera nthe einer, who ergs rove fama wh ECE 4 than wi ICE 5, oul Engine to Contactor 4 0¢tber 1974 rset your eer 30 September nl an a eo understand on wat gr you Base is exroapan clam. NoIsuetios were ued by {he RE orm to ectraethework ond the cl cording ected the eontnetr knows bi ef he wl ot out he provision of Cau tof he Cone tons but he may be mor inne to wie on he lowing ies. Contactor to Beier 11 cob 1974 ik reference to your eter of 4 October ne would ont ou tht we ave made eatin fron ration of tba are eet nme. We were therefore o he view that we wore under olgation to complete ‘he won by thecntat date and 0 eps Yo hres Ou Plan ad gre ‘overtime order to acee thi We therefore contour! ened Yo be raimbarsed ih xeon. Nowy it doesnot mater whether he was justified (he could have assed he woud venta et exten of Une) he cose ins euted spd nae eve im entra cm Whether ge proper tote, whether can prone hi as et ‘slevant the pot. He ks he end and so raters cl, ‘CLAIMS PERTAIN ONLY TO MATTERS OUTWITH THE CONTRACT. ets ool the conte, Thee the wh contend thc canbe oly a espe Df mate ao prod for inthe contact. Take for exampe a ne where cater ‘Sted with» qunty say vation of ed work @Convair to Archer spn i975 ‘io mut do your attention tcl for higher ates conneton ith Variation 1, together th the coseuenti effect on other wor The Quy Suveyor has raed hs waka pier the Bi of Quancs bur we contend tee are rien and aks no account oe eet he raion on ocr work es prod unde hus 13.5 ‘nt you pase gv oh mater your rznt tention the aout of mone now ote subtntal” Arce to Contractor 1 May 1975, efor your leter of Al th and hae ha «report fom the Quay Surveyor othe ntter of sattion of Voation No 10 The QS har aed the work i seorance wie Clase 13.5 anit for ou ‘omate representation to him fyouare ot sified. The we gueston ‘mates pron forcing anything fhe and lel isis nr arte cor di he roto of Cae 25. The Conditions of Compact mate no poss for sch clans end hare. would seat be no alorate ttle the ter antl afer Prati Comoeon atst Mave, bt there ie hice wha ty vaaon on thi there tat noting tie ‘he coubiton of cont an Hovey leet What about common hi? Conair to Architect 6. 1975 Ne raret ne conno ace th deco conte i your eter of May I ‘ie hare trendy made representations othe Quant Surveyor ba without Lifes Wego tha tnnore mater under Cie 26. Ine remot repeed tle the mtr ani fer Practice! Complain he ‘naunr of money sod ea he tf seins high Are we fo Inersond thatthe hired praraph of you ter refers to wbreion? If, reeomot are We mt forma not yu feu itntion cla he onl east offence eye of thsi def us untl payment rece Although there no expres povon to at wil apes fn Use event atthe (as anton feuracrplal,cely the costo eats pelea om expesing 1s opinion and noting ib ntanions. Quay sotveyos ar Fle wd ean make ‘tas at tne The select dang hice serve In not gasping dhe wae ‘Th contactor could be wong andthe QS sight, bot the matter mast be thrashed out Gnd star roeted (it reams) oe acepadin wc o prt. The are eee ‘elevece Io sri uabnpl and somewhat pte I some fur payert te eveulyTound tobe de, how woud the srhtect and quan surveyor expan the thane coos (Or woul thy ty to ets pyent?) (ee Mtr ¥ Wel Tenia! ‘Service Organisation (1860, 13 BLRT}) So, wi we some tothe conn that ters moi what the eat of the claim maybe of whether ientied cr nt Ih entnte considers he ented, Ihecoonot be prevented rm yg 30 Lat we look now athe statins in which s contactor sling fom inteeeace by another contsctor om an alpen le by the ler Masg operations. When out timctor indeed thee ws an ination thatthe werk wet shout 10 comes {Be apn ate, thooph Hee probsly one of the atten he might hae asctinedty engury Ht own wor ete no ietng. Work tin proees adeeb fo stsprd options at ine athe dar os en Contato Bagner 2m 1978 Me have to borm you tht bcs of Bag operations om the acer sie, hae to supend operations re o ee tines per da with one ‘geet no utp and dey. Azsoon tte complete we tend abit lob for he ual et oie and fr etetion of tm thi atonal hae ee force wher we ended gine to Conractor Sune 1975 “note ht you are hang to aad opeaons bcs of tng othe adacntae Timur pnt that his no wy the repay of the Employer wold azn that. you should ihr mk am scion pth ain ‘een consator andlor inform of your eet fo li your aon! (et fom hm. Ti clam hold nce ated dae ich wl be ‘sored you ea ty no ne awe on ‘This may soe someat hard but the ating 0 fut of the employs. The sdaceat ntact eter conteenng relations and ieglaton conering ue of exposes oF ‘ee commsog nae tha aint ‘The pot tie hr chat wheter aan ted on round within owt the atte, tet tare mas be ean wt the esojer abe He maybe alo ‘nay bea sr for wih he as aocepced Ist ot for whic he my be abe a Theis ot hen a cm wl ie asst him. wary THE DISTINCTION? ‘One nay pitas be lowed sect to how the misconception about the nate of els sting any beaing my ae arn. Arce, sees nd quan seyers ave duties inpsed upon hem by the casset cade ~ but oly thos ded ‘hes lncioe she vation of vaaons ICT 80 Cause 13.4, ICE Cause 52, COWS | Con 8; waters esting the replat prors of he work OCT Clase 25, ICE Ges 7, 14,31, 42 ete, GC/War I Con 8) or tee, ann conecion with ich mates hey ‘wuld ‘be ere fo examie, etute tnd caily for payment. Tvs ye ae ‘ee, oer mater not prove fori the contmct. sich can he ation a suey of dehtece, ener and gusty surveyors would be conta by tha contact of tmployment with th employes. fn he msory of aes ts probable tha the employ ‘tld lok fo thm for advice thegh he may ean the power fo see In eter ese Se would te wise to expect the hte, enero quay rer athe exe may te to msi any sch sine a mpt on i valiy and value wth recommen tose hams shoud heer be dealt wid on the bs of tar nature and te deant ower in he conto contact of enployient to dea wit tem Tete sed bene "ontlon of th ng dt with ssorig to whether the estan forte obvi of ‘ot or ely explanation ale or notte that be aterpted sd any aperen ‘vith fe catctr be up by reson of ote bats ia ute bing eed tote ‘Snloyes, of aitaton proceedings ferns, then any “seomapointion reed £0 a5 iter of convenience uy welesae erent tata clDetniton PLOYS BY THE UNSCRUPLLOUS Continuing withthe ste of ean, thre Rave een sggstins ot ently without justifiation, ht they ae los indulged iby Ursrpaous concise more ot Tess honest pry. mane tht sane contractor pie the ender low erty form to scum the work wth the intention of making good their loses and makne > prot by way of dams. The xen at that pt be Ee, Sums ot ieeaay ky ‘yf ding bse. Th opportunity ta me wach dana oneal one rk {eee engine and ony siteyor ean be led spon to be conieny and Totally Ineamgtet), the outcome ie snnbie a the ine apt wag fe the mone #0 ‘alert long 2nd expenve i iit fo ble tht such eee say i Des fe lng cs ven moc lt to ble ht eet enn and sn ‘ureyors woul ot enya he anion tnd ake acon Gener hat ich soot ‘reno ited forte ener, Of cout tan happen ~ there ate unupuous pope on blk ade ofthe fence — ut to-pet thet hs grow cee and tat therfore al ns a epson andl onto malin them eto eked pon ihnent patently ap DEFENSE MECHANISM. “he sons seen to th foregoing tat cine te some sort of defence mechan by longafferngcosaton agra the ncompetnce o inuranty of eet, ns ers tnd quatiysueyors Ti io rei boat a ue the feerelton aout Urseropolos contacts, ut the Same way tees pthape tat gen of th whieh Spars te cpa. Those of vs vo pape contnet documents mast be pesumed to ows os te, to know what contacts provide fx, what they ean andthe ea ‘ees, both phys and comin, in wh they operat, We rast be exacted 1 {ie otter thes contact sy cunins We hace Hooked at sme of he tgs whieh a aim may eeprset an at some which ‘nay wet estieaon rnc ft shoal ot be contd wih whether a sontetor ‘oy hve 0 ate ie do st wos! be to peje the fue. Whateve the re Sr other, she ares, eogise organ sureyor Would be eto eneuree the coca t Keep hie iforned of anything wich happening or ta happenee Snvltng ihe posit of sonal expt ln sae css work in had maybe con nc orate and ie zero estes may be ble fo take seed action GE Ii or tha employer i tat) f swing opting ation the ous one fe svc he employer as cepted he) In ata, the contractors ny cass specely requ to ge woe and ould wel jxprse is poton e ale to Bos, As ears defining the term ein’, hfe, would at be sel, deed i i not een, to gt back fo evens ond woe seeing ik th inst detiition of the Words pled oe crcumstanes of the constaeton dusty ~ eae, ht es (3) dena of something 00g (Prove) prefered, equ ‘ton for someting ows (©) 2 ootnctor (ling gute sspuous oz) consider, baleves er contends (gh or erongy eerie ti eset ich (9) areenertas ot yet been acted? 96 Sich s'dfnion woul hare dhe mest tet of nlading nythng alo potent when usable or expense i ikely tobe lavate, abot wile the achitect,enpes 0: ‘quntiysateyr shold, i the employes inten, be informe. I wou eave thee Droplet eee power der the conte ich permit or okerie fersiteation ast the mart the enployer (i or without arc) sething iron 1 woul enable {he ther or enptstt ake vrei, sein or ming ton Hf appropri OF to nform the cotate ht fs opinion te sontractrs expan and hy) ‘Atti stage ose nt ater ote he bse he em erwin uth Ue ‘otroct apd ‘wold mot pele ay contention of Blvd enerent ov demand ‘Steoraton wich could be ell eet I leaves oe eat thn an appropiate ‘manera flor cine made by a wnacopulou oot For the pps of hie bok, refers, he word “sin” wil be wed to mean my 1 cequet, demand sppition fr payment or noun of pesumed ett 10 ‘Whe the contactor, dehy or wrongly a that sae, orale msl ened and in TRepctosbichagmtment hot yetbem edna wil general espe with azmal'¢ Having are a dfn etsy ¢ lok the various typeof elm ane onset some of the tem easetly weed fs eoneecton wih Cem (aia Bo Sanity at wnt ean and Uy to aie a ste sone ss fr sch lens {Gains aint ees mn ats, Contacts “Tew concen str wich have «bas nthe contest el where particle provision Can be quoted ae pning ro eniren. For exam, the menurement 9 work done {ACE Cer 6,55 49d 57; Gcfiee | Cont 10) the memurenent snd vain of ‘arinoon OCT 63/77 Clase 11, ICV 80 Cae 13, ICE Caue 52, Wis 1 Cond 9); (isay ang fom vanour exe (ICE Causes 7, i 1, 42 ee) alatitanco OCT ‘hte 24) et eter comes hs eatpory- Geary sch aes define te bas fo valtion tebe adopt nd slate wo (rec, eninge o quantity suve¥e7) Ieracouhee ‘Thus ae cims ving no sine coun: Bu whee elena tens fom common low. The tem exracontetsl ded, i not seul proved fb les bat IF it sd in shed seme opted es, i ot ely to pie ie oe thing mote pei seed wl no JOU be ace tose eal sce in ay Gaon Exencotrcel ums ould geaelly taketh ov ofa afr dagen ‘rete of contactor poly beach of waranty, en eget of snforston sapped ty am empoyer or goods supe by cotter fap msepsentaton une he Dione Ac 1967. Such dais could lobe founded In at but elvays hey have tome bt, hough not stemming from Ue contrat. Taty ste na Wo be conf Ith came (move appoly tee pet) for pyrent veh hav no foundston tl “These ae more corecyexbed expat Exgrta ‘Thi ls whe «cote le sahng seething more tne tan sympathy Bat whace he ht no contacts poison to ey span, where there hs been ao reach or tort by the employer td the contactor eng, 2 the ee sug, Some payibeat asa at ‘fae my be that te sonar undeestngtd the cost when tendering, hat he ‘hecutoa of te work proved roe fat thn he exported or thats were ger than aw or sor tha hs ests wee eter than he payment de. By eting Faint on nex ria he contacts iting hte Basen for further paymint, ber contactnl ee exteontsctus Sone employes muy be prepared tobe generous or Hey may cone Ito be tha busses interes (el Sut loa and cnt goverment autoses ae raely Ina poston to take this vi, tony be toy tat he ba fee what (contactor ext otra, bt peng wrth ommoming tht noting can can such buss Cera vgtest for a reference to aitston ha no sich fleck. Lstanes have been Kaown where @wy archi, engineer or quantity suey may dub 2 dim ‘street If fo see ‘eason he woul prefer nt to al with i pthape wil Ube thought Un the comaetr Ini eee to pure acy wih te onployet. Comes has bee krown forctnn 1oberepvdd ar coma where it thoght Dato ey exprtion aco {ab othe employer e avaiable, Such marpltion shold not be rrr tif ey for the eon tat should semen ot te ease he contator might es be ied {ost hi ground tothe erect he ~ part if he rn fe toe ken 0 tvottion orton. Cameely contactor may wih to ai lig the acct renin or een he employes or beach sounds too unin not ts proven) He would however, be uma to fide thee by wing euphemine or cheng on fret! pround which as lnapprotate. Nor shoal an achec, eae or ny suneyor take exeption if enmtances ore whch they had no comot have pot the ‘employer in bes the matter wat wii Ur eonl thy shoud al expect the ‘onrttr fo aeept he comeqenesChapter 2 The generation of claims “Tae sede of ais ‘Geert Shortcomings Ero Expat ofthe work ‘Sopp of aeration) yn eg ‘Variatonsprope payment ‘isarerpoality for ete Payee Ve ‘ter peovon fo payeunt Prlonaton ‘asy for wich th mplayer reponse Daly fr wich he employer snot espera Liguisted dager Detention ee Noufextion Generly Tarhvorks Day Intern payment sal Notiet "Tie ts eentton Erabltment Examination Concon “THE SEEDUED OF CLAIMS In onde to understand how and wy css ais nto them ito prope psec, tis nosy to remind eomler f te sear ai were, whieh thre ngs Crop tnd the prone dramas who case hem o del wit hee. These te shown dames ‘ealy i Figure 21Figure 24 “The contracts ran define what repute done in earn for nhs payments ‘he doer and reponse undersken by onc arty end (Lo some tn) what to happen sed thy fl thor then. Insofar a th inion of he eee ‘ot complet, he coatet ges the aceasta powers (and comespondig ‘esporabes) to ppt frtherlgoomation ane sz foarte work tobe Coe. Rake ‘sich maybe ensured ihe ekenaton ofthe work reallocate Btee he parse, ed he ne estplted in wich he whole eto be carpeted ‘The contact dwn inthe Heh of event snd eumstance in prnpect sd (apart ftom the drwing) wor eed to exes te. Generals th Words wed at ‘lle ~ ott which night have bon o cole have been of even shold have bee ‘ied Course tne 1 tke the wots ed tte Tce av, to ese tat ed they were inended, tat the ae word hi the sine anng thoughout and that Becatan of the work pon the happeing of gen een ta aca at once hat aha ben born, a evr, ov ily oentfy grounds pd nla Nt may perhaps id ecaeion I oe cou categorie te stenigly une alter wisn ae the satel of i “Te ctegais sed to be bt, lope ard peer apple. Tes bred atthe Towing oan eombition of there hose elements 1. Concert coatst desmenaon 2 Conening the excation te wack 53. Concerning payne 1 Gonnning poingtion (ay and eruption) 5 Concerning eft determinate, free, “These catepois may be sped she mala theme upon which nda rounds te vnntons and which (in ae fed bythe eens and eicumstanses ing {pater caine Esch of howe eter wl be cone in ore deal Inthe ‘owing carp, Genenity “Th acl canistcocuent applica to «ge conte wl ave x centring ect ‘nal ctor, Any seen one ay make canbe neta by speci oF hoe ‘Provo: No mate what sold have een hey mut Be ilerpetel on what hey No mater what One Woclé fave Heed them toy suey thy ena eat that «thy at be come a ay sand. No ater what ily they) lnvole in ompving with tem, hy wl detersine what he oligos epost ‘Sites ofthe partes ne. Informing cm or examining ee, 2 krowdpe he once ve ef soca santard docuent, should nt be ara Printed dctrens ‘aw elfen diton;ad ho anda te ten made; dosimens which oo mht ue shuld exit or be corporied (they eaneot pos hae forgot rncade Neoule be shes Storconings Docarsns a eat by people, a peole ae fli. After 2 court isin bing ‘utes maybe Soeowsed whe sould ave Been acted. They eno be ade er, ‘nce cout! ocamente cannot bearded xcapt Dy igrsment etre te uit. Pressnderconependence may iaderety be omited of ot gen ett: {coven iter fo 2 tender canting ppt nformation nay not hate ben reed {o in the tener i; comespendens, pang between tender abd acceptance may sot So es on ta Siew gid spn es (fines nny ther sar attr, can a ie ols. mon & ots may take th frm of Uropenles Detweandecament, oe win gn dor Inen, robles of te Knd ean aoe when one ntarpting to cantue the dunes {opnter, Eos otllegd rrr in Bis of Quasi are a pole sours of wpsnent Itt dipate ox pombly clam, ané ene of he ngs ne mt be abet dei What leaner” Tora quenson ore cl anew han aight be suppose. “The str wl be futher Scud, with example, in Chapter Sopot tnfrmato/delay ie ag “The Bish practice of ling contrat ns msi of formation has stogdsran: tee For Heavens sake et wept that contact et we can py the resto th eas ‘Mle the jb onder way, bus chor whch an ‘or Heaven's ake pt hat dtl out [nd shee banding schols say tfoe the antactr ie brought to sant. Th ‘tees (for tha what stots oft the contest on les thn fl norms ‘Son cass with it sere oblieton to spply that information in goed tine and whose pn mates in tat commen).w ‘Vavntionsproper payment Vernon ae commonplace and hee es tendency not oaprecte ‘hat ely sor seer can ve o he work 1 dorptivecfct Some tend to be rther major in charset and ne may peop need to cansier swathes they te property win tne tof the lean ne. Tt poole agit lets, engineers and quart sureyr to apply bl aes where the verbal dsepton of the woo ete sr but the crcunatanie in Which tenia ov ae by no mess he Riklreponsiey for oem cordon of eonrt allot ks Lay tobe met wih a the course of the work to ‘one pty of the ober Tis both equtabie ead inthe eonomie tert oF “he employer however, not alvays etn pace to Mey a prevents ing lsly win» preie provion ofthe contractor not. There may be other leunsances hich gual the rk ln quson sad which ay therfore gualy where ‘eis eto fa For sample the conteet my provi ain Cis 12 of the ICE Conon, thst “the Cantal encounter pylons... whch be corte could ot resionably hae been frsen by an exeinced contactor." be mey ci tea ional cost ieure, The important quaizton is the freeeablty by an expesneed entisete. Tas tence ined tay not have bor a eaperanced a esol Reve teen or was expected robe Fre, re the ramet of Clute 1 ofthe Cond ‘ons that “The Cancer al be deemed to hav npcted an exes the Se nd to ves imal oor subg i edo to esate af he pend {sais 6 far as prac =.) Soynot nly was he suicenty expe © Teeognie ang asiss what he sav, ut wast practeable Inte ecumstanes ~ ware "ime or tendering scent for hm co make prope set an dhe sek an exe Sion oF tat tine? Nevertes,thee i exrtan ik which the employe as undertakes, to ary and there et room fr dhcuon to whether te condone racanteed a wt he proses no Delete ‘hein aby fer deacve woskransip is gomntd by the ‘Delete Labi” or ‘Maintenance’ Clauses of the Condens of Contact. Dua the peated periods the eontractor hs both the elipton andthe eight to remedy defect: Beyond ht his ab ty coun or the pedspeseed inthe Liston Act 1939 a tee peed be no longer has the pt todo he work thugh mht be seal othe employe to a ‘im to do it Compeatins ond ca) xmas onthe mater of whether sch dees oud rasonaly ve een dcoveed dang conteton and fm whether reedying ‘her then would hve bean cheaper thn remedying them tr. The ity to beset Dadig ove flowing the Anne v Merton case (978,5 BLR 1) a mate ort and i therefore not within the sop ofthis boo “Thee mates il be farther daca wi nung a Chap Vatecon af ent wok ‘This is mater concenig ely mesic and alu costa an mpsun cones te contracts sendy fed and Is wed by sion and deco. Probes in is ‘Stepry ace asa ented onthe appleby of BJO descpions to the work as exe ‘ited icladag pape errs or cficencis in sich despise rere to under ‘Docamentation” above andthe qeson of wheter o not the BI ie pins to lnreed or deeted quatesPrtonston| Defoe Valaton of vse wok ‘This mt prolife soe of chine sed dite and these geal centre upon ‘hether the wos in quinn i snr inal apes Both ae repr i entra The condone under wach tw exceted. Thi mater of sent fondametl and includ tie, liming. sgoens, loin to her Weck being done conceal ond ‘verythng es whih could enemies of cost compared th Work which mip tte provisions for payment ese ar ince ates wih an the nate of breach of conte by theemploer, foc a lay in oping infor te Clue 25 of ICT80; Cus 7,13, 14,31, 442 of ICE and Contin 53 of CCIW 1). Alkouph provided fr Inthe cone ach Insts oes elt wth onthe bof ‘aap and thar ead pre Dey in is ‘onus nl to Becomes wth ext tne forex work whch may be ives “Thee matter wil be forte dane in Chapter 5, ith example Dat for hich the nove sresponible 1 day ssi for wich i pay i reeponble ad fin coaequeace the conte: (GE tos incu exta cet then eaeraly the contactor wil be ened to cnbusenent {Ger fo. be wl hae fo demote or prove the damage he hes sel an no Drei wl cluded, In eget of oven cota it bas toe demenstated Tht they Fane in fic bw Inerad spd ate act mora bank pecentage aon. Api ie recess 0 ditinguih Slay rom ext Une fot ext Wok ‘ne problem in his connection hom to da with opetpaing ay ed what the rte Beau of ot dls for whieh the employer epost hae for Sich net. Extemion of te coecerned wit dls which onto the ete ‘Patho pth which hae teeome etal Daly Io ay option ot on he ta ath fd thesetor not iovohing an extension of Une can ex cs sive, provi Tema pound foc Dey sof to Kn oe wh wk oped hon ee sometiy ay t ct the co he kr nd the ore oa) whee ork lowed dr ae ‘Sor css il be mena to ee dy eens si topped whe oe onsac bu cern feo lat 3M) ora term ofthe esetonl poset” (Grose ans pont wor fo dced ape). Sach ey ma abo cae Sate done out of eqn! tern uecnomeay ad tava apn” {oof pos’ eh cox sing Singh om pcan. Daly for which the employers not eponsible ener, in sich cae the constr wl not be ened to compensation. It not, South forthe octctr to ny thatch ckeatanar were Ho, cul ot he Dey, Fersen wi tendeng. Sach matters excepuonl tcement woth, ses, ee, tay gv she contractor anentUenest a extrson of tne (Cependont upon the tems of ‘he lent parslr dates) but ott compensation, Aa exception ay oa ee ecient hss or mich te eplyer responsible uses x coceactrintoa pod of Ftlement weather wlth be herr woald nol have sacounlred or wete work woul ‘there ave eased ste where te wet woul bare a eso eect Thee tes wl be rtr dca Chap 6, th exams “Thies eategory whch ince fale co complet within he stipulated tine oe whi ‘roron ie mae for Bate dans) on ao forthe rates more dsl anton ofScenery ue fos, Frito, fe the lop sese ofthe ei someehat ae ‘ecient effec of outbreak of wr lo Inde within ths ctor bt neler tthe presents peat robles gels ages There isch misadetending sbos! the eecorebliy of Hiatt damages. Te fat {shat proved the conctor ened to no, or ao fur extension of Sine Proved the das nes analne peer of the lu ikaly to belncure ea el daly hen the emlnyer ete to rene ths Kquated damage in espet oft Pod of dey. Tae ee bea ae fom which Ligslated damage cant and whethes {hs am be se etrrpstily wil Gepend upon the em af herent cae. Clty ta exerion of time enna be gen unl teense of ey hs ceabd bat beyond ‘hor an be dnb and te sys wie to piv an exesion fine ary a bie ‘nto ele the tine suaon geo, sy evry tee mens, to ese ot on {Bat bere 3 dae from whieh gute damage aa ran but a0 tat toe entnctor ‘now is responsbiy areas completion an has et to whick to work. Detemieaton ee ‘These les ae nota fequent sure of eam I howerer, ot import oes ‘Gat thr lr emlement to detemine se wrong determination cap led fo etna came. “These mater wil be ter duced ia Chapter 7, th exags NoniricaTion 1 some vec ose wich esi to costo expense beyond what wat expend, he, Inthe nae of tla ieiay tobe thn contactor no fet spreat he psy. I iesbemtore pot uoreonale fo expect hi to tae he nie ane sft thes tac, ener or quantity aureyer atthe speepat lvl. hat ight tens nfl nd unseatonshe to compan Ut contactor es sch note; I wrong conden fim or ein “sin conseaus orn tht etenc alone to epochs ote Bartha Ie toube ae In conestion wth eachvork an mater Being exited i ound to ‘bs unable for contrvetngsbaknts ar expected and seated t may aot be ‘noedelyapptet tothe contactor that he should notify the engines presenting {Est sone ston under Clase 12 of te ICE Condons is wanted. Tt may not be immeinely apparent to the engine’ repent thal there anything more tan Stclement weather eusing touhe or hat wat be hough wis nepUtute ot the gst of {he contactor ta cold pesky b esp fll i sbkng to tse hs ati tal ‘The man prooceupstion ofboth side isto gt the ob bull fetes re inne of the conto Indus and it nay well be sone tine before the contactor rales ‘he fl pletion of te ststin and think fo ter of ein” and hrf te secs of note der th ar Clas 12 of the ICE Conor nse cetmstnces ‘whos hae eon rg the cm append? In one seve ths app when the excavation jn question uted, bats tna of a ls anno be i oh Sappenel unt onic oth oe (uit cone {cxf brome ava ofthe Staton o ol emanably be expected to fave become are of iar eng someting penly warning el ths ue ane ing ys creuntancer which ae making Cnmosesappret in the conse of the Wor More plan, moe mun lnk of progest,diffrent ethos any ofall of thee ean all stent the fet har theres wou ee shoul be alerting someone to earl tes ‘th the cotter aby unde he contrat ad rm ht tos We that here ay be [atime to aon paynent,Antes pysent signe 6 Dewy ely In contetlon cones is ot an uacomman cece, but evn the ease of 1 oot say sparnt unless semeane alr oth ation and cone mon loving pope gaat propre. Fale Co sib avin afte has bee esc, Fae to ominate x st-contatr by th sequled at, he Impact of vartion dr Sesing work actually in poets ~ al hoe ae rested oie WI mats a ny Soe there ae wnsly period prope meting at wh substantive dla nay bem Spareat, but uxt not be fargoten Cat is gecesary to tate insane of ey into tre of (@) how weapons they se and () thal impact ox te wor, Store ‘ean deteine eto sam ily be oeted or et Cle i te cdy in quetion has Sen cased by he contactor then he wil be vble to lim aldol cast If howe, as ben cased by the employer (ris ag2n8 0 tote of contacto), hen Hy wa ve re oan snlament. I ac lye ‘the sil pth then the canter cule beanie to an extension of tine wel, TE howeve tha een cae® by sch ar exaptonaly inlet weaths, hun the Con tract mayb ened to an extension tine bu to 0 payent The apa snot ‘shun fo Sod one caue ovedapiag anther an the problem then ase to whsh ‘apervnt, Ths podiri deal wit in mos deta In Chapter 6 Suc tony bere ‘hat the rata sone wh aur eantantemtin by athe, Each ms be ova ofthe rigtean tabs the othr. Thre aust be some woking arama: bevees (her wherey progres an dale canbe ono 11 us got be ovo ta al iss. ee way, eeondary to the man bet of he nec may to ace pleat joys on the Works. Tis wil be the main pe ‘esopeton of oth sontector ang REC sta but in Wis very stun hat they ‘mus bert othe penalty of cms they ae not to be ely ewakeed wheats {holst tod ting bout wa ado sont nd expen have bern nore. So much fr ths more tani indettlon of caine. ‘There however, soter ae in which the post of en may ake Ia appsent andthe i the eee of sng satret orate pynents nin he reparation of ial accor ‘There ar some people on ot ts ofthe fone whose hak tha ast ny ‘ning wl o by way of semen for nlesin payment tomate cal approximate, ‘here wil be another coming sng in sath tine, tl el too Dy en othe ‘inst pend too mach tne oa them. Taowe who suse oth de are healing for oe an igpsing a vals inosa of potential genuine dam stations or aera trl ae line tobe ie by a oan pap between expenditire snd income to Wak ‘heeled fora clam when stay contract work or tasaton sr adem ‘The fi nds to «contest ts something may beam can bea sipast lrepaney heoreen oxpeniiue sd matey eve for paymest. He soy te to eer for te shorfll but etter of undezesuragent ae noteiusly useable ad sy cae tend to alow te event tater beltelyThe contactor ray serfore be ‘reiitated into Lokieg for rounds for calm where Wither no necessity exis or where {be smount ded maybe rosy oestated, Soc tus tens toe a entactor Tepito of bln hin conan an and o Sure» peatne sae when on Consider the stanton where on a MED cont, the conectr had dated ub tant dely sd ensequent dup or wich te enployer was eponsbl Hl co ‘a competion ofthe werk thowed a shortfl of etn tke £750,000 compeed wih ‘eat, een aftr lowing for reentns He hat area sabre an tim in for sdltina core abuse to dy snd upon which he then update 0 over Ins Tones. The eet of Gy in inf snot ey fo em but daruptin i notoy (Sent to ete, A comin OS wa allen to ao the employer in cretion ssith the eli bat not he Sal aecount, whieh emai with de employer's ‘Te constant sake bth teenies ad he canter how thei ees sd ‘rpaations of Te at scaunt wee progsig snd was tlt by both tat there wee Stel up to she In fc of at infront wasnt unreasonabe cee he [its fce alu, testa th extent tly aod srption and evant Whe {the cons of delay hed boon nace, there ered Gsoption element scent, {o some 40 per cet los of product af nbour (end sonst iar on pln) tro, hs would ve meat eat Droopout the wee peed ofthe contact fra of fen men weve effec ding nothing a, x maybe et oot often workings hal pac. Is eat ele that sue stuaton posse. One woul ave expected ‘ah at feito have bron obvi oi aot ena bveaton, and een ih Taboo fits ting ba thy ae one woul are expected the cents omg the chmge and dre some eth ren unl te cate of the ele wos femele, In fiet the Sina acount took fete yar to cone andthe pkap, compared with ‘he item payer accounted fr more thn hal the soca lve of product. [Bt what apy! Tie contactor aperted rather splint actually honest. THe ners staff were nt eka covered wi ry. The contactor sted ot of monty Iva ene to = avr cnsderble eat etre of bank charge and Mt gy ss laze to ving point sea hen tht ei everybodys interns cme nem peyaent toa ‘omunctor within hi contract enement In ation to siting the ot of ation Inceatez above, this feds the oppartunty to keep check onthe str of quate (Getectngpontle etn lmopatin contact aad lnceue or decreas te ows of Imesure and value coos), iting scsson on tesa pies for varied work ad proving a rasoasly tlie Gna eatement for both employer snd concer. {Doe ie och avenge fo begun from nr vluatons Dig reps jain contactor and QS sl ‘hat process ca be spplecete tfc alatge if wok nthe fia mesa sn detve ngreerst omits for vaed Wott, Slo proceeded with encore) fa lowe up bend completed ek espe ia sone sl wil eve! hws mates ‘tre 2 cntator ones that rope oes ad prices for aed werk ae nen, {nd vestigation may canara the ron ened a something oe (ea! ‘ing cspced of bef i fomultd) lvetinon my evel tha somethag fts imvelwd ~ ad this may be Ue monet he he aed fr cng someting (phage ‘by way of tone ane expense caused y rte nately fferting ele pop fe ors has ressashly become appeent. The ae of tating work 9 th fin scant 1 soon as there 5 comleed permanent wok to meaure cannot be ove. The Chjpcte of caplet the fal tenant within th msintenance pod (at ret twee "aon is well win the bounds of posbity ante llc onthe nim stontion etn (ne frtes point on the matter of both inti statements fr payments om secon and the preparton of ia counts atthe work i expedited andthe sal fet lnvaved i edued i both mrasenent and atesang ae dae jal by the contractor tod AEIQS wat ‘Thi then it how cis realy and usally orate, whee mates of elerence bea vith aston, proved at tines with conespndenc, ar the subject of again a he cause of everyy snes osm stn at at et tas sted without ‘he big artery beng Dough In on sites. Ki ned that ater more cul be ‘de wits he ne way we apie os mnt dang. OF sure tev a it ‘of other work gone on: the miner ofthe coatatar i t pttho jo done of Se Urchtect or eager 'o produce corti infomation in vet vi aang hy {Gethape with an employer ho cannot make up his mind fo what he waste andi ralurtan o pay for he peg) ea of the quantity surveyor to prodce esta or ‘artions, deck tern statements for payment on sceanh,eanre work ele i ”as ‘corre up and so on, Theta otsons wien the cntactor ges eer indltion of ‘ipotglooghaea or terpeig events to her acm wd he A/E/OS Wiig # ‘eles seuonAl thes robles can be dat with beter I both sides Know ho, “now wha hey td the ote pry (oth contret rend now wher they an "he job stand a ope tim an final acount; an Kao the emceunces of puting ‘ff desig with is ley canbe put of no Toner In short tay amp hal ‘ht conrsio sot lof the esto, peymet te ota he tes ot {teva tort elt wath when tine pei Hing that tig ar hat the conrctor mst peace af an intention to cs 2 son 3 poe Just what hs meas ot alway ea ta define, te pon! ben Sehen des th em tn or thr hen os the necessity to ents cl boone Spptent? Condos of Cnt inthe pct fave stared toile tht notin al be even immediately upon the hapening of te event rg x the cin ICE wae ‘Petal hs connection, patsy as vps Clase 12 which stipulted atte cot Cal Wort done or Comiractnal Rant dy the Contactor proto ag ech le “lb ned fo ve ben cree inthe ater nd pt? ICES mor eatonable in eqing note in wei... 500m a analy posse ‘er esting feo cm CC/Wi Ie perope somewhat stone Cand ton S3() (tw to the second eon 1971) a reuing he cantictor Snmetely ‘pan eco awe sl ve pen wot CT 8 (Cause 2613) segue that he tractors aplton sa be mage soo st os Beco, or hold esonaiy hve bce apptet. at ere progess.- hasbeen afeted” ‘Thus, he conins of conse sem to tecogus that cam stuaion dor not scat ealy defied pot eine and nt avays tally scope. Not of Incnton to eae ae ont the macy othe noes vgued om Uh eoctetr flows, however, tat ithe contactor Is quite to ge note, wth the inlet, ot the expr satenent, a are to do 90 my damage or precise hs ete, ‘en ather the acter nee or quasltysuveyor ic eid ta conn ee If te conte cos as he weed. No doubt there ast Whee nee pes un ezoraly or een filo, ut tien the peer eae, comet onions ‘Hes nt png noe oh plan sen ony ronan wf a tom discouraging nodes, ate engin and qunty surveyor should indent ‘nsoange it: That sw the sp hing as encourapg the making of epcous or founded clans, bat whenever there isthe posit of « chim de ATEIOS must We lnfoomed thy are to ak remedal acon (iat posible andthe es with them forthe employe, If a mater of deg), or tny may beable t take sing ‘on in sac sth ee of uneatable ground conions whet st te contaeor’ ‘erp. At lent ty eed ta Haw sa that Shny may se the empoye sh I Som key hte nay eee upon Loree ene ar [ete a mtr of consntionwaetherin any en eas rch note iw onto prese- ent to eablig sali bat i pshap safest o ame tat ths ay be the ae ‘ere contactor fe to pve rice owe the matter hun become sppaen er, then the condone most be examined to etsblih whether or note ented to cam. [A nested sore, the gnu ese ht he woul be. Oa the ler band, he aed to do so but wasp obvi that he could have en noice mosh ae and tht becuse of this the AJEIOS ee “prevented from of substan pruceed by such Faz in nesting the sai eli” (ICE 520) hen he shoul have no cepa {the can were rede o whit oul be aah “Tie tite ‘Some contra sonthn an ao au tothe fet ht lcs mast be abit by ‘Such snd such» Gale Gomes the end of he aatnanes pred) obese tay wl0b adie, Tee snr 10 be see oubt abt whether sch elisa ea nfl. IF hey ae inde he conor wuld be we to campy ith thm ‘ose (or, better calenge hem athe tine of enerng) Certainly an ATE/QS would ein some fil in rejecting» ci known fa fve substan 2nd good eu, ly ‘on the oud tot ts one oy he (or wo dy ora Wek). Of eure he would ate ‘comply with tach conditions but he mht fa ied to report tothe employer what he comsdwd the pton to be ad the loa and eons condensed Ia ‘eetng tan pots recommed ht Is advice be cop orcas not bed on provost the contrat fo damage in rsh there ‘eno tine limit on ream beyond that bpd by the Lmatins het 9 1939 (x yet or sie conte and wee ea or cones under se), It weve, eey In everybodys eters that dou be det with ooner ate han ater. Wi he usage ‘seule ~ and the ect oe work long compte on oy bee ha a conrcon cna sesone ony wha he an grove, This ctl theese a wbtvton at pion and spretuety Ue poly bind ICE Gase 52(4K) whch spel cu the danger wie a coneto sy Fenton of dey: "the contactor fs to comply with any ofthe provisos of he Case Inept! of any cama he sll end to payment in ope! thereat oly oe ‘extent ta he Enger aot been prevented from substan peje by sch ator in investing the sca. Further, he contactor can presumably ke goed eof any moos owe he seeds an ployer wl at fot Kay ped wards «contactor who ely nfrmg bin tate may belie to ake Further and osily sisal payments sone vown fou dete Where conditions of contact rg oso fiatention to i sient eeiy to mt sich centre i the noir inlet the intention gre tere Hower, Sc # mouse Bf uel no ey to get atjone wry far and he cantor shold be ‘pected to flow he up with pct of the grosods being rlled pon et 8 ‘abation, the mare to be teat sous and groper conseaton een os ‘lly and valve, and the coneqoeces of atl (dint from tech ay ‘esting, een if recede nner nls ad doesnot conta oie. [PRESENTATION ‘sini earie, a claim may asin an informal way be deat wih by escusion aod be settled by imuion in the neat ati payent ot inthe faa account. Thee a, however, osasons when thls doesnot aufoe and eter requesting co he trates a fue, siahing the pounds on which i catered enement bated, with ‘efeteoe to peo corespandenc, ota docments eles secesary, and showy he noun elaied and how it at bee aed at. Fr convenience, he eter gh wall ‘be headed “Cin an, if there were several of then, might be convenient to nine them in see busines, competent, conc, mater of fet bt not Big he sppertce of tying wna: There ie lle of opinion which it snot hen pote to ates aeons aecesary 1 sub the ater formal paly at Ue ‘allbe ao doubt aout the fat of the mater and what Being calmed and put hat It may be sent oper authority (he acitet or Ue engines ssn from he RE ‘or CF) if owesy for decson. ‘ay be ttre lawl eset and some wil not. ey te that some may ‘become compiaied by Inter certs a net rastating may be hate nicl in say be so complex tt equie something mote tan would nomaly be Get with by ‘Tony oer pus endosues. at wom stg ding the Job or even at the end it Becomes neceary to dea witha singe eamlcte chm 0 cllet together a nambeof ie clans which have become Snterconese, then itm be nacenry to cont 3 docu in osm wich ems »te be beoing"adion inthe sen ta Dulko 07 mae a Isl ‘ein’ re 1, tbat to ete aprnrnee of expecting stent to beach tater than des fap i he ea one socio wih ation of ernie Yn he ‘Tere no ned oss o convey thal the mater verging upon strato, Hut ‘here tone cevie whic ay wel be Worowod rom atittonpromedings whch wil ‘ee rat lp to tone vig to death daa het pap nn sing ‘or goo he than he reverse That device simply tos ut eon bul emo: ‘eataly th at ofthe whole mater so tat ae conta of 10-15 pope tn the sees, eogeer or quant surveyor can understand what 3 sue. If eounte: [produce to sxpct the peopl o beable to rend through document of btween 100 End 1000 puts nelaingcocuens and sche and coxepondence and actions {nd ao on ma ofr the on the hvesigetion they ne regued to make It ‘ot tobe apposed that bce ud as of norton conden ino 015 page Tes worth ay ess in es of money hough sme syst thik. To oe son tector ming ue of th hl deve the comment war made hata hot (len pou rsa), exam be worth ey much This pores why sme coat ‘eoeosary to spend temas and (pete a arate pe rater han double ‘pana Chin nol be led on th nts met no pe pa fc “The device ing refered ti conned in the Rot of de Suprme Court Onder 18, ule 71) wich nye" every lating mut contain end coms ony asttee Summary form uf te at acts on which the pay pleadlag cells fx Ms aor fetene, but nt the viene by which tha: fata tbe proved. and The sateen mut be bet athe mtu ote ca ada ‘Thus summary of few paps conily but comprehesly sig out he sats nt ati lene an AVEIQS esr to guy undead the absence ofthe "ln blag ds ew enable in to diet there fH sat towarceroborting ‘or courtening he pos being aie Sacha summary would of couse be backed up by ‘deals and dene, wich shuld be ae exenemfny be ecewny toate pit but sl sot unecinyverbom ravings, hed, progam, char, ould te provided as appendices, Cops of elven cocepondence ate ao bali tes ‘maybe tabuted tivo a mumbero fle nd cosieable tine can be spent in oeting them. Al the documents comping the de — the ata andthe seer epoca socuments (hich ae ete cel wih se apenas to aod being up the are nec shoul be efecneed and each exefilly papated 0 tat in cefeing 19 ‘hem (eter nthe boy of he elim or aon) a smple reference can ese that Swhooe eben nied to lok a a partiaar drawing, chat, shed, ecules ot ‘ates ca loos up ihe vu of ithenlty Sd daly ad be sr Dat bee Toaking a he sit Ung The same roma apy to ay rejcdoe which he zee, ener or quantlty surveyor may take It abo to be hoped tha these pope find ‘here nae fo ae (wl fequenty be the ae), they wl a Testy hy. A ‘dogma ssnelsned No an que ipcnly camps relies an make urtbet epoeoe dif and protaced even stimu to the oxen of reaing a ‘Se fars the contactor conte he to be expat to present hi cae clay and socsncy,cophihing is pine by A ten, but reding tances weigs tt Para aodingrecrnition and inendo, wish ae more lay toe fence {ed be counter roduc than invite oe, ipa cosieraion. Wf hee ieensiered te be fat on te prt ofthe employer cx hs profess! evans, then of ue is ‘us be aida ln ut pt ena If he resch of soe eam ote of the tact then ao amsnat of expense Wil poi a feet substot o Saying. Ina ese some yarago a contator wa sg every ply scone thik of tow ingo {hat uf word ‘ae. On the pot beng pu to Ne oy denied hat he OU een think tat the employee could bef bresch. Whereapen it wae inceed sat tht wore ‘he eae thre was nothing fre Co duc ~ er ely he rounds wpon which he cou ein. As rest he apy changed hing the mater was nae nie oper context nd creat ech any, ESTABLISHMENT 103 for she contort state the enon why he cons himself ened and tohow Inve, Some enti Som to thn hey ery inform teats, et ot ‘qaoiy surveyor at somethings wong, tat they along mone. ena ing plé ‘hat they expected, ten i up to he aeiet oranges or Guan ster to fg enon nd sake a esto. I hey do mot go that far, ony Ys that they ae "hee im wrongly the ts up tothe employer profesional abies to cone nd Peshapt inde te cee ts. Suchen oly ili Shoulé ute eet, {Ufo bition thea thee ene question bt ta th inant me penne is pr of sin and sate te amount he seeking. Thc iferene inating wes, ot ‘ould thre be, forte conta isthe only one who can ow defect of creo "Hanes upon in and cert eco ee ano he anil consequences Although i i undoubted theese tt ifr the cantar to sate why he cone sien ented, and to quote conlons fcntnet where appropri spor of is contenony, it not tobe theopht tat Condos of Cont coasin ins las a sch which if quoted asin Some way teh open sare’ Cle SUC) the ICE Conditns has somotnee been raped nk wach btn put prone tla md of taf peso ean to payment. Chins wy ase fom eves cteunstances where on psy i aBeged to have one sonedg othe cetimen of fe oft fad tod seating hs de taken to do. The Codions of Contact atept to nips sch evens a et. saci in one of ote f te csr an tito (or sor) of tee that ea be ‘voted in sappor of ay dam Whee na ach povsion coves the event rctostnces {a gorson then one must srk some pile corn Inv which coves te mate, Anatedy it may not leaps be pose inthe fat vine fo ce «conn of entree with abst oily ~ i may be nese to gate diereave pours et ‘tnt If i be expected asics contin be ven osc to tan ‘ome payment on acount) thea a dvion must be rnd athe cam prpared aceon Sngly: Oca in he eau of dacusion i nay become appaent fate pad thos i nconest. There wuld sen tobe no feito why a tat pot te ener should not ete hice on ote fans ti ne) coc xmas Obouly he shold fold sch an occurence if at al posible at dor not eet wel upon seen) ot ‘xebity co have to change grotd. Sometines, hovers, eunwoldable and aga [owed 's contactor not setng fvlouy, he shold ot be pele, Ho woul fet be able to take sch a couse gon rlerng the ate orton (whe, Prope {rhe ist tie, eh the bene el 3), bling cms ts nscestry af posible to ay ech separate event or ‘mater which is coniared fo ge ne oar eniUement of payment, tov the esons fers considering end to evaunte ree. Cams howe ae often compose work ‘enneton with saison ore may vl not nly sisal of contons te ‘ex ine, hh say ned to be dsdagihe rom ay each, Kray be esr) om ‘avon fo dsc scm, fen on some nity bas, ie one spect stat prt ‘sd mother, bing Inthe ature of damage, doco, On the oter bands smurf Imatis may crue delay and dirupton wih the re that tee a aaa ect ‘eh that i not pele to separate he nt andl any one cate o et it Solon. In sch care, they maybe taken together and asd a whl — provide oft is inns aad ther sno onl (oe Coty vPortind UDC 1967 — Abas aon, edn, p 325; a0 5 BUR p 121). Requests fr infomiton, bth a8 to day and ‘Sou in soch dea iat no costo old vemos be expected ole het ‘omeszoable an mantle ploy to deena cam apd would 23 eat of (hue quoted, be nly to seed. XAMINATION ‘The tecniqe tebe employed in examining dans covesponds othe technique invled in constructing them, adi matter deal wt in more Set in Chapter 9. Sie {o ay hee tat i acento De ese, to attempt to prow oF duprone telly ‘he marot oralkpone mde Ie rece to heck fae, trig wih he doce iene whieh consti he contt One i ealied to asune noig. Check the Gets Ir eften poi fo ach spwemeatbeween the ho sides at carts at (wether, ‘umber af men weking o le pt, hours Wore, ef) whut secs eh pvement a hat sge sto the npr. Sach a step can sve peat deal Of Ue in ‘Shocking thet matter independent ‘CONCLUSION 1 the flowing ohapes example ne phen of cine which maybe rparded as une on the themes stot under te heading of "Germination a the bepasng of thi chapes, “They have ecu been sine in ene ape fo rg thes hs te comps -TNosknuch ts ut eneeou tsa ade fo Kp the wy awh ey equ ie andre (isan cls 0 ey pile [Al the cat bse on ats experience e did ez but ae tus 0 eae at In ng sales there vay the danger of sting pase pot Sle el never eer Some stempt aster been made sls ate of ge {pleaton, anda theo of ach eu foot ont Dey the ols ofp inva ‘Sothso ha they nay Se apa beyond the nc ese being dct, al so s0 tat, on the dang perhaps Sing econ ome tape maybe ikem fo Prevent sock ‘ine eouing, Preven meaner aualy owe ecogaal than Sill Westen te applying points sata hee to other case cre mt be than to compare te baste factors such the scul Cndrs of Coot obtaining ot erly these For (ICT, ICE, GCMs | es) but the lean econ and moe partly the ex ‘wate ofa ie onions whch may rast ter the station.Chapter 3 Claims arising from documentation erly a ‘Simple and forma const 2 (ualted seepasee a ater nat By ‘Accepancewindeawal = ContacPaly s Enorean ceropinle x tio contin 6 (Casting scumente 26 iostatne ce 53 Ch ued en poison in coving eto tender 532 Chim ad on qulled acceptance counter-fes) 33 Chimarisng oat flee of cert 534 Chim in esp of eosin lls of Quantes (CT and 4) 435 lam a esp of eosin Bl of uanies (CE and CESMM) 16 Cla ated on defect i formal Agent, ‘GENERALLY 1a poptog sod examining clin its een to ea ind tat on cocaaed with wht the decumets say apd wat they prone for, not th wht one thnks ey shoud Save sald or what sat fae ben intended. Tas may spear ary els But eb oly ery to red ito document hat oe tape fa oe what ene nny feeble ‘Aresthon i ea to the comments onthe conten of documents dd heater ofimbed temsia Oper 23 ag 1 SIMPLE AND FORMAL CONTRACTS In consring contacts lhe documents of which thy ae compel mtb ska nto sceount The ICE Form (Gauze 1(1X@) 98 "Contnct eas the Condos of Caneat, Specifiaton, Drevies, Pred Bit of Quaniee, The Tender, the wie ssntany theo and Te Cote Agent (i competed) Nate tha the CE Tener Form sy "Unles and wnt a formal Agetment prepared ad eect, sender, gets wih your watenacapanes thot shall Sntiute a tading contact betwen 2 This ‘rans tat he Apeement merely sf Soplecnteet nto 2 formal ne which the 10 forma (czas 35) testes a being oder oh he orl that he ton ‘fle yer sted of si apply ofr the Lntaoa Act of 939 enced) aek sft to ssn tat by the campeon of he Aerie he erga Tender ane teceplane te oie, Ie Ueeore eet et all decent contained ate igi entrct av incorprtd ine Agent. Ti inclaer any. covespondencr fone ‘of the Tender nd say conespodence pssng between Tender ane Acceptance. Faragaph 2 ft Apeement po forme Sst no mike expt poi fore 2 ‘hey ms be aed they occ “Toe JCT Form proses oly for formal Agreement thouph not cea waders Nevers, shoal the employer ‘ere lender by tra preity toexecutog 2 formal eonnet thn at tt sage he wll be In fc «contact, An exept ots Would be the ass where te acepane sald “bet fo contact It icrecormended at {his cou should not be adopted, prin ree ny sggeston af ue’ ot Slowing’ the contactor to stat wore. Shou he contractor mae 9s oh ccs 10 ‘he te fot cea him then tne well be that este the pronsoa conc may hae nine int big by the conta he partie much bette hat al nates ol be Steved,ecudng qunits abut the ees, fiance (y the enplover) and sanity oF thee before trp to seep, sd eat seep in clon i sgl em allo {ng up wth» formal sont if que, Te emai in contin Wh the ICE Fos concelngconesponence apply hee ao. (GCM ted tobe sed a3 spe contact, no provaioe bung made for ‘compeingan Agee. (QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE in ll cases, sn scopance which s mide subject anything dos not ge sit to 2 ostrich, ths the may sventate when the mater to wich it sje soa. ee ‘Sxanpl, ian aseptance e made sbjet to planning perma blag ested Contre ‘sul sea an th ep of planing pemien, Say with an sceptasce ‘best to “asseilappom im te Ministry» = This psc can get to prob Tem tod pry same, i heer ob le "Aecepence wish introduce new terme of af nt ie same tems the ender ote qulfle! nay way te nt ssogtnces at al bt are eounteralle. A eat Would ase shan the contractor aceape hr conn ole, ct in writing a by cont Ths the pratice et be deprecated a big nmacsy, serving no fal Wf owe and beng potninyéanerous Adon, counter ell off th oihal fender, the enpojer could not sobeeqaaty seep I Gold the contactor deine to scovp te source witost he expres agement fhe contacto. LETTER OF INTENT By deinen, tr of Ine pera not an aeeptnce ad doce nt ge He ts conte. His of ite prs ze nd can become daguou i akin nay ay yond ‘ncn an tention. Aay “wrgstion” or equet fo Sart Work or pace eras ete {hcald be vewed wit suspioneven at istrict to do seme ach shoal ot be ced ‘ipo saci by some undertiag ato payment. Tus Weald ts sup & "THnicontact’ wash wonld be ebcred Into the main contact and whe hi sin fet score ered on sown et ‘The ut of goife acceptances a fetes of intent a ato problems of wheter or tot dhe loa nda contact, prolly when thse ave considered in the igh of te fioguent coast of the aries ~ plang onde, sranang beac, proving lan, staring work 98 ate by the contacter ot pting seo to of poeson of ‘te solving Sowing rote: infomation or making peyieat bythe eaplayer Sach onluct may inate tats contact exists, but what fi tems are may pot be ey 0 ‘Stl, Ie el be necenry fo trace Sakowade each sa in the negottion ose xt ‘what oferoroanertferoreaunercountr-offer ha been ney aseped 8 one py rth ther by et sbseuent onde.ACCEPTANCE)WITHDRAWAL “Tenders may be withdrawn at ny tne bere aceptance even where ence apse to op a tender open for urplanee fr astated psn. If hr Soe conieaton sen Fer korsnga tener open (or -bood then ths ayia ul constuteacostat but to eterie, Th wih of ede opertie when itis eee but a ae "Ste i opeaive fom the tine inthe hand ofthe pt system ty Be neesty {Cebit precy when a cepa ae posted a fs wee pra to resengan memento withdrawal re wos x binding coma. contRAcr/PoLicy Cee needs tobe tken to dng beween mtr of contrac ad mats of ple nay bean employes ply to prone frp futon i contat sting more than de year Dn fot the regs case notepad hen ley it wl ot be open, An employer may sho quid tenders nd eran nde shoul ke ‘ren tonto aot qulfestons by exlring ates with he AE inthe eer prod ‘Sritig the qlifeston by way of an teat tesde, Clty, commercial cone tore nate ha an hod be then opt the tendering pod extended in des to reve the prele before svbitingstnder Bots not aleays posible. Thee my, weve, te otnons when a giifiton te anwodale Gept of information fom» upline or sbontaetr aly Rote before tenders ae Cu). Thee may beso ‘och monty svaved that any pb sutborty whch dlmboed or ignored sucha tender (Gravded were gevine and bons fd) could be ope to catia of mise of pub fonts In this ond cer sonnet ee mt be fen not to cafe aly ad con tect A contest mas be conve ley pon the emt ona an ene peley oot of elfen such ei or inodore na rs [ERRORS AND DISCREPANCIES Having ead tht th cant and whet eae, these rem the oss bit of errs witha the documents comping it andor deepens between ie Iany soc nate nay be constd by acne beeen the enploye ad te eontacor, Sot in tha event y dafitan heels ro cam. cer, davings shoul be segue a tating what cequie, the spectaen stating the Gully cf worknatthip ard medal the codtions of contact sting out ‘be ollgtions ofthe yar aod the aloeaton of ike Setween them andthe Bi of ‘Qua determining th moun ely fw problems rn rptng avin and specication. It shuld be not home, that lnse 33 of JET 0 posses» pole (hove ot maneeor) we oF ‘aciptve seeds Ae tear povided after scepance they cannot oveie the ‘esuitnents ce which the contactor har tendaed. Tis pus heavy onus on the il of ‘Guu fo supaly the deftency of scubeg the qual of workmaasip ad mats AD Hoc CONDITIONS Condos of conc are wnaly one ofthe standard" Fame (ICT, ICE 0 GO/Wis 1) or pustiy deste af the iat wo aed In moe cae sore hoe eons ee ‘rebel fo “inl” patented document the puta requements of ies jh, Ciel cat & nnded inating tee to ese tht they ar conactully sound Tr iemorves end so tt they Go not confit wit standard cases by itedocng or emphasing + specif potato that they alte by impaton cates which ae not Inde tobe seed. Tes een to sember that nd oe cis rast ot be ead In ton, but wih ie conor 9 whole. That hs ean bate deste effect one of sandcd foo a perhaps inated in the ese of Neodox ¥ Swinton Pindeury BC 1958 (S BLR 34), Basal Cosruction v Northampton Development Corporation 1995 (8 BLK 88 nd Greve! + Boyan Mele 1975 4 BLR 56) osDerelopinet of lain CCONSTRUING DOCUMENTS Cres are mast be then a canting provisions such at Gaus 2.9 of ICT 80 wach Nothing conned in us Contre Bl sl averige or wosiy the apt "ion or iteration ofthat wich contained in the Ari f Agree, ‘he Conionsor he Ape ‘his conesponds the st pt of Case 12) of he 1963/9 eon which as eased ‘mach trouble nd which ha een aly er inthe courte ve W W Menon Reston Hospital Board Bckrton (1 WLR 907 pet Lae Haden) Elk Inui [Enatev Winpey 1972 (7 BLR 122). Whee some specie new rorsion ee modieaton ‘ofan exsing one i equ i he condiens of conc, shou be male by Way of ‘plementary codon an not ded nthe Bl of Quan If ironclad eon {o'heexen of tepartues othe Standard Method of Mewtrsmen (which ne wend ‘eager tof in 28/0), tee may be sone iffy ia atalino te peo ‘dont of Cnt 222° of JET ~ evn he dpa aeosny ad ened. ‘sean tho contact on mea wy way, however bu tm set he. Poa ccumentton mist general te Tada fling precedence oer gene! Socment (abject 16 Cue 22 ICT 80 ox Conon 4) of Gs 1), Ao, te oma prox (fecntr qua ould be ome td, dat a ce of aga, documents ae (erly conte ps the eon puting he Crud ‘CASE3.1 CLAIM BASED ON PROVISION CONTAINED IN COVERING LETTER TO ‘TENDER “ender ante 1 Aoi 1980 ot rtring coring ee) slows: SCT 6977 with Cues 1A 0 F UCT 80 Claes 390 a 0) delet Tee Sor ice = Pea Fewatlon not iad (onis Eon Yor Edn? Condions 1A to 18 ot spl \ConractotoArhnecifEnginer 1 September 1960 Contract Non for Tere to Cri 4 iid cr tate one fr 250 sons of se reinforcement sapiedand fled nthe Works tan es ‘art of £10.20 parton. Tis hry were, a deleted. In ubiguent i ‘ston th quantity anejers contended that ths wasnt papale a he ‘one! som ed prc ut and contain no rice Placaion Cause We woud however, di Your etn 10 the covering eer to ou tender sn wich we edt or overated on ig te ec UR eda in ew of the steel poatin hw abusing we ad fo get bere we wl ‘expt o Be rebnbrsed the extra cot. We therefore contend we are ented 0 payment ofthe sum of £3,060 ond would be ef you wold le isin the net ert ‘Asie noting lam he eaconsblystalghtorvar he contactor hs ete ‘tele thie sost in isnt statment sa mate of couse and ony whe ee {kee doe the need to enters ate. Ieee he ate ofthe maton bt doe not ‘ow how ths of £3,960 aed at (ts somehng more tan 2803 £10.20),Architect agin to Contrctr 2 September 1980 with reference to you ltr dated September 1980, ele the contact, xmas no provi for es fucuaion. 1 wou point ut the he covering ete to Your tender ma effet ‘quaiietion conta to the regent of the Iiton ty Tender, wish Irae hr qulfictions wold nt be peri. In any case you ie no supporting edence as 0 how the £3,060 eared ex nar do yo tae why 1 wes necessary to ota sel fom elsewhere “The tat punk & only setaing the obvious nd the second x cof poly ith contre. Many suthostin atopt poicy of diacursng e pohiting gules at sosld a eomtactor id it pacenary Lo quly hi ender the mater anno ly te iproe. Whether che pley must be alowed in ech ad rey ese regen the uber very mich open to sen. The tid paragraph & however, que sn Story sh sigs tht aera phos heaters nt eo hil se mold sh app Constr to ArchtectfEnciner 11 September 1280 rey to yar ete of 9 Sept, we ae ers tha your Dep iment’ poly tocttcouree qualified ends bt tee oe ozasons when ‘uliferion i anavoiabeTn hi cae wel emo frm prone of Snr ram BSC ond considered tat f we nr to ret your rarer {toca for completion, we ight wet have opr sel. Ts oso dt ‘ot become paren unt 48 hows before tne were due As we ot ‘hla eur tender apie it which mkt nor een we decided we ad no leratve bat guy our toner infect, SC were una o mest our repent and we wre Od 10 “npot fom Wes Geary ~15 we Informed yur Site Representative at he Ame We ence copter of tne forthe ater deter and the qa ans rom BSC wich we bse our end, Pom thet owl tat. ‘het aifvece is 10.20 por tonto whieh we are eed 20 pe confor (neha an profit which ov re re wllapree iy etal ‘Asin fy stihormard Iter but now eel that 20 perce hi be ded fer ovcends and profit though ee leer qunton tas fete eet what ening what mene Arete Bgnee Contr 2 0ctobe 1980 reply to you lero he 1 Septber an have 0 efor yo that our a ete (Of dest Could the man nota east say why? Psp he dows not know that is sion 15 fet cect. Obl fe hereon why tls so he sul a th on User Aarti hr rar the contacto el ae, wil be wondering whet sts woth lig the mater to stbitation or wheter thre anything ce he on 60 (o Jook forsome wks nthe contt durante o expla) The se of an unexplained "No canbe qua bi fctor in ating a matty wc ‘ald be eat oun nto ala’ ithe re Zomelsence.Keten aet {hat dhe AEIQS des not hee any sl eaten orate ot ue of i round md 0 ‘he contactors nie to peat. The gg ofa explain may elke cogs he fontracor into acepans er pov rome see pt en whch further ees pethapcr lw canbe quoted fn nip owas econ. ”Inve Petnnt partis steontnet Acceptance 2s ‘The pol hae upon which the conti ae eth the corn ets forms 0 a he contact as no refer fon he ener var note 08 he ct a hector fale ope up theater pol Yloreconecing wer (Gee Dans Contactor Li ¥ Farce UDC 1985 AC 596) Archaea ted ‘uanitysureyors cononed eh ach a stustion when examining tender mst check ‘ether sich covering eter stand to form part ofthe sonata, sat let sare hat i psc lee ton the aera. ‘on te mater of pi ceating guid tender, if he lost ted were, 50,00 o ven £200 blow the net an the exa Cr fle ily tobe mole ‘were, 2), £5.00, 0 pas ov he lowest ede woul be oobi the emplyer onc {ada expense of £45000 or £1500 a th xe ny Be) bce Of ned toy. Nhs ich» plcy may be out ob uted on the rou of icurig Inula, pase wat of money (atest if pode mona) ana istics whe the ender a questi ot spar. To adhere to seabed mater oF ini because ope It uable to dstigush + gue om an eg tne nd 0 fave no Beer means of dein withthe late and when Iasi conetion of ‘weak a niet tien, ‘CASE 32 CLAIM BASED ON QUALIFIED ACCEPTANCE (COUNTER OFFER) AND ‘TACIT ACCEPTANCE OF COUNTER-COUNTER OFFER lon te verde fr bug prot datas November 197 eq co plrien witha 21 mort er alumpaum on fem pre bai “Tender td 11 November 1877 offered to ary out he work for £10400 biti a inn of 24 mont ond equal te Ici of brie Mactan Consens of Contact Art initaen — ICT 65/7 Clute 314-F dla (Gee conine TAME noun “Tender dated 11 November ole hse aus ine 23 November 1977 1 av to tnform ou that yur tnde dated 11 November 1977 cept th of £104,600 £3214 bree of teeta ere in exten ont onda the Bl ef Quotes I are atthe tie for comple "on be 24 months bt your request opie fluctuation provisos fo Be Inetuded ot apret a thre general azcoment in the in tha 1h tlre soul opty omy contacts reef ear Further mus point ut that Some of your Pein tes are grt verge. These mas reduced and the exe rbd oer the ei Ine BQ toms. Posen ofthe site hereby en you with eet fom 14 dase the eof steer Whoever wrote tists ery oni in tempting ode with nos ia the Bn tis ‘avai fashion, Te ontact st eon ump isi and in cd ex prone face he Imps of te nde oveaes Ue bl ot sori the BJ shoul be Got th by ‘onespondence efreaecepanes a the covtatoreflred te chneeo eg ending or thing i tence Avioogh tee wis gente apeomet in the ifurry that conte expected to lust two yess ater reded fo one Yen) could be ons fm pice bas ts ws merely ‘sory ed nn way nding in andl am pasha shoul be elt ‘ath by comerponence afr atenptng cor &Ts not ces whether he ‘acceplanc’ has boon wten bythe acest ono profesional department he roy = pcp the ater ethene te and {othe employer Controro Employer 2 November 1977 Thankyou for your ete dsed 23 November 1977. We rege, howe, ‘that we are unable are toh contact eg on afm pric bie ne quoted Ite nso of ree Mucuaton eases cao! Be aged 0 We woul ned ones our pie by £20,000 ‘Short nto the pol ut woul ave ben eter tobe gut towne smouned a fet of, Architect to Contactor 3 December 1977 ih refonc to your eter dated 26 Novenbr I have been nate 0 ‘afar you thar our outst nerete our tender by £20,000 fn ace ‘ube therefore intended orev to your oral ender alain price ‘Mutation provisions em naacted toon ou Dat tha tender hereby ‘eceptd th sum of £106,000 es £2,214 rpc of ermal erase ‘he Band subj to. redizrbutn ofthe exenie pie fr panies, "efened o pve 2 of my eter dated 23 Neeser 1977 which eter eo ‘cles ‘The orl acceptance wat no sceptance a al bt enuntc offer Deca intox sed tems notin heel tenes. Ts feoposton is pneraly wel under. bat Skat may not besa wl andatond i ats cote fer “lof the ein fe, ‘wich arodney no longer pen fr seoxpance. The scandent her Counter offer forthe sun es. As he oxi szeptnce’ sow easel, he poston a 9 posalon of sitet somewhat gee Connector to Arce December 977 ‘hank ys for your etter dated 3 December 1977 regretted that we ‘aino pesto prcee wth hs conact on the a of our leer, We mo ‘he earn pig the Blof Qua ut would ptt out ht eter items re undepriced whch more an ef is edton. Further, 0 ‘reat the Peli Temas you requ woul oles dona! font of nce Me ar, howevr, pepe to standby the ofr contained in ur let aed 26 November 1977 t excite the wort forth uf £124 000.008 ‘fim price base Had the actitet taken up the mater ofthe erin the Bf before is asta to ‘expt, th contactor might wall Save sped te coment the redo of ‘veel pina, he arcest ght eng he mater up becuz ving inge 15 they ae weal ial making payments on acount with Inflert elite by ‘roy of ve fc He le weg however, ot ing th to a contin and tng $seemtnt on ow they are Yo be redistrbiee, agus before atempung to scept. The tector eight ying ft wl cxt im mor for adatlonalnune but Ye sk no ‘foto moet the aie pat At et he now mer ah define ofr, Architect o Contractor 14 December 1977 am inact to inform you that my el cori there ng contact with you and you are scorn requested fo proceed without Surber dey.“Tn lt nay ener thee Mang sontat, at ther nonin ofboth foie dvi) hm nay ce hs tes ter compltely bps te qvestion of ha orc on what bss at he psa af the acond sceptanc’ofollving the Cn ‘estore Des dhslst ter amount toacepanee of tat? Aes aout hee wks rom th at eter the conto sts work oie rai os se nen payments mae andthe work evenly contd. Doth sides seem fo hve frgoten that the Iter ging poses of site was cane mig he ‘suey "From hat date dos de contact pe ux” Tas ight are ben important had the employer ated to ecoverigudaed damp. Inthe evn he quay saneyor rodeed al secant whch may be sma sllowe £ ‘ ‘ Comet sm 104,000 Lereorin 3/0 2214101886 Add vation of roe rasan Vasatone td mit 2932 Pewne ald ‘41am omit si sam ast ‘The contactor dpe hi nd cane: ‘ ‘ ‘ {contract som a tener 14,000 ‘sid ete dated ‘ Desebec 1977 zoom 126000 ‘essa a ed by OS age Psu dite aon Anon esi 1 situations sch as this whee thee fer, counteroffer and counter counter fer, ‘hae cases tea dou a to he pint wc contrac comer int ls eae os tm, ints cas he iserdenly a eonnl work wa performed snd monies ‘ld At what pot a it be said thee mst ae eens meting he min? Both te fist and cond ‘nceptane’ ere countefeard by the Bt he xia tender was led off so so nas notin any ease open fr aeceptane. The cont ‘Ser ert were) wa kes ile ff bythe renndacepanoe out we eenely feted in he cntactr's ater of 8 December The rte il ate of 14 Dac. ‘ber was anything but clas Dut bythe ie hare wa flere tbe exept that Dy ‘the cntetr of 8 December 1977, and by alowing want rocend any making 73 sets the ermploper tcl inated aceptanc, if the ache’ eter of 14 Deeb ad ot siady dee oo. On tie base the coneaclor would be enti to the at ined. ‘The pendon ender the ICE Conon would Ye sma exept that te ‘ect ia ‘exten an lat wold bese Snelont upon remauarenent besos oder hat fonctions pealy te sth elton te contact woud be ona esse and va bast dot fra um sm. Had thre bom ross he tes wh ad oon halle the ston might wel be aoe ‘Sich situnons canbe avoided by reshing al mates of eos a B/Q,sdetbion ‘of many ia Pliny Hes or ned ey othr mates equring to be rece before 1 tenders acepted, and then aceping it aga! tender a amended or modied by amespndees) in ipl en witha ntofasng ny ew miter &Pertinent parts, ‘of contrat Later of intent “Two wel ater “Thee woes ates 1 ray sem that sch sitnon aro shou ta they cannot hve append in ny wal epted ffi. The fet shat Ue have ad they do, pricy in thes ere ‘ons where contri ar Randle by nonprtesina™ peopl. In some ess they es oer wth Laat Autores eres esl parton! (patape ome exennced noon ‘eyanciny and loa byeinvs et) sees tt tender be sept abet to cate” buts oso the del ao cae it may ake two ot fe snot efor foal ete is rode fr signing ox seal) by inching inthe sceptanee permis to fat work or ping posson of se Ia soc eemetanesH he contactor doesn ‘aot enter upon the te apd stat wor, sed alowed t 602, then ii probable hat espe te prove Inthe seopianc hore al eons wich he Autry col ole aerator pon tat pro. (CASES. CLAIM ARISING OUT OF LETTER OF INTENT Tene dte 12 Jt 1970 ttaing £2. A06,181 for 2 ew a ty 2 cn Consors of Contact ICE 5 (Bough tiie nt materi So Srna fe im. Covespondenos had paid Stween the engineer and he nde flowing rect of ta tnd, for which Ihad bacore apparent at the stelle Soul reuie a leat nine marth fr der. fl oter mates od bo ‘eee but te employer wr not na psn o sce raning menor [tts whe possectie us. Tho engine wes tear Inte to ‘ard leer oft nt lowing tom ert Conrator Panga 1978 Myce heeinsoucied me 0 nform ou that ll mates concarbng Yur tender hae ben tifatory read thereto fo aresp oF ever dated 12 In 1978 for work 0 toot the contact decurots {oer he tsequantcomespondees Id he Append fh lene, ‘As you ee oware, completion required 24 years bua inte your eter dated 22 Sane 197 diver ofthese ple wil request ‘monte As tema wel be another 6-8 wks frm now before frmal comet can Be sed I gee hat You mig sh pce a ode for ‘hee pea ato be able to take avantage of he sumer tenon of 1979, Ao ple eg renclosed “Should ou wis ose pony par of your te organ nuk ling ond preparing working wv, ecg fies, sore ee hele cat be mate vero you et any tne Contactor to Brgeer 1H Ava 1978 ‘Thank ofr your ltr of 7 Aus 1978, Wear ey pease har ‘hat your cnt nnd to actp cur ender. Weundestand tha th supply poston ofthe ples frher derirating nde ave herfore tak mate pst place on order for Dem. We have ome ting ut cong from another ob which we intend 0 usin th contac 50 we shal be lad 0 tke advange of you mason ‘hat weight srt nme preininry work nthe wortng we ‘An excung of Jats teween contor sd sober stp afi contact for the Sop and delvey of pes. “he contactor dpstces by sea hating ection and ates or foundation and othe pesto wet ome Gt erag at al # ial pg of ment nak a“Toe we leer of nent 2 ‘Thecleey n dsing with hs mater oe corre for the conan of ¢ ete ates aver mich rete. a, homer now ‘nace by yc lf yo that hy hve een unl fo compete ‘atifacory norton wit he promi ners of hs jet. They have ‘eer elctandy come othe conchon ht thy cot paced with. ‘nist 11s undersood that you have some temporary hus on te shuld Be ged ‘you woul aange to ramove het portlet he 12. lero conaion. Connector to Ergneer 13 November 1978 We hve ectped your leter of 10 November 1978 and ert to hear that ‘he pofect oto proceed We wil mange for the remo ofthe hus an the restoring of the ste at owrouett We waa tke tps 10 nel he onder [or he el ple As soon es we know the canclaion hares fo the se ps nd have completed work ste we wil ed ou our acount for hi Bote Werk Engine fo Conractr 22 November 1978 amin resp of your eter of 19 November 1978 and hae refored the smcter to my cles They nate ith cone concen Your roa t2 ‘ender an acount or aberive work an or emelitonchare a one ‘Sth pte ond sr me oon ca hat mp tet ou of 7 Aust 1978 water of intent on nd not fn eceptance ‘hy ae therefore nde conte oblgtion oy i this mate. ‘They se reuet hat you expedite removal of your at fo the tea the lind eto esl 1 he contactor didnot now before, he knows aon ht eter of nen i peage ‘eter than eter ofa tet But io mor the ht et lea em ere dace whotve teenie as ved Ms cla o& whether be Moe tle ss tothe suton. ery he hs carey pred al his eters beng nto fom Islet, but he soul have advised them ia ule strong terms that sor of aeons “The ontctr evidently ect hat nothing too in making farther atten Contr to Brgieer 25 November 1978, Wenot the content of ou ltr of 2 November 1978 wit once and coisa, Your ltr of tnt ote to lace an ner forthe ples ‘daca gave of lent for ore. You al gore persion for Sengupta leveling and proparig working eee We have eon ruck wih the pie pers and they inform us that hey wb prepared to canes! ur contact wih tem on pant of cnet Ton eae of £7295. Our coin puting hut ome andthe prepay ‘wok there up to 22 November amounted 0 £4285 ps charges forthe Its 0f £1200 from ur uary compa, whisk we mus a ur ‘nee and pret 30 per can Ween the cst of dsmanting ond emorbgou uted etoring the stew ot eother £2,300. We shouldbe lato hear fom you som os pone hat yur nts wll cop hte cots &Points of pipe Inte Pertinent partis ‘Ther ite tat one cn ce bo th onion ai except pap pat ofc hate forthe hot nd the 30 pe cant ound on thi tem Ty were coming fee From anther jb and would prbsy have bees patito store smyay ant th job maori ince to Contractor {8 Docemier 1978 1am in cep of your ete of 25 November 1978 and eat ove refered she matter tomy pina. They wish me to pon out hat the plaig of ae onder fer steel ples wo nye acesion an moa yu tte, aration. he terponary as of thet wes penne ony end you ware not forall ive poston. They ar not prepared fo cep any pat ofthe cost clad hypo fe tok i he engines sing pressed by hilt. tobe hoped that be ha sae cl to hem Bat ho af eons uf, Sabet and nfs hot, ‘hen the hth may loo x cet. Wu an the contactor do? I's ite cra on the coneponcencs tht agen ‘was me and he chow to take acto, Hal the leis of intent sid you ar eons Fright have ben bt bette, thowgh potlg le th You ae nstacted” weld relly Ine been safe. Ever the, it aly mecesary tous & eter of ths Kind mest be ‘ler not only tat the eee being quired tod seething tao that he wl Be pid I he contactor requ tod sone wot ot sta it orm bby tent Tete of inter mast e eer an must eont tan offer which open tothe contactor ‘0 acept and thos it ups minicontc. Soul the mn conrart eens at, hit Iinbcontact wil be abiored and dgppae. Should the msn conta ot paced hen {he mincntet ema nis ws ph and can et ah In tis ct, m fain opt the cntactoe mit try to rch the employe som science by wy of chm fv ex grt payrent, ely of iat costs, By ding he fof ecate diting tat he eno contra ox common Iw gh ane sy sing mening more tngble tan sympathy Frm te viene web oul era he ‘Bould wo tes chance ey Soe Tarif Rega ttn Mit 9 BLE 20. ‘CASE 34 CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ERRORS IN BILLS OF QUANTITIES (Bung Fors and Neth of Nesreent) Contec fr the ein of arth 8 nnn Te cits mpi Drawings no Spcteation), Candins of Cana JCT 63/77 rting Clu SF (rio laser by forall, ils Ouse sed (on Sander Mato of harramant ton 6979), “onder date 1 Bay 1070 inte sm £52,500. NOt of 8/0 £482.76) ‘Tine for completion 21 mone ‘Acsptnc dt 7 June. Formal contact eecited 14 Jone 1978, using 197911980 in the couse of pepsing statements fr inti payments, measuring and arting pies for vitons and preparing the fia aceon, te contactor dew ‘tention Cosmin of (vst he enered) evorsin he Bs of Quantes. The ere ‘aed fist ly nth ora cue of event, bat wher th mater war at al complex ‘esore wetan evidence ae aed for thereat a exsange a ate Al testi ‘vee eventual ecied ant ped without bag ten formally sed acne, yt ‘neach ee there was fra whe slack of reement an ows, eck, si, Attention drawn othe flowing anes of the Contions of Contact which ae =Development of elas Py Cais 1— The contactor hal cry out We Woks swe upon te ‘onoet Drawings sa dso by or fered ton he Contact il ‘la 121) ~ Te ality ae quay of he wor nad i the Contact “Sm hal be dese tb tat whi neu in the Contract ils leh Dit uss xherin exe ene in ac fay sei ts be deme to hove been prep in aosondarce with the Sanda Method Ct erement th Editon «txt sve forsl othng contin {he Cant Bits sl res ety, or affect In ony way whaone: {he opltaon or Intepettion os whic sented tesa Coa (2) — Any ero in dnerigtin or gun nor mision fom the Contact| ite». be ames aed Snare a eroonrque bythe chet. (0) Decrepany sto quay of concrete “Te Mt mati at Sve was he realy dnp one of «crepancy between th Top sd he B/G Ta fomer indicted te cuaty of ceo enforced cont Roos ‘beat abe 23P ae BS S327 ba te Bs pve the micas "C2OP a BS 5928/76 “The matte was led feta ate ating when the contactor’ apa aked which gly cf ence he was ota, whieh gle reply Asshewn one dvi ‘Ths spat wat not inoret in puiting he quoton tis way becuse of te worn of cause #1) ofthe Condens whch rms the contactor ary ot the Wonk ‘Santbed Uy ox tf to In te Cott Bil” Neraly 06 shoo be abl ost hat Swot Ge eared atin seordnce with te denwng and speciation bt, athe ornct of theater, ils hve tended coset spelen so, Cae 12 othe Conde tier tothe "gay an gual of wrk includ in he Contac Sm “Te male ofan nested at wed by the contactors OS with these QS, who pind oat that before he oul el wie the ter the contactor eee ope aie fotheavehtet, yer Cee 1). “Acottly the mater ad teen aod (and probably minutes) at the te mening bus ot eno. In hs an the mate ey tobe cigutd, bt a ene Pncple ithe Condit ny the Comtaetor al ve ele den Be ede clptin todo so; ani in seston soa ed Moa nels ihe dows not comely. CConmator to Archit 8 Aug 1979 ‘A the sie meeting on 3 Aut we pote out he derepancy eves heats nd 0 respect of the quiy of eonrete be ued the [pended floors othe Mechonce Block. You nsaced wo we concrete ‘nl C2SP ti a crepany win the meng of se 12) othe ‘Condon we sol be ie if yu woul oct tere our writer oto conor th mtr on conf ou sro. Aphtct 2 Convactr 10 Auge 1979 any 1.08: Wid ference to you ete dated 8 Aut, confi at ou ae reared tne concretely C2SP forthe warhowse floors es ewe ‘he drones, ‘The quant saver wil desl with the matte ofthe rate “The mater washen taken op vee te QS aed contactor QS. The B/Q se flows: ® eoa Ian: Cont Grade C208 a BS 5328/95 in: Ginter) 211: Supencl sib 250 mm ek, up siice Fed tresses 250m? £95.60 2. Dap winfored beams of esssectona ea cereing 0.25 0" 230m? ks ‘The contactor wis claiming £1.69 per mfr he alton cst of the 1500 =P £160 £235, ‘The site QS ake the contactor QS for an analy ofthe £149 te and wae gen he fatowing Comracior 9 05 24 Aug 1979 ih reience to ur li for etonl ot wing C25P ade concrete {forthe wrchoute coon Beans, the atonl pc of £189 ha baer ‘ried ers foo Morea quate deed fom BS ee a Difree a digomen ——plys0ess0 seefrmie 50 (cise to oon ent eft 56 = oe “The st QS efor sr uation of the adton of 14.45 percent an 6 pe ot. [At fir eh contactor war dielined fo produce dis Cut, upon ing veusured hat {alomation woul be weatd concen, the te QS was sewn the Bud up ofthe tender pis whih inde he pesentapes Tha te war en soe (©) rorin quantity often for foundations In checking though te tts fr teow intel parpones the cotta ound that the eau of excaon in foundations a gan the B/Q (145 a) was setsly Safe Reference fo he taking of cond that thee was a tor an he quant ‘oul a fet be 1.450. This was early an er within the meaning of Ce 122) td there weal ave been no problem ad he contactor not priced hi itm at = ey low tte (2083 inten of £389 pr). Tine ad ben que befor scnpese but ‘he contacter had slate nt to correc he rate (baba rounded off ender yay, ‘presumably fo make sre of ping the jo ands et he shoul nt ek reat tense) “The contactor would Rave been wit to soe the at bt aes his imps ste Furth, a the coon of the work the ound ured out 0 be much move del ‘han expese The contactor said he was pepe Lo std by the BQ pre wp the mount he jO gonty ba he sought payment of the additonal andy of 13052 he comec mate af £2.85. He ao sought an nts th te forthe whol quantity ‘n't grounds at th ae wat ore elt nn Ne cul have expected “This obily incneé matters ouside the day-to-day angoion of pecs and the ‘contnctr war abe to puts cave Connactorto Quay Surreyor 4 September 1979 ‘We would row you etenton em 128 of he BI veo fr 148m? ofexcanation fr foundations at £0.82 The quantity ein or on your te (Shard a hl Be 1450 Theat of £0.83 ae a ror ant ‘oul have Bom £283. The woe quod before ceptance, when we aed oar to he rate ut ofcourse at hat tne we were no ware that the ‘quan a err ear prepared to stand by our pre for the BJO quanti but lai conected rat of £2.83 for thao any e305 mat £2 = £2,610. ‘We woud ao point ou that he ground wr muck more dfs ‘han we cou portly have expec, bg are ung bis ‘ihn of old sel ar anon. The Borehole showed no Incearon of hand we lion tion £2 perm 2.900 o 5310 ae Quanity Surayor to Architect September 1929 ‘The conrator hat entered lan totaling £3,310 nconnetion wih she excton for foundations ems he atch ter. ‘he qu for lem 12 shoul hae Bee 1.50, but war incre ‘ype 145. Te conractor le eso ete the xia 1305 re fog 1.08218 ‘Rez the torreon’ of the ate hey hws ued before axcptnce ut they chet edere toe Thy could hve comected thon Ines adhered oor odor pie hd hy bas odo sa It uifor ‘ist but nour pon iat comes wth the provisions of Cs 13 {rte Contos under which sch or camot be comet, We hrfore Propone tore spar of heen. Regarding the df of exonaton, we understand from the Clerk of kr that te contractor's statment conect a io ft He has, hee, ot quted any proon of the contact under which he ling ene ‘ment In our vew thereto such rorbion No ration pov a {lot that Clause 116 doesnot apply. The Method of Menuet ‘ees rock to be mene partly butler the teil ot rock ETH nt een concrete or bcowor fe he mas, tu rabble and ddr. We recommend hs part of the ci ao Be eft. Archie © Quanity Siar 205eptonber 1979 From the aie conta i your eter dated 7 September 1979 ace would be nae ery ony pent Beyond £1,083.15. Quoi Super 0 Contactor 2Septenbo 1979 ‘nt reference your in nest ofthe foundation excnton hae fo norm yo tat he quan of ter 12 il be coed fod 1.305 11085 ,05315.Invlew of the toms of Case 13 ofthe Contin the ‘nis of E183 comot now ScoredReeding te difiy of excavation i i ert that no exte payment ‘on bealoned The mateal isnot rok within the neoing of Guce D3. ofthe Sonar eto of leaarenent Paro the Ste Pl shor hat ‘he comer whore thee foundations cer was forme pub TH wat ‘herefores ttf" whch you sould hae made alae Yow pce ‘The contastor scp ths con te fan corer ator an unerpreed item sometines aries in coneeion tone Tha cont, bowen, makes provioas for maison ed ipa Jn he cave of wok of sini cater exceed under indarconitons the bil te ‘hal ely. Eve if the rater or eonions ate ota he B/Q tess ote he ‘mss of the pes pa for red work Ke mst of couse be assumed tha he vasaon i regued ian cna Ps not Sen eed merely tothe rants of ow re Satjet to het is probe tat an nearest pie wuld apy to any van within the tb of Chase 11), (©) Messement of format ‘The hd dai angi th couse of preping te fal seotunt concerned the meee met formvosk Yo dps nd fas of foundation. ‘The BQ te For Foundation cont rent em 16 Conrad C1 ie ovens excesing 300 mm ‘hk noch ning Ferma over ces, rent ocazited face and ema zm ‘The contactors OS died tat the Sundaré Mothed of Mesrrenent spate tat such Tomar soul be mead sepately and that wae not posible with conte ‘eed see tara what forwork wa ogi ‘he ste QS rplnd that te word “acide” in the deen a em 7C was ite sla nde could ot ead ‘The contactor orgy ever im flows Connctr to QuontySureor November 1979 em TC of he BQ for cont foundation and manure ici meres. The desi ys inca formwork But we contend that ot ele tude ich a ace em ia cube measiremert. In ay ee (hase FI ofthe Stnded Method of Mesirement requires formar fo ‘tps and fc of fandation tobe meraed sparsely. We therfore ca Rough formwork 610mm ik snd renorba 066m 11.20 1.30080 ‘Quant Sumeyr to Conoator 8 ovenber 1978 tg reference o your lan for former to funda, reget a abe race your contention. caged that former of ths ins ‘aly mean separately ot reed bythe SUM, bu fs ease wet "ot The rong sana hse fours were spall etneo ender (ed you cols hve net he extent ofthe requvemot. The jet a ‘he 04 ws nt comple wih unfrtoate bu maar es be asad tht this aol of delng ith the fosmwork was de beng ‘ded atthe ist mone: and an easy way out of poem was adopted Themed ‘ot advocated but an impetant pit of pei ieee 3”aactor © Quant Sureyor 23 Novenber 1979 eeemnot ere that noncompliance with the SM immaterih, Cuse 1211) of the Coins tts tha the il shal be dea 9 hare Bees opaad tn accordance wih the prints of the SMM = ule thetic cpa stated respect of or peed em." Thre smo saemen? the Bl har hsv any ote te doe ne comply wi he SIM and we Conner tna to de ache matrn he dso Quanity Sureyor to Coser ‘6 December 1979 ‘The requrmen tind orn the tm ule cll ated the ton Surely thar con no dott Inching fron mrt nea “nol formwork’ cana be df be hen nor thee ey pose ambi. Your tat cordingly not eceted Clams on he bs at the Metod of Messement has not been flowed pec are fot uncominen and there is endeney on he art af ome qn surveyor tf at Snvhing hort of Herat compan mat bean er ana onsen the cussetr fntles to payment. The Mahod of Measirement should of cause be fallowed unes thor ac ely cope resens for not ding so but copra ota control eine, [omted the fe Gecpions ae dear ad uanbigious. The Bf a pata doce: Fen produced foe gen stat ond on te ba of Ue wn et of Engh leg one [Rrecton soul ie prcednce ctr ptersdaled doctmans of eet ppeton {he Condos of Contactor Met of Measteen) Farthe,i the Fa sy of Tronpot sve Lord Guest Tam Soul whether iw Stndatd Meo an property te coniered contac document ak the effect of Gee 57 (ofthe ICE Condos) ‘Shae IQs tot ead in th po he Standard Method Thee, howe, the problem tnt Chase 120) of the JCT Fosm quoted bore ays thatthe bis sal be deemed to lave been erpared in aiecance wih the pencils fof the Standard Metiod "ales othe expel sted. “Stted sige someting ‘xual othe il desertion, wht fn eer hss ese noah, eeu {oe how te obvas ad unequocd mzaning of the worl fa i deztption can Ipvored nthe sien of chaste” LConractor o Quanty Surear 20 December 1979 we ey cept the detion conned your eter of 23 Nove, Ive mua, owes, pom au at formwork necsarly neque woking base, Treinen fo that nthe em a hana ean mee . ‘epoaiy. We cording lim pyran for hs em es follow 8 “Additonal excaation ba working sect and ‘lig th stable mater and compacting 678m? at £433 £2,935. ‘urate i made upof he soe rate for exertion (2.89) pur 1.50 fornifiing compete. Having made the point that he word in atm ses what they ey sate ett torefute he clam now beg made. In pe costancs iit be rue that woke ine jac conten a ndapesbly nessa t plang forse but formar lf ean be silt be sn pecssy and both foros and working ace te ‘nscale verte SMM, Qucuty Surveyor to Arcee Ss domary 1980 ‘he cntractor hs coped the dackion a repect of ili for form wort he foundron at ar nw claimed foe pal for working pce for (sig, rat bated tat working pace earl under ‘onde mth. He as aimed on eoation ate of £2.83 ithe orc‘ate ues in an ol, The work howe, of inl charstr ond {cea unde sin conditions oa ied the Bland therfore com Sider the it apple pu of eure payment forthe ei 1 hsefore conser he shuld pi: (678 at £2.33(089 +150)" E1579. Instead the £2 93574 clained You wiremembe thatthe mater of rug formwork tthe ound tio are nly uo day ofr th lt rintd ond to ave Gly Tat “la th iy amening ter 7C with he real thatthe Pequloen for mk ing ae vt velo, Tis ereted bt the contactor longi hat ‘heres another 678 bl pl fo £083, we te employer paying a more thon he woul hae done ad het eon inched he Bs Architect Quanity Sure 10,Jamary 1980 agree we shal have oct hi Quantity Sureyor to Conractor 14 January 1980 ih reference 10 your clan for working space, your eal i acepted inp Bu must pol out at the wore nobel (fares exabaton [Sconce ext iar ~ indeed rly on exten of a nt ‘eed orginal I eget therefore hat hs part of he to wil ave {0 be pid £083 based of £2.53 ps £130 for fling and compacting This reves your lem om £2,938 14 10 £1 578.74 ‘Chute 12 fas been located in he 1980 Eton lt 221 now deals with te ver ig sas ot te Conton and? 2.2 th he peprton often aortas with the SIM; thisisnow no "ened bot ses ae Co hae been prepued = Cause 2.2.22 nowattems to tea any dapat fo the SMM as ¢ mater requingcorecton. ‘ihc apy unis otherwise exprnty sted i of eure tobe ecombended hat {tant method af measrement be alowed atthe 008 fess for ot ding fo, to to alenp to enfoer I by such Discnn tems ein an eae pt Prince (ot omy common sz) uni, dent pel Cngeronn. Cn 11 as "hey ben hey ert nthe Court of Apps (Engi nde Etats Corpor fin ¥Gzo Wingy and Co 1972,7 WLR 122) eaeaecton with te overiig ate of the Conditions (--- nothing coated in he Conct Biles oe or oy ot Mle in ny may whatnee he eppostonointerpretition of tet wh cata fn thee ponaon Thier genset cnr ily In th our lc Ive spate shoul be ance. Any atom to mee document of etl pies ‘on veep docomentei fraught sth ily ‘CoWis 1s sda wo JCT ia tht Condon 41) sy, ls the ease of dacepaney wean tee Conloes end the Spelficaon andlor he Bs of Quant, he pot oa ofthe Condos Sal peal oo no pecade smendet othe Condins ling made fn he BO so longa they cn eal together and heen dcepancy nar oe attempt to grb epree from the SMM, though Condon SI) sys, The Bis of Quant shal be ezared to ave ben eparein seeoréane with the piglet. of te metas of rastement exposed then excep Wine otiurve sted Ts too Seems to ealfors sistent ate han allow lee, samba dsepen tee YIGAL On the wl, however i ther ewer than ICT. ‘Te contactor inthis ie sll fs mgpeved, However, abl has anther shed i bie locke He ow wate det th htc required unde Cie 1100). Contactor to Architect 24 January 1980 fort my chai dated 4 Jeary 1980 exec of the excaton fr »vvortng ee required of former for he oundoion cone Is Soon at maemo stem from he il won err Chase Ta) of the Condit sary arin orion fom the Coract is shat crete nd dered to be reriaion. hase 16) 398 If. the achat of he option tha vrtion. svete tron ners andor expen or which he would sot be einbuned nee fe veaon made sconce whe ules ‘oni nucle of hs Contin.» hn the art al ihr moet’ eran or hl att the Quant Surveyor to ascria the smut of meh sor expense" We foray li tat the otonl contend expense in is conmstion wet 2995 74 tated rater of 20 December 1973 “Tis pat ofthe cli fers rm tt concerning he fonwork in that here a eo it invert tifa hte war no eros wile the meaning of Case 116) “To ate iene the mater fre ith the , who ha to age that the on ‘usctr sci e opi! nd wit thet ofthe cas quote. He dts, howe, pe ‘ut tht the contacter war gn the opportanty to conec he ate before acceptance (Gino not hve lve any esse nthe tender pice On lance i aed Sha he cn eid be sesepod Thee fy however, the gusto fo what consates “ec om andj npn” an hacia quests the quntty surveyor fo look ino hier Discoson wih the contractor ets ht he unable oat the cast of sport cater mos Excinaton cos esta a webu ot atte ovr vas re Te following Hier ae pod Diet con of bur Gachdinglabouroncoss) Peet, flee wasi720 Addit contest in tender te 14458-20788 (62025, At owned an pro 62) 8522 inasen ‘ato of excaatin stmt in el ae 2813s Over" Eager Kawa ae of est (a) in epee af corn (1 430 at £2) (Op nsec of ore el mt (eau) (nips of wong nce (C2955.14~ 15TH asain) 14s600 ‘As the contator hat no unten sytem and cannot demoestat wht the vos ‘ers comprig the exertion fae fart ett culé be red that he aot show the lous or expeieInaved tm eonzecton With is excvaton for working space. Tk ‘would, homers, be mot unwonle 0 alioste the omer Uetvun fhe OWE ‘ctor enung ih wuld ie i 6 BEE, 492435 » 1933.06, as of coune the £1519. egal feed, making ttl of £25228. “This amount was ff nettles and eventual aceped. Qo 4Point of pice inward Pertinent paras nor such a5 a simple dsp between 8/0 and specieaton/avings ae wey (oer problems The tuncard fom make provion for cretion. Prolesca 4i where the pie pat against te (nares) (0 item sites inet oF & onde’ The Inetvod of oven stated In em above woud Ivete egal rat with (ro lading et) nat, ais ner ob refered comtvting» ne ae Regarding evra qnity thee is unaly no probln so longa unit pre core Whee the quay sanded and he pe sigh the OS i perhaps tempted to oni that thar poe shoud apply to te gal an nt to the eorete quan Sati he bl tant is ove the QS ie iely to conse that he ish pce shold spay to the couet quay, but tbe cotter may ook fr sane May of econ "os oven af coise vie ver rts ated Jn general tis probably cnet tose hat the B/ pie hgh row) shuld be pe tabi fo the comcted quantity, tho the ny be open to question whee for re (bw aon the pie aay rete qu per. Departs frm Method of Mesures In he cae of deparae from he Method of Metewemen he rl oud Be ht pro ‘rhe B/G tim denption tr lea ad urambiguoar thi fete and Oper ‘whatever of pele (cs the lar tat partes vers he pene). ‘Win te ICE Conéions thre no problem al he documents ar consted fue, Dut wih CT and GCiWis Ite Contos of Cntat prove tat the conan eannat Be amended by pons ete B/Q CT 80 gor fr and ope o make an dep love ‘eorectabe™ Weae dparars ae peefed by a atest to te eet tat sich {suc ems ent mee accortanes wih am M of M thr il pohly be no ‘Problem bur can aves hapera tat sch assent adversely ont 8 the {cops ns requirement ofthe BQ em may be pee ce. sich an event it woule bees tan seal omy thatthe M of M mat pea yt ta wast JCT 80 ae {0 dof lkety to end toa uch tobe sd ert frm the ore Ce 1 of {he previous etn, Onision to meant COnssion to measure something que by the M of Mca abo casa dey, yet the problem ast be Judged on the save bast. Bl items most mean what thy, yl no Scien con be etautaly compete, 0 what ray be prope and ey ned? (nly i i submited, atts which te contingent and ndipenilyseesy to the ‘wo deere nd ten on» row conston, Een 20 thr mt be ented in {he light of theft he Contos of Contact provide hat bil ae bee ox eto af Meietent so dat where, sy ype of tery work (former) i enely segue fo be messes spartely then twoold rogue dee wads he desertion tolnhde i ther and it would not be coet to lteng tong hat fermen, being ontingely and indpesbly tees to thee of conte cold propery ad fly eve ino aa of depin. ‘CASE 35 CLAIM IN RESPECT OF ERRORS IN BILL OF QUANTITIES (Chil Eng ‘ering Fm snd Method of Measures). ‘The dosirens comrid Dravigs, Spasition, Condon of Cantst {CE an B/C bed on Ci Engng Sandia Metod of Messier. Tender dated 4 Moy 1979, Tenor tot 1,728,148. Tine fr compton a(6) i he cou of mesg completed work i the odinay ours of eens, the on "cor cid tare ws an erin Bn at separate tema no ban roel Si the Bl for sock exznatin. "Hock wa defied propo train the Speiestion fee fil and enbanent pcp. “Th sna B/ tm inguin ve 28e Exerc in any mateiincuttingsfor reuse 380000. at £ ‘Toe mater wars by he conto’ OS withthe site QS, who asked the RE wheter "ook had ben enauntred an ifs whether ay ear he ben made ofthe extent ‘Te RE replied that oc in tam of the Speciation had been encountered and had been ued as prescribed Informing the lower pat of ean enka, The ats Na bee recorded on cavings but te former tt, athe RE had taken te iw Cat "ay ‘tue maa ater 1a sew fhe te contractor edad tat he mut eters a. Conmctr to Brgners Represenaite 8 Angas 1979 We how your atoton othe fat hat rook at end Speieton Cases” hat Been encountered, and fc aed fil embamet "xcoeion foc as hat, heeer, Doon mane and we payment fr (Mat 1A perm reestof 24,75 ms Eraie Represent 0 Conoacior 104g 1979 Your aeton awn the wording of al he exci tome he B10, of which 2 the ag. hee rel i tra of Seer in any ‘mei Seely qui clad on man nothing les an ‘ey a= "ala ost neue ot ny ease no records have een Rpt of hs ‘xemton, mo noe having been ie yond cain Corctr to Biers Reprxntve 17 Ag 1979 Weare ht the oan iy mate would er to Be lest cu at west at hs hata od ean tm te of Quis ‘eich, accorg 20 nse 57 0f the Condon lB deemed ohare been prepand.esordig tthe procedure forth i the CESMM The CESHOM urs oko be mesure early {tas 57 doe contain prov for not following this procedure bait les spite ‘xcept where esate o gene of detaeddesriyion expr show othe contrary Trout ophon the we of he wort ey ‘patra ae nt mf cers temo f am ees patie a are “nbiaom We reed you tee not moe abou th matter ae that yo could ae chested our recon the fre The) ae howeer able or our Inspection aay me Engineers Reprenenttie to Quant Serer 22 Ang 197 excite crmspondence withthe contractor in whch he clams payment {forthe cxcanton of rock nk hs selfesplanatary an would eer ‘oe your opinion (Quant Surceyor to Breiner’ Representative 2 Auge 1979 gee ht inthe noma ea atrial wide enough once rack The ation of he ward fr reuse” woul, howeer, probably Besufficient excuse nase ft mer bt hist adn that the ‘ord ony mater canot bth onc be en eras urher J omer ht these of ster iy matrl a ob osrad the contr hate Bl ame o hae be prepared cordance wh the {CESMA ond ara general ae repent followed. In opinion tis ‘eat at nay ven eae something ee neque ond ts saute erm not bay eile, core ten 0 ere ht eit ther tckeround pia the wna expeiation, thi deparnre expres ‘town In shicae, baaue aIhave inte, emo be tate era here i bigs, Ica have Bom = peter opt beyond el dab ‘ving ay mater nang rock cose teconiacor’ la att Eeactptedn principle eran tor Oromo frm he 0 in ecordance wit Clue 5S Regard the quanti, it ply that he contr dd not he notice cat T saz ou crane for oar pcr examin the ecard ad [Se how for hy com abot met he cnet ord Arai Fly seems to me tha he rte camed isomer high If 304 ape theca pnt wi ak my mom tf ito the rate “rls was evidently done the next eter nglneers Repruatie 1 Conractor 14 September 1978 “Ae dos, a prepares ace yori for epg for rok xenon in price, bu aro Bno hve ha pets xan [ourrecon dreinge Wht here age mess of eee, ou ears frock vel ena ehinage 210 and 7380 dona ape a al wide our have ood a ch vances sti ealteared am of te opinion ta no ‘norton he quantised you cod om be abate. Fan ‘herefore prepare ace volume of oly 22.482 Rearing te pis, undertone of your uly hve Boon ‘zane! the QS an ohare ered ha eh amour wa fa got by riper furharwsdotand haere ate of 1.16 ha een Prone ace. am prepared tosppene ste “Th contracts wat sine fo a th ond quantity bt the enter wt: rgincer’ Representative 0 Convocior 21 September 1979 1 am sony you conidr the volume of 2482 to be understated, bP rut pin out that yu fled 0 noi) me of our netions team Before aaton commenced mut daw your atonton Yo Cine 524) which oo 11) Ife contrctr intend lab yada peymet pursuant fo ‘ny Cia of thee conditions ober an Subtass 1] an (2) of thc he sal be nce ewig or oom at resonaly Dossble Upon the happening of sch eens he contactor all Ese ch contemporary mara aye Ytnabt) Ree 19 ‘port an cla a Ye) Sf the conctr flr comply ith any of he provisions ofthis ‘oae then de conator sal br ented payment brresect thereof ote even tha th engineer a ot ber prevented ‘Pom or outta pred by 1h oven esting the ld‘The ICE Condon ate mach Bete tha ee ICT oF GC/We 1 thi enneton ot secs ren stant extern te the stem, but hte mast be no omy Ie about expen showing the dearae and making tbe em deeipton cb “humiquour, The somal cortaton ef 9 B[Q mt bein the High of the Method of ‘Messuceeat (oe A Fur Mi of Tampor?) 0 at ny ches o:departares can ‘esen o be posite. Ts i ol eu saan ext to or thse wor (nthe ‘heehee te) wl tthe mtr beyond dou ‘The hing note eam importa requement The question ht ben ated to wint ie “emably pos This mutt depend on szumtanze, but la the preset eae Sul soem the ots could Seve Seen neue than In at ews. the enact Tews to Ge ots he am hy compa If the engser sublet stabs ot ercorate th fat ate, Tis hod at at beter than x abrp eo date beyond Shick lama wl not be scoped tal Fit doubt isch ems canbe enfored {Ebay but any ce they doo overeat pci! poblam f coders (© notes salts aed Wye onrator asthe ensure of wong ps8 the ack af an abun wh a reget beste, Contractor to Beene Representa 1 oveber 1979 Ie would rn your stenton to Item 37 lB forthe exematon tothe abutment Bride. According fo the Spetation Cue the hk foe of as wal ered fob steed, bu he projection the foundation hich xention wold normaly Be mae) on 130 me nd vite o pode working sec. We hae dtewsed hs mater wih you ste QS, wh hs refi to mere iodo excsation ich ne ldo on he rnd that CESNB. (rt Note ay thereon exertion necesay to prove working ‘Gece sal ot hemes. Weare of ous ware of his Nor bata he ers B10 eae ee whl fo ing bere those wher woking We doe our tention le 228 Bil art 6 n conection wi the retain atacen ois ge, The wording exactly iia er nd the rear for bok saterig he sre Bu ese De roe ow oft fndeton 600 mon seen to pride working rece 0 = ‘ae romove he ork We theefer cam he mesuremen ofthe atonal exematon and bake siting: 61 Brute for working pace 6355 2163S 45 Bockiing wth table Inarraland composing £240 “$1104 £32695, utes 3.5.1 and 3.52 tate potion, “Tae Bem refered toa fellows 2) Excivate inmate ter than tpl rock ‘rivifichlard mata forsbutment 06m? £355 £18630 220 Bxseaen trl ber than tops ook or sil ard mater Forces wal 1414'm? £358 5019.20 (0m se footing tht exch of thee ems spec in psa Bl Parts which wer feb to vpuiesrsucs an could thar Be end rong th ed for working ace fn he one cue tt nt the ther shoclé have bee apparent (ee CESMM pra 5.11). On ‘hibit would oem tat hs cal shoud be ectedFioue ss. Fire 352 , rgicers Representa to Contr 8 November 1979 14s ponte out ht the requires i ech ee ee cel hewn ont ttn the CESHM i ute unuvoeal abou working space not bla menue I must accoringy et your. Conractor 0 Eniner’s Represnaie 23 November 1979 Me regret we are unable to scep ow deson connection with ou chain for wrk ace We epoca thit Note £9 ays woking pace al! ot be mesure but mat follow tho exes where requed rat be ‘lente from those where nt. When tendering we ddI fact ante rains for he eta wal (whch epee font) bu di not ‘ect thon forth ebuomen onthe saamption ht with te wong the ‘00 ems ae etal. the regurement rat he se We comer we hare eon mid and tht onal destin sould ‘ave ben gene required by CESUM pare 22. ne al contend tha hs conrtiutes on enor ison wth the meaning of Case 5 ofthe Conditions ond we shoud be ed ou would ‘eons your dection 45Ponta prselle “Te CESMM eke point of bei (pe 1.7.2.5 333), bit ala makes the pant in 2.4 tt the ejet of BQ to provide such information aso ember to We prepa fey ml rately and in 2 tat = work hole be temied -in ‘uiicont dtl fort tobe yl fo ing betwen een ses of wovk and ‘ovo he ane ntore carted out diflrnt otis er nay ote: evans Nich may aves fo iffeen eonidetion of ext” Azan in 310» - atonal Uepton oy be peed ifthe ate, leon. or ohe seta characteris ‘Shoop ely ogre ufo. sonsentos of cot tn the ce though Not 8 and pr 5.11 sags that he otctr is ot nts, icin comird thatthe pres ofthe CESS ase uta he prgaps quoted ave hot teen comple with tn hr abigity betwee the to sens bea hey ate tn the wine words fr lifleent content ato ein exo conta fy the constr Ite pole tht i he ever f whiten the eon pofrntun {le would be apled ad the Bil comtsed gas the party pting it forward the enplore. “Tews ae many ine of hind nth CESMM where ty‘ ems a otf fi otha’, of, a et cas, something all ot be metre. na ‘Se eaetispeey to ene ha BS ein ut aly whats queda that separate items ae fot egite (For spol compastion, working ree) hen thaw at coveed expe Inthe decpion of the parent He I: both gles and Ganges tod ose. The ee af AE Far Ltd Mey of Tromport (1985, 5 BLR '538) went fo aration to the Howe af Led (re he Hig Cut and Cou of Ave) ‘th ton of mesrng working pect, The contact in qutston was on TCE # snd fhe" 19S) Method of Mesurenat of Col Eageeenag Quon, Ut sated the Preble of lay prepared Bie and he tts ofthe Method of Measrenent. In hs ‘atmen Las Guest ie he ws double Stardard Mod eas prop be con- ged cote dacement He thong the fet of Cese 57 was thatthe BIG should ‘ern height ofthe Sundar Method ly it ein evry’ ntesis to vod ‘ago proceed to these ngs. ‘ad te RB aed In Cae 35) te outcome ight ave een ie sees tn ican th tes woul (presumably) hae a STF event eae material exept rook forts foundation, 204228 would hve enn resell terms, tn oth cee them cova of pas 613 wold ave appl which etude inter us (dion exomton the conteto ay eq for working pet sd ts sobeegent cing “Th eqiement would hae been opera inte ese of It 37E but no 28, but ‘no potion made a MMR ot Notes for Gass te olay pt of em overge ‘ihch snot operative Soaps the only way Forte contter to Singhs between the Tons sto look atthe desing Vetere eile ft hen dos for every ite nthe [Bilin tho shet tne aval to Him for edeing is uestonabeand whether a cout ‘woud cone pose lo doubt Tate i of cnte the poi thet in eda to comply wth he tar corre the ecttcor mh low for worting spe In bth ca. Neite expe ca be eced Sith ety ba the contacto Bore Hel to soca In this ee with CESNM han ‘ith ORD. Seal the comma felowing Case 3.4 abovesteminet ‘ockgound toi (CASE36- CLAIM BASED ON DEFECT IN FORMAL AGREEMENT “Tender dete 3 June 1660 (ote tat he woaing of ear Ferma stp 25 Sill of uns intent of torte smo ‘ito Gunes, when nade n arn the Preamble eng flow! “Ste renfrement to be spp by te aoer “ho res for Suing sel forcement spied bythe sloye sa n= hte for taking delay frm str, desing, cut, ening oh ng “Thre were thee teri Bll NoS rade tows tos 37 Fikng tel eifeceent 18m on spied ty be Bplay s28t0mer Item 38 Dio. 20'nmda and it 7 stonnes Item 39 Dito 2Smmdam and dito 563 tonnes “tne material wat ele when te Bl wi prepared bt there war a sbetanl delay ote ender wee itl et ta ol ender were eeied hat ta found that lars act of he st! referent hré bees wed on other works sad vas 20 ‘anger sae The lowing cerpondncs took pace Entre to Tender 11 June 1986 Wi reference to sour mde dated 3. une 1980, regret 0 nfomn you ‘hat heater renorcement fo ars 37,38 and 39 of BND S sno ong? tale Wl you tear pease uot our pres or Supping ts ma "al he tem cover beig sl 0 ht fr thre he Bl wre youre spring efoceent. Tendere to Enger 19 Jase 1980 Wi reference your ter of Jun, we conf thet were alto “ppy the neces reforcenent andor prc nbn for the (ote eB No Sea flows: tom 37 16mm pe tome. Them 38.2000" por tome Item 39° 25m per tomne Bo ris prea tender By then of $ ‘Whather or no such 2 etter wa (o shuld hae bet) sent to ote tenderers wel isa septs sve and dow ot affect the problem her In ew of the worn ofthe tenet fom, the ener: wat Said to reler ts iceae Intend” Nohig shea be lntodsced whch kay to gh she to ambieuty a o wheter the corr tobe for sum sum is for ese and vale ‘he tender was otevie acorn ws commended to the employe foray: tance, wih die the fon eons ployer to Contactor 0am 1960 ‘Thay 1 inform you tha your tender dated 3 June 1980 conrcton wid he ener rer of Sune and you ltr of 19am ocep ‘Inavcordance wth Cae 9 ofthe Coniions you are requted oexeute forma contract. Til be frail 10 nfo Saye“6 aut 9 rte: “Te contactor sl when cll upon to do 2 enter into and exeate a Con tet Aprement fo be peared and eel a the ato he Eppes in Thee no doubt tat ath pot thee ea vd contact under which the contactor ‘ne undertaken to spely the reinforcement. Pn 5 ofthe Tender sy ‘Unet and ‘onal Agere rpsed ad execute, ths Tne, gee ah Yur wee seep. {snc theo ll comittes bing contact between us In preparing te forms ‘Asemen, ower efecto the ee of acnpance was ote ed thee was no separate tice to the eouespondence coving he ate, ne was he BQ arma ened. The consacier not notice the omasion snd skated the Arsen det oa ‘Tee simian of the contact wat handed aver 9 othe sf ofthe employes and ‘he contactors gen a ne to the ie. Abot hee month ter the work ha stated ‘he aget wrote tthe recent nae: Agen to Resident Breiner 20 0ctober 1980 Wh referee 0 ens 37,38 and 39 Bi No il ype et us ‘ono whe and hr ea cle he sel efrcoment? We uadenstond ‘om jour stave of that no oh se valle. eaten Eger Agent 23 Octobe 1980 Wit reference to your tte of 20 Octobe, your tention i dra 10 the engine eter of I Jane ana your frm’ ope of 19 Je, whieh You Inet to supe the ee ution. Age fo Reet Bngacer 270ct0be 1980 Inrepy 1 your ester of23 October, Ihave no copes of he lerers you vote ond thy ware ot thaded te contect documents thy werent Fefened one Aaremant dno resco know ofthe existence have, howe, checked with my Ha Offend hey hve ont me copie ofthe eters ofr he pot oa ha thy wren iced 3 the geemen the asuned thar your people had reverted to the orn poston ond were afr all ppg the seal ‘As the osha ben elo on the aseplance ad he formal Aen owed few day tr withent any tutor corepondene abot thst a ise eat 0 Telos thatthe cence ely though he employer ha changed is cad: a the ery lest he should have que st Oboe the mss ha sipped on bth ses but te ‘ueston now s whut the wae cortical poston? Here we have cote nde sa ‘teh prevomaly vote the prov dcumntaon. No doubt, ley, mite! “hich fan be rec’, bu if ssrecmen an be rsced o the attr sch eure to 1Ew would sot be poy. FnanllyImakes no difeteoce tects if the conor ‘spp the stl he pt pd for ing. Dut wht sot he Gyan rom tes avng not ytben ener? Resen Bier Agent 31 October 1980 ik reference to your etter of 7 Octobe, am add the the orn pone feed f ny ltr of 23 Deter war corporate the ace ance andthe respons fr sappyig thee ths yours ‘Theft hat have nol to ups, 1 that hare no ater ‘ut for ou to ararge pe. @inetd ‘The esponbity for he defect in the Apement& Being “dodged Dre Clty the snarling rater aed to ede i)atAgen/RE evel and wold they bow pased Ito er ution’ tenet eer we Nig 8 om the contrat’ Contr to inser November 1980 ne refer to conespondece basen oan ad your RE bette 20 ad “31 October copier ated), We saree the materi cior upto the Ste of aeceptance bt the fc ha he eter af I and 19 ave ere ot ned in Ihe formal Agrectent on that he eter cepa wet at fre ones on one diferent sation ‘Wenoe tat hr not m el ll to be spi 0 v8, excordone ith our telephone dun, we cof we have non plac ‘nde for sip The bet tne or dele wen ge 0 months pla further month {for shipment and dlrs fo Singepore To obs hse av had 9 pay 2 ‘xr $100.0 pe omen exces of prices on whi our qutation of 10 June es based tal of $19 880 on te aos nqustion). Weare, bowery, mor cancened aout the dey whi wil erty aca Me co ‘loa artan count of reeriaton bt there wil be lat wees ‘ery aed probly some duprion and ls of reduty which aloe ‘il iote chou $60,000. We wilt 304 kin lsu wh urate ot ae, bt a the -mecnime we mast formal moi you ofr nein ta ela such os, ‘of suse shou at have hgpene, Su td The date ae diferent and th ene "hanged, bar the ase ttl gre hr, Thece ne doubt ht bot aerate tatne. Both sles wil no dent sndeaour Lo minimise teow repent. On te tsidance hee, however, Sens al vey ied, This ope case whee 8 probaly Josie to sgl de exte S030 ~ tenure more often thoaph to be taken stig ‘Sle thn se fate ce “Te tender an ie acceptance mut eet the areament rachel between te pits, ‘cating any corespendece whch hs intervened as wa in fet Sone in his co) Tos ‘Agreement if competed, mst sibs rect the compl prema cece. Neier FIDIC nor {CE ge ay inestion In thet Fors of Agee ete hat Such eorespor- fence ay osu ota, 8 don, it be incorpo Raferece tin ete of besepane and th indson of hatin he Aor pt tin ide beter toch mates ae det with moe poste. Alteraiely, te eet of sch eoxespan ‘ee st beveled by may of acl nde of te Sons afced Get ‘seen BQ). ‘he employes on ech sie (RE, QS, met ete) mast ech chad the desman to osute that they have the cores eration. may be sub ht reference fo he Secepance Isnt oecesny Inte Apert the emai documents fly ever te ‘litions of bode sds. Be tata It my, there has ben pertinent ocespondence {Rrmat be included one way or aoe a incon ofthe acaptnce(porided sa Stra tit oe ay fr dang@Chapter 4 Claims arising in connection with execution of the work Geseraty st {Coniacor to sny imsit au ‘Work tobe tothe sist fabiteeninger 2 Damage to the Works 2 Iu offre drawings nd ttn st Nonintedsubeontnce = Dette 3 Mate a: AA Grime tht subsa conions wee wore tan expected (lng 3 “£2 Gum at payel onto esoumtred (ICE Case 12) were wore than sel have ben expstd by on exennced cantactor 2 43 Onin ia mapect of wa ened fren contac and vent anetar 444 Clam in reryect of eam to Works toning sewer rs |AS Gli in eanneton with eof ther wing deine tnrrctonr ao methods ot working 0 46 Clam in eonnaton withthe nome of sb-contatorto whom the contr ace as 442 Chim inspect of ctl ofs nominate sb conrctor 2 43 Clin concerning he ay of cation order a GENERALLY In thi chapter it is propose ode with din ering fom chcumstancet mit with the cous of executing the work Pt mor prey, they canern wheter and twat xen te contact makes provsion for sch ccunstancs. Most condos of cota locate rit between the putes and its pneraly a mater of constuction sto whether nd fo what exet the ccunstncs in quan come within the ub of he poss; ‘ther there re ny saperveningeanrs a to wy they shold nat nthe ean {ny provision, wheter tee sey common hw pecdet indenting whee respons ‘howl ‘CONTRACTOR TO SATISFY HMISELE ‘Theft important point in this connec the rgucenen tht he contactor ees ime about wa: ef onder to do. ICE. Cause 11 spall ut hate deed {o have inspect and examined the ste ane sroundig a to ae sight before abating his tender et the nature of th pd tnd subond (ofr a po ‘ial and Reig taken into sseatat ay information in connection thesvith which may ave ben proved by on bell af the Exaoye) te form and naar ofthe th si2 ect ad mae of he work the mean communion with and scans to he ie ted in general to have ote fr hf al pce ifornation oct ‘nce andlor escanstaness.° GWE 1 Calton 2 noch he evel, ‘ith an aed warning that ecm for adtoral payment wl be allowed on th pound (any misundemtancing rmination JCT doesnot nde sch exes porn ‘toe no cou the imp btelaing inormation wo frm practicable ie peop somewhat vag, bul om ‘ctor reutes mor infrmaton and sone there inefisent time inthe ted Slowed for tenting, he most a ust ask fora exenson ofthe tendering pve. On the oer and he aot entded tbs ede ely op infoiaton proved by the empoyer He must make is ovr engin, cone the Geologie! Si, ak Soa expend bo, an i doesnot, he cas the ek etn the ene TCE tothe provsios of Cle 13). \WORK TO BE TO THE SATISFACTION OF ARCHITECTIENGINEER ou hes te he ote aici f the sree, bout how meh at eal maybe very mach a matter of construction ofthe sonnet acumen taken swt In hing const th the ICT Fon, taro prvo foc a pesto sa te “espe sede” which ze prove fer seceptaes lent sano eas Bg snow ths the contractor tendered fr which wl Spend very mh othe Ql ft Savings andthe Bl of Cente, Wiss goo, comprehen speciestion ICE Cie 13 shold presence iu in pact, Bu ihe specter prove ht he ‘ak ist be dane inthe squence or mana in Which the engineer test tan ould ve im ery wie powers inna wa aed othe ete Bed Swinton nd Pendlebury UDC (1958, 5 BL 39) DAMAGE TO THE WORKS. During comsuiton the cotter pone for making good ny dae tothe Wonks Just how fr ts extends wi depend upon the taal conta, bt inthe ce of he Potand ry Mean Far feud thn ag fm say ste whatoee? ded vgient aviation of one of the enpiyer' (be Admiralty) wee (Fav Adal, 1953, 1 WLRSES), Pre v Hereford Cop (968, 6 LOR 647) ao lee |SSUE OF FURTHER DRAWINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS The achletengite ie empowered to aus fer drving and into “om tte fo tne dung the cou of the work IL ws hl Ue ee fod Swen ‘nd Pendlebury tha thi acs at he eet expect al he information on Day IIs lurker hele tat sich deta o con shal be pen atin tine etna al the crcumstanes — icing th conveleace of the eng. The opson bas bse ‘xpress hat ts wi have spinon to ICE Clase 7 or ICT 80 Cn Sb te ‘nde pointed cat whats veasonile wil depend Up my ir. One point nt dri ‘ut in that ce wi wheter he conten Ws ene to comple wih the contact ‘ime, whether he had submited + pograme sd what would hae eon the eet f he fad In any erent an achitectfenger who delays lng Fre deawigs sd tse: ‘ons puting employers NOMINATED SUB-CONTRACTS ‘Nominated subcontracts pos wey comer peablem; the machinery for thei oper ‘tom in both JCT sn ICE 5 combewome (ow neceanty) andthe proven 0 neous onthe employer. Caf eraeraton shouldbe gen fo wheter tet nt etc aerate, The best couse to spell the sequent and incude ti be HQ In he ediary way snd ae the contro o al th bation, nd theca be dose ‘in very mary Gs. The alternate of parte det contact my overcome sone pc bt mbt other (ety of eto sod con, a he eet ay) a gsFenn partl: erect Thu contractor ict to supply ater td workmhip a ceuted by the dea Inglipecieain/B of Quant. Detect, inthe mrs usd In sinensis, ‘ens mates nor workman nt 30 comping. The contractor therefor tech (ly in breach a eed to reedy such reach ont the eno he sana sfc bay pariog. His lety ay continue wll eyord the end of sh pid but Inno longer hate the to remedy ach fet (og kay Be the amples Sevres tote him oso hi todos) (CASE 4.1 CLAIM THAT SUBSOIL CONDITIONS WERE WORSE. THAN EXPECTED (Grins 1a gene apptabe wo “Te contract wat forthe constuction of s numberof bung on rr ts, “The danaments comple: Condos of Contet Ges 1 En 2, Sewing ‘Spwcfeaton, Bl of Cami “Ten tea 2 Ar 1879, spt dated YOMay 1973. Contract Sum £2894 797, Tine for compton 2 yar. “Tove was nla an Aopen tothe Spcfnton «cay of Raporton| ‘Ste Investigations ore hae nd tal pis} 2y 9 sell sonactor sod ‘samples rom he bor har wer befor Inoeton “Te cenrct compres bulk axataton for some swan bulge de ‘od over sere 280 hea, toe nse ome tim feshg| ‘icwation in cutnge ad forming emannert in ail tl. Waal {ram the exceatons wo to be wed I illng under sertin Bulge and in embankments, Ue sure bing deposid in ing srt within the Deuces of es “The O10 wae pasts in ssoraane with SHE 6 but nha teflon ing Preamble ‘seein, Fila nt ipa Filing to bung ad to orm oud ambanrets hae 2eenmeazre in accordance with pa O98 ofthe SM andthe ole ruled desacd ftom the lume of exon mesure in sxoraanc with ar O10 he ‘ene, wot sny allowance for buting er somoacton, hay been bits dipeend on ste win any af the ee ping ares sno ‘The B/0 contd a numberof eon enh inuting some sxoation bu ‘he flowing may be tons rereenatin s fr h cai rconred ‘Exetel nero toil or ock, maxim pth ot xenedng ‘foemtoraduc Inelinforming ses, forbuiies e2asim 082 sogee42 Dio bu resto 400m? 1.16 1670400 "Exe in ar mata excat tpi ‘rock informing euigs for routeeys ‘asimum soph otexcedng 40m 282422 qm" 082 73189008 ito tins > 63000" 1.16 7390000 Fig wt tari Gg rook) ‘elec rom xed mat ‘nate up eae unde binge ww77en? oss 985075 ito in embonkans oots 228aiae? 064 14490822 Depo of apn matin fing sremonsie wostsm? 028 ea5040 3Bren gig Pa “Te fs tino of wouble was gen aa pede progres mesing ott 0818 Jy 1979 shan th Ces of Works omphind of ek af proges The conc then lige ‘hat he mater Beng met wih i exertion wr yee: from what hecold have epee twas very wet ane he doubted whether much of woul Be sary for he Hew, however, mil enced at Dat spe with he at Ut 0 ok wat ‘wing fond int aren of te Loy Pk though o atone rok ws sewn the roan doing, He needed tht rock o fom the obanksen fo rod AA, nich ‘es the only patil acces actos the valley to the mal atthe site where the bul ‘ng and sce rads wee lected, Mest lose, “The Cleve of Works sad tht ts wea matefc the corto bt ke ay et ‘nd been mae tothe water eontent, caving atteation to Case E108 ofthe Spe {Sion (otichsplted lini fori) He un ated the contactor whieh Saving swe ‘ookin the Lowy Puesea. This ws lite satd to be 2016 14778, Toe Gok of Wars seston save ater ofthe sonvenoal ‘No and cked on ‘etn He would have een bate avid oak for the constr rebions fo edn Tntution pointing out that uncer the Condons 21 Toe contactor sal e deemed {ohore sted hills sepuds ensure of We mate. to be eens. Condon dl ot ingrote and vo month tr (19 September 1979) te ema sant on rnd AvA vars ntcomplte The contractor had marae to it some lant {rouse val op mats and was endewtousng o 5t mat meth bling ate fe eating He wes fading, howee, hat the ock where exosed would nat arty hs Tomy trafic a he Bd expeced an he i it woul be neceey to import ppropeite Tas ater. For ths he sequesed 3 rain. The Cet of Woks vf th, eoatanding tat sn te naire of tegen) work which waste contacts sp Siby- He also upd se conser to speed p the work seen at hs lly ely Sage progres about 2 mont tein exetation The contactor ld be was ware, ‘of Bt wold be aking fo an extension of ine. Tn the mente he cose the best way oot ofthe dificly would be to inport material forthe eke ad Fer {hsb ted fora vation. The Clk of Mors rade woud vfs the ate othe Sipeintnding Otic ‘Ain te Cec of Works ost ihe opportonity to peruse or convince the contactor ‘hat i it opinon at lent) i realy eth ota clam 2 tat Being 0 woud nt be ented to an exeson of Une Move pricey i indeison repr sy fr the got of matali sum tat ent se of wher espoc ‘ity is. TS Something he sow hve Telowed vp domes (withthe SO of (5) v0 tat he could be sre of what ne to tke wit he contactor. Homeer, he does, ar the SO formal ofthe stun and sks him fo wate oe contactor. Superinteaing Officer 16 Constr 1700801979 Your ttn i drawn 9 the pete ak of prope on thio end Ltt ptt ot thet ss thr tome abt inprverent aucty ‘Wonk wie farther Kindred no rah toe stant ae he wir monte You atonton ts drawn to Condon 29 concoming you abt for iar damages “Tne 0 wont have boon beter aed 10 mk forthe contactors propos to ensue completion on tine rather than testen glad damage at thi tage. we to berlin dnape erind to ens tht they are not jopediea by fling ge exenion of tine when dve or by ising aristion oes fll to sve caving ot lnsructions when equie ands ompatndiog Ey. In situations och mis is beter fin to ptt potion aed: (sto wine he conto enact o vay oh on ine and () that ef not ntled to an extension of Sine The ontoere seas to thnk he sexe od the Ce of Works ha nt elsioned im, The cotesetar somewhat ele Conractor oSupriesending Ofer 1 Wowember 1979 Weare ces of your eter of 17 Octobr and are re ten eile suprised ati conten You must be sae fom reports of the progres ‘meeting ofthe dies we re meeting wth onsite Not ony ithe ate Pil mre sift ro excae tha we ha ay reson fo expect De sr Proposals to eso the stuation by importing materia forthe embankeent ‘rod AA snd forthe ue of blanket mater pote the rock formation {9k cu ff have not Been accepted an our equ for varios ave not ben me. hve sk or isco f wht You Tue 0 be le te is wet mater! ut 0 fre hove ese ne Insp ofthe fat hat we asta heey lees on tio, we have in ft brought nse lin bast Bate materi ond thee ving Sucesl Mega at for aston oder to cover theater, Weare var ht te obs min lace and have asked he Cenk of Works foran xenon of tine, bu to dat hare ied no reply ening ti we take ron exception to your thet fis quite damages, curse ve ‘ould sony ee Furter, we reer or right li forthe sional ot of excretion cond forty and duron cms y he mag feraion On hich oes the contrtor think that the es eho of fence toate? Ord ‘that the lk of Wars and SO are sot sue of ce roan? Ori et Yeseon tothe test of igelsted damages? He ete is oe abled an be dee oth constrstie te make such cv ae he ay thik he had be done soe ht fave mode a eter iprnion on the SO or alter my have coool tn hs {She wapnot int pods be may hve toast. Supernendng Ofer 0 Conoactor 21 November 1979 ‘Thor f acknowl eep of your letter of 7 November ant point (a) That the feat haing this matel omar for yousves nd you vr informed o ht athe progres meeting om 18 ub (8) That your request for varition to cover he enportation of Bae naira coer rock fomaton ws fed a the meeting on 13 September {6) That you hae mae no formal applaion fran extoion of tine require bythe Condiians of Cot, donot cose you have any grounds for cla nd wou ke kan ‘wha he meade exformaton which you for, Pont (2) of pr 1s pcaps the oly cosaetve ene made It won hve btn bat 0 ‘xis cal necting which these mates cul be dace, the contartot beg ‘sled teste why be conte hil ented to the aitions egos, what pv ‘thought he had oth fran extension of ine afr delay and pn ca nd ‘ing tld why his contedon wee ought net oe alte coud ote pore ‘otherwi,h coulé then beaded to put his nein wrt which oul be pope ‘omideved and not dsmised (sin pte 2) beer even foaled The sco pt ‘oF tat pararagh sgpsts an uneasy conscience. In connection with ci thee sb ‘ciation hat one the probe cay of commensstion, st pting ogee ot cee confor“The lne being taken by ith side Mens 20 fr reguenly met th, and the mati often unble ong ont ths end of the coneet a beyond when posto’ (come entenched and Bot ses i itl vlc In this case, work coisa Chita and dots not sat up asin wt ely Mato the meantime be 80 ge arr warlng abot delay and the contactor gets down 10 Formulating lim ih he satin the ong is Contractor to Superintending Ofc A larary 1980 As we informed you, we have hd to cle down he work the waters mating corto utc imposible We ned eure at 20m ae onto Punt nhc machine ut regu on exon fe fn acordance vt Condition 28 becue (a) gro eonationeave mush morse han we Bad ay eon fo expect: 1 abaence of rockin there ofthe lary park has cused serious daly in ning ccs fo the a contraction echt of cu efor set Plantar by means of ate {el the ok being encountered quite hard iB nce expen the reste i endo dee wns ery ae & 1 thre wo dee nh eof ead deals foe euvert on rood wea {el the wether tru the summer ha been wore than enraged ‘luring Ootober/Novender has bon excep ad. We conser have hen diye by thes eases for aout four months 12 cate anne expect il be athe Teo month before we an rsa! wok. We ae sueiing i saat ter elt forthe edna ccc! toot [Conrarinr to Superintending Ofterr January 1986 hi connection wth earbwort 1 Wehaefequenty notified you te meetings nd in omepondence of the ees we renting in te earthrrt. Dn the Sons {inc Ban work ote we hae be ale do Fs Dhan 2% the total earbwort compared th the 73 expected io complete by he nd of 197 2. The gene atrial ob ecoated ha proved much mora and ‘har much vt ha could hae Ben expected rom he Bore and 3, The rock, whe qute ods one expose he weather tends to Beste underly fic and we hve hao tmpor mater 0 orm 1 Bontr oer the rock aufce We consider thio bee varon Bu no ders bon sed inept of repeated requests. “4, Contrary to wit war hewn on the reign rock we encountered the arr of tel park. We mare eying om Oi to pride fl for he ‘embankment cn road A~A, ach nul the oy pact ces fo ‘hee of the ules and ha aces Yds where other fl materi (palale We managed og sone plot and lores across by mee of porary) mats bu hs as rod compete renga of ou? atcy forthe Job and ha ubtotly incre the length of haul ‘end both put excoated materia ito embankment an th enor fours tn.5. Altes aver han aod dy for hich we have cab extension oft, Dey faramounts fo about fou mont a we extn that Droid can start on Iara ely tht tn il be ‘ven wecke eatach deaf oar lim and we sould pad you wuld ete £100,001 the ex ceriieste respect of the wa aod tf te (e) Addon con of excmation 62.481 ‘Exot material oer han rock ond opsot zens 344503? ar 050 17730250, (0) import of mateo form acess ‘aaisforly rae nse -28500mP at 146 41,510.00, (c) Increase het for depos of ‘mae nembenkment and tee e778 n6a3 S213 s2z001mer020 8440060 (4) Diowpion and deers conte ‘auen on forging invabing 24 ‘eta (©2200 perweek —_67.20000 sa70s1210 Stpeiateng Officer Contactor Samary 1980 1 have to acknowl rer of your eters of $a 5 January 1980 hh ae eigen, ‘Novieatin’ a ste mesg telat for formal notion equ by the Con: ‘dos of Cnt. The oe ols abd Ua ts Bad bem put down inthe sane oF 1977 and hie was adele, In seerowldgeg in svld saying they il be "eh constrain et inthe conten hs be cpa feng misconstrued nto sweating ‘py Supernanang Ofer Coeactor 5 Febuary 1980 ean now had opportunity to examine your aplication for extension of ‘ime ond yur ens 2 Regarding abo conto, yourattntion dawnt Cociion 2 ofthe nee Cancion of Cont whieh ye The contactor shal be deed ‘have sifiedhnsefasrgands... theatre of te mate 0 be ‘xaated... "Part, you were spied wih dt ered from the bore Teles snk and ol pus gone Sub clue 2) ofthis Condition aye "No clam bythe contr wil bellowed on the grou of isn song or mergrettion of sch attr 3. Regarig the ok nl he fact hat thas en fend to ding snder tony trae the me cnaeraons pp, No rriation of the Work mote fr asthe Authority iconcere 4 Regaing te mower of rok nthe area of the lyk sis nde unfortnae bute ou wee rom the rosng ho ore Re ‘wept down nts oer a the ‘ne ok nese om Drang 3201614175 ws sewn only enables quai 0 ile nthe BD 7Point of prnlle Inve ‘nts considered thet Conan 2 pis in thi ese ls aed yar ean [orice ut and yourrequet fore vriton or the onpotation of Tow he hand pope hs ben afte or hat etna hal Yu ‘Sonider tobe ote |. Resin druton and ocaton, it conve ht tires fram {he forening ator ne of lich the report of he Auorty forthe rear 6 For the same ezon am whl grant an extension of tne “This ete is estonbly stfitory excep hat he fst sentence of par sql w ‘ncsy and undemine the elect of the preceding armen. If the aim being ote thn deta of how te ade up ar evant Aso, reference made (0 isemant weet eto he em day i ung deta of he culvert Contractor to Superening Offer 13 February 1950 ‘hat you fer your eter af $ Feary wth och we are unabie 0 are ne based our tender om information you supplied and we cot be expected {ondertak rt which are snorncable Other Conditions of Contact reco hi pine and con shuld pp) hs cot aa. ‘See theriht oat the mater a tor and are cnsiering taking to hnaton. ‘Nor ean we ace vow decion repr extercion of in. n round of faclement wechr love we consider wear ented 0 three month ext Sion nd thn th mse farther month waiting or decals of ns cert (applied fori Suly an no upped nti B gat “The 90 wis wrong in nt dang wit thee mater with the res If delay an be ate ued tc exceptonaly nemant nese then extension of ne shold be gen. The onttcor wil re, howe, bee Yo any Fonpestion in respect of i mes sme con of he Autosy at pase hilo ad water would no otherwise have nets That doce nt ste fob the cze here. Rope the clr, the fat ma Hat The work war sendy dled and, on the ekdence, as ot delayed any fre by the eens of hse deta 1 eas suchas his cons an ot) can apy exalt and sat important to strive at here of th trouble oat wher eons for il In he sn Seton eponsbityin ealy with he contactor a it woud ae been cospet fr ‘into import sty, 10000 af rele atl ahs ow expense to frm the vial Cebsiaent iF tesoned eo had been put pi, Augpst 1979 md auoriate ‘nover pes by eves te ead ef that month “To ‘sumed odin shown a he roving winded uaforunat. Tis quite wrong to put such infooation ona Saving upon sere conjecture. Te oweer,doabt Ithether this would snount to (Snocea) mlzepesetation in fee ofthe provision ‘Conde 2th th contractor deerme thar sed hel “Tne contactor efeence to what other Canons of Court prove aut pat les fe omeing ableton prape be wil take expert an eal aise about the ‘aly of hi im “The jeovson tat the contacter is dened to ave sated Hist town n tsps He ot eed (Ge sme cortand) to bases te slly 00 the ‘ore le dt. He oy tae i for wht wor but any eae so mch depends yon ‘he dations he mt fom ty and thse ae fr hi le. Sls Report ae aey t= onc et fat any pan eve hy re, might be alter of misepresetatonwii he nearing 9 the 1967 At Such Information eau the se source ad dss nt Feeve the conte fae aking ht ovm ngs ae intipton elope foc inguitsste ws epets of neat works opnian of als expert ete he pesion i te same wit ICT although tis makes no provisos fr the costar being demas to hive ssid hie Lgl the eonsator as by tering id he Is wing and hae the epbilty of ding he work, and subecconitios av ray Potent deity of which es prsamed to know ‘The ICE Conditions nae the Seemed” peoion bt they as hve Cause 12 hich Unit the contactors Eabity to anos ich may remonsbly be expected oy a0 ‘xpeened contactor (3 not necarythe ontactr hai. Ts clase Wings problems of itr owe but does weopie at not inthe sconce inte of the Enplayer to eure the conto o erty exten So faras the bore oes il pt conan Km be Boe in mind that hey tarde fformaton only forthe point and atthe ine 3th they were put dan {Conditions bing between them ae a matlrofulgenant Popo, spelen) ‘CASE 42 CLAIM THAT PHYSICAL CONDITIONS ENCOUNTERED WERE WORSE TTEAN COULD HAVE BEEN EXPECTED BY AN EXPERIENCED CON ‘TRACTOR Parson pata ‘The convat wat forth conerution of sundaes onthe outs 8 rang, tlio, Sil of Quant ot of 8/0 £1 428,778, Conan of contact. ICE “Tender dated 8 oury £960. Time for compan 2H yess, ‘eters dated 11 Feb 1690. “Thar wa aa for te inicio of endear 3 Report en Si nwt tins (ore ols a poh by pec contactor and pes rom be bor he maa lie or apenas ‘Tere was lime othe Speifeaton contrng thi inormstion,8 {eto Cae ‘Stimson consiting of toes an probs have ban cara out by ‘Meus ae copy of Report topeer with ample taken fom he bot ter may be mepectd ah Enger ts ‘Suthifomaton sien without guararts andthe Employer shal nt be fl resporible for any acu ne same, Th contrat shal et be ented to ations! payment on he gourd of any mizandeindg| petition nary respect” ‘Such dsdamers ae not unconsos incl engectngcantuets but th eed ado bene {tis ints tobe mach overated. nfrastion gen nah opr rarely fay oven sch case as maybe hy shold the employer sek to are espnsity fd where does be star ary srs he Mitprsetaton Act 19677 If ot ‘eof fatal why gv if Te antactr We pany ese sparse for wh ede ‘one dawson In this cise the mati to be excoted proved to be mich more dificlt han de cotielc ha expected and he eatece a de: Cate 12. Event singe Conmaetor to Eaineer 194 1980 co As has been cued at lego a several progres meting om lt, he ‘excnron fr this underpass proving vr much mare afl han weexpected I smuoh more exenive texte, reuse she lig 0 ttn he round in he ete section oe conti MPG We erfne erly cit pl the extra cosinoied and equ arto order 0 Be sed wer Ce 122VA. ruin to Conator 18.me 1980 In rely you ltr of 13 June, anno cep thar the ground cond tions bing enountr area more than hoi har een aticoted tah ‘xperincdcontactr When tein hd he opportniy fo npect {he Repos on Ste lestgpions and abo th ore samples. Treret am uni tere to ua variation order Conrctor 0 Ege 26 he 1980 ewe spre at the conto of your eter of 18 une, portly ot ‘he ipl that wear ot experienced contr, We hae had any [pert exparoce ni engncrng werk more complied than the resent ne uly apr thatthe Report on Ste nvecttions war eval for Ingpecton bt rey i mo nati ih the tnd document thon ey ce ot ine 0 fal th Code arid, which only ‘heste De wou oo pot ou that a al here were ony four Bore’ pt ov wh eer aint fore jo of hse nd Ice. sets a ocr eater eof hit “The generation of ea in te nston, sally ncompanid by demorutng elton huge ound sot Uno, spsines oed y uafoetunat wording oat, foveal comments Te present ne may be oa ate ‘the cap His beau al he Engueet dene token othe een tout in Chats 12) y ach seh ‘PEt hae tobe fudged ths stun heer te contactor unceresiated the “oul or majdged the gully of the ound aot im tue. Chae 12 requires hat ‘hen pel condos cold ot ronal Rave bee oesen by an experienced one Tht tee weeny fo borers ave been apparent to he sonar ‘then tegen he need ore inet ty the Report he oud ba ied forthe {oderng pera to be ended Te wagner my hae fuses but inthe abn of Feetet tobe essed tat the contactor was pepe fo tender onthe Fst ofthe infortin provid (psy he soul get for Rin n the tine aval. Apr fom the infornaea sipped to Rim bythe employer, i for hi to hate rude hs own nun, costed the Gelogil Shey ceded nor ise 10 want ws ‘equled. reine to Conrator Buy 1980 ‘Wt reference o your eter of 26 Jue, you have scons my te ion mligrefrnc foo xpoenced comrctr AI Twas intending (2 {roe tod poate othe tre of Clase 12 0f te Conditions. Teamnot age thet hore were infos Boe put down. In any es our tention drown 1 Chu 62 of the Speciation. “The cod panera ofthis ely i omenbat pines, since the consenest of the Infomation fa ct bee cle in quton. The ene: sed the pln thatthe co {tvtor ners howto fender; be should ale have des attention to Casi 1 of {he Condon under which “The Contactor sll be deemed to fave safe inst ‘ioshe sate ofthe round sd sb o asi racine an ving ake intoaccount any lformtin whch hyve Bek provided by. he Enpoye). Note nT Ho ie ap (8 eto) he ene es CConmetor te Enginer Ju 1990 We hme to daw your ttn 1 he fat hat the dawn showing the Income eve ae cra. Some tater munca abut mete om here eyo sewn Bead i cee of some ee nese re Weare hesping recone ofthe aston cots inci for wich we tend to mbit aca ae, The contactor so doubt appointed that hs Caste 12 cana ot de the heads way ne hoped and expected He sve ncealy tying to pt the ene in he wiong 5y yng the devin tere. Teh that may beso but ey wel Lowe inthe indy tar Story Undets do at hve soa records of thet eign {nd futher tie ate isroments valle fo lente peel the locaton of mes efor exentonconencee Ino reference your ere of ly, you nat kw fam eevee experience Stanton) Underatrs connote the prc latin of he Sevier In any eet perfectly pombe fo et these afore comming ex ware womed the reer ocurntsthat ees ented I i {ot ther than ther preci ction hich of tpn. 1h shrefore no son that you are entid to any extra pasment, You do rot in ayes inte the lane nde hich ou intend cl. 1s the reference to pesos expense ene aug onthe previous lan’ Agin hte \Sa laos in se carspondene on Dis sujet an the next lee othe fe cea yecanate problem mat ith inex. Engineer to Conactor 4b 1980 1 have 0 sont orl incon enon tts marin t cee war thse exontor the cent etion a contin with and excavation ‘round the nero he ip whi a een acreed. Arango oe ‘eng made fran erchocloi vo inspect hc nba soon as posable Your tein iow to Cause 32 of the Conatons. sdenly th nspton tock place, tt was found thatthe ners in qustion, whist (id, were one arcaelog inet, gine t0Conractor 21 July 1980 have 1 frm you tat he i's timbers encounter ae of no rhio= logs! ters and nara wor maybe rome. Convactar to Exner 23. 1900 ‘Thank ye for yourleterof 2 July. We noe herewith dork shett totaling £1,497-20 forthe hand exon around the p's nde. The {the baem eed nd th he ged By pour pctor oareal preparing can for the delay of one week ining ls of| roucy of wortmen and plaid odstonal sie and general overeat Ie to with oie nose of clan under Case 12 in respec of ei, cbse (mamaly dere ship timbers which oud ot posiby have een foreseen, by on exprned contr. [At Js the contectr on fer gud he asa order fem the engntr on he one and and cnr cue ues Clans 12 on the oer O hat bel Te ene ether fe Ing ite overconfident pve o tetova ore fe erbarse about the estonia: schwsoe tat forthe nxt ter we Sd as alos Engine 10 Contactor 25 aly 1980 Your dao account in pct of hod excoation arc the ol sip's simbers gony exceed nacapebe. MY nsactons were fr hand (eavtion end he nea for he crane on lore int understood. Tes is el hae Ben requ in oy ase fo emave the mate Asta your proposed am fo delay, he remind ot no be chasoloea, tha surance et onl Be reared cont i Forthesane reason no clon ander Chane 1? can be ened. “The engineer mt have buen ema on histo en lly ab some rerenhsite hlstat mst hve taken up Mel oe the contact IP. The engee: anno. Ive een foo pled Io set nd the fatowing el. Conmaetor to Bier 28 uy 1980 We wre exon to resive your letter of 25 ly, The aur and plant tines welled ith your ptr ti sre that he exste wae ‘at hat be rmcved bl ou rt ai that he rane and he oes ee [eine wed grounder apc, To show ow fod, however, eae Preured too crt of £8, othe extated cxt of removal of this ‘rc matrl wich woul ie ee ned Bate. Rearing the del, hi aoe ret ou of your isruction for hand xenon and wes it on eager thecont Sine ma mann hat we havent cl under Clase 12 forthe cx ot dy ond apton ring ou of the encanta of is totaly anforeene pie oben. ‘An concede an do stant damage tothe organ on who beats ‘rite, in the preset esti ener ws conetin hs Geatnet ofthe oral Case cam and te rnlter of he servos and es ly that chat station should be put jeopardy. Tere onharaetaritaly) 20 reply to We contacto’ te of 28 uy. One ‘hn ely su tht he sme ecaon withthe contactor opt the rte back on proper Folin, fr the ext hing one st sun of £44220 (£1 48720 les £45) Tncuded inte ext creas Pllowing sory after & claim forthe weds lay compris fame and pling gone — tote for one mec [Exotng ofthe tan tov on york) ~ arsed 0 othr work ‘toy party productive ey 40% lo of oupat. \Conpetor, homner ese, nd 22 RB dle, elamed a ror ate. ‘Ste omer, tang £1,644. Goer overheads and prof 2 1288 on the foresing “Tee engines gu the enim to the quantity surveyor for invstipton and report whieh ‘hen saya noe enenals monte ote flowingPoints of pipe invaed Pie fame,cmpreor and eument 22 RB exer cana davwork raves not edmable The wort action hae xeanatin) wt contactaly ‘baritone under Clas $1 The wor sve fl tab pub fort fall {ost tang evra and prof. The omar des wr, he ‘hear ofthe donate. Dapork rae forts pnt are perp Oe ‘on ws nor moka The proper oe 08 a fost therefore "epee, whi woud Be about 23 ough rae Labour: shou be pid for at con, eluding of courte al the extra te paeble or ep! of he en inane MP, gard eh ut not pref “Loss of product Is 10 Be hoped the some records were hap of whit there men wereable 10 do from whch the popes libow conten cou be lauesed. 1 atmos nporabe elute choke of rodactty {or the fe man effected oer sucha hr tne, The clined appears, ‘cw bu in the eunstone probaly nt far wr If ts ou of Productviy were mare extn or mare prologed mere oration weld berequeed The conracor woul Ov eniled 0B ald he exces cot = at of producti, but no prof Site overhead enquiry ected he stent ist 'SShad Ben icaded a ‘he tnderfor these £213,717130 11.688 pr wok plas gener or nas and pro 125% (E1780). Investition showed tht the prentaps laine had in et Bee cde ba ey hd been wrongly applied in ths es (ech bag kn 83 pects ofthe ender oa), The coe ites we Nex amount of eer oa (abou Pam, mateadsanéveantnes) wae £1, 101.278 Drie 1 represen 16591 ¢130%£1,271 pw 11266469 1205 for pnetaloreats and profit ented of Ts renee td Sie prot Aswe a conceroe oly ith breast isis 94986 Spot onthe same pee G33 pau Se orehede for ne wos should hele be £1,271, intend of £1,644 Reguding geen owes, emo to be eabied what, any, of hse cot woe Incense by reason ofthis ey Ie doubt whether in thie ying pes can be poted to. The costs of hs fics email nme, Head to tke om po mo al ihe he etry engine or ast seers pad any extn vate In ft fol 0 soe atte can deronte ny extn cote 9 hs atten ieee con hewoald be enided tote paid ott oxen Clase 12 af the ICE Conditions sometime ered tothe contactor shot. This {Yos misconzepdon sa nue 11 pute ery henry ns on hit sy hl eo far ar practosbl) wat he Ilya rest Of cous tee emis an element ef the subjective im these mate but ttl anda, Te fac wean ha a econ has been taken tha tenth employes econo interests 20 t pax impose ks the onieor. Tat bing 2b te wnt ht they oa then he conttor ned fo be ‘eimburse te the extent dt cue cedlon could at reazenay have be oe By ‘mn xperenced conte, The dial it ede the uae are Tee by wooly “taciines ox an unwiingness to implemen the cus Ube ccumatanaewaran a‘CASE 43. CLAIM IN RESPECT OF WORK OMITTED FROM A CONTRACT AND [SIVEN TO ANOTHER CONTRACTOR TO EXECUTE Percent patos “The eomaet wa oF the conttion of aero bling on a exten ‘ot contaet, Sie it en etude tanesing with prion of epson. eng {plating of ec The nding woe slded Io the B/O pry 3: Iresured werk eps turing, edi oteh one pry 262 Provisions Som (Covering opti rt nds Peso for es ‘The dosinens amr: Drown, Bl ot Guantts (no Session odors of Cone 6377 ‘Cotraet Sim €889,021, Contrat pred 21 mont, “Tots of landiaping bil £41.64, incdg a Proven! Sum of £5,000 (te Tater fond by ante for nl attendees prin at £500 end another fer proft The Bil a nude» rea stag "the tsi enly i 0 be obtained fom rater excvted en ste {nd duped or porn spa aps. Sou the cuantty wall be tring to btn tps om sows, Pama al bern fo ich Uattna topes reo dow sania tem {10 F reed (toh wat pon 98 13 er) rents ring a ‘Work on ite ha naj 8 amber of cays defo 2 ately age mais of ‘oan ‘sions, spl of excponly inderen wether i he stun sn waste of 1978 ‘eiey im tution of work by Statutory Undertaker and prolonged love tobi 1979, lesen of being complted in Ferry 197, work wasnt even sostantily com ited na tober 1979, on ae to do fring abd seting en to ex} frst ant Fie mtg Even then thee were nino: items tbe done The wehtect sed a wsion ‘der onitg te whe of the Ianeaping om the conatand let separate contact {Se ipsa fn forthe wer ob ee out ne Flowing yea. Artec 0 Conactr 21 September 1979 VARIATION NO 189 "You ar hereby requestor te whol ofthe andeogping work ‘il Land ts the escted orto BIB ad drogen BD ‘ated om the etaced ay crown. Contactor to Arsiece 1 Moc 1880, We fer toVaieton No 143 dated 21 September 1979 which you & ce th cmon of the wl of te ecping elo me t= - STortsand drag Me note he enter orc a appeared ont Unt commentad eight ete. Wh we have le wor rena 0 Sediment cay ponent of the te ond we mi roe et ots fo bg son ses toto reece oa We mast reser cur lh reer amy rig Wh ay oc fo the work car out under our conte We undertone te lncaping work omitted om our contnct. We therefore eevee right 0 ean compensation in pes of at oxerbeds en prot on i work, Arcitec to Contractor 14sec 1980 Your tention i drew to Cause 29 ofthe Condon of Contract under . wich you are requ ope he execution of work ots, rateanen tr othenenege by the mplayer. Work your contact shu an een Sampled some mnths pond you hou hare bee off hee Bfore Row. 6 Gu Regudig your ih 0 clan componston, your atenton dr fo (uae 1112) of the Conon hh ny Th er saraton nea ‘nd nes he. cmon. ofp wor and Sule 99 The ries inthe Conia Bit thal derrmie he ration of ton one” A reply 40 prompt a oto asin wi ihe tary ie ftucions eis inthe job ‘ih om to svat at he cota action wat nt slopes unespecte, Contactor to Artest 18 Nach 1980 cannot acep your ew of Cause 29 ofthe Condon. There a it ‘he Conner other contract beng rf be employed cet be “employer Ths naseaping work was ot amongst he. Thre wat a Po oa Su forunpacledwork whch we expt oso ores hare {PCSum forthe sappy of tres and subs Bt the planting as mesure nd tare wer carton damage which woe obi for u 0 0 e connor ace your lew gadig your power under Clase 1.1 true that work may be omitted ut on I sin fet not required a al Mont cenot be nate romur contrat and ee 0 her 0 Ot ‘when you sy we shoul have bee off th Site, would dow your ate ‘i to Varstion 154 sud on 10 Daoh 1980 We formally rout an {toon of tine upto 26 Marah 1 cove the work ted. Arete to Concer 21 March 1980 refer to pare 3 of your eer of 18 March, Vrain No 134 refers 18 nal amon af work ad wuld hae Bor te elo a efor dey for whch you re espana ‘he archlot makes no etree Io pus 1 and 2 of he fete of 18 March. aap, rather bly, harsh ave. The contacto ute covet reprint eh {ects poner to emit work snd eed flo see split to far ae he rasan af he wo prevented hm from teoering omnes Sere nd pli he Solna ened, Auge BQ he allowing tems: Enron BU 8 Las Desnage BaD ps ‘andsetrng Provisional Sum 500 Pe Sum ssn00 stendance 300 Pott 2505550 Render nse Tot lu of work ot then the contarior wold be ented to ovens (demented by reference to th ‘Wer but be 228) and pot aly a5 35 lows: Messed work 118 ae 33565 ofwien Zar a16t He cou have expected prt out ofthe Prova Som but Probab not vera ah hald hae recoeped acl oe. ‘ead menue work exp for tela of mover ory (coat 7:181 61) 6Pott of peaine Perinat particle steontaet (cont 713161) hem le ave et the eeig tem $20 sx 5000 238.09 roi on PCSea 2so00 619.70 1m foe the oof meaed wok 0a which to recoup awhends oud be complied by the oustuin of other matin, heme ree forthe yd work ef he nga ine Sd contact ile, bot ooking th rg contac so oy, he contacto oud well Fv atta sot of money bose ofthe thoughts amision of work he was Xen, egading the exelon of ene, the work Smee mye eave seal atthe centri ented to an exenson of tne beyond the date of the order sient to ‘Stable hin todo the wok ates not that ome or een aloft peeous ey may fave fee atten tote contactor. The ons of pro! tat sch a variation wou ‘ave ben ised ener but forthe contractors dy so the ache the mature of the vrai each hat fe aed wold ave bso apparet ony afer the work ad tesehed xin slap, the ties may be sl o sep fut ti fr hint tore Is ‘ny oo ey fo aeuie the employers pti iqusaed cumaps by he Meorsceed ‘Shs ite mate ode. ‘rovion mt he acter engines owes to oer vasitins arin ail he Standard ona, apuety ery de Sst how wide exrenly fet o define i lee ens od hve ev few ats em which pane an be Sought. In Lindy Prhnon ¥ ‘Commision of Woks (1989) te Coat depended up wht wasn te conten Plato of the parr st he outset = ne donb ue, bat offen ie idencein pace. ls however, ie cle tat the contacto seme to perform a the work ded in contac (Gallagher «nc, 1853, NY 45 Ap Di 463 Car Barinan ‘ry tad 1983, 29 ALL 273 (Aastra: Commtaine or Matt RosdsW Reed ond Sart Pip Li, 1914 12 BLR 6). ‘As acral th contactor ated to poten ofthe ste sabject oly 10 an inition or qlifestons sontaine in the cotal. ayo ele Coming ont the site Sit he thee ining a “Tippee to al Standard Forms —JCT, IE and GCE. Reguding tine fr completion te mmtines agd thatthe contactor ented ln auch ete oan extension of te esr fo ene him fo do he work aveled but ‘ing nly fom wl he old oterwarhae completed he wotk Such a ontenton qui urea ‘CASE444. CLAIM IN RESPECT OF DAMAGE TO WORKS AND TO EXISTING SEWER “Toe conte wa for the ying of 6 seen sombre, tone Bont ‘roing aman told wich war onan embnkrert in the main rad was 29 ‘bk aa bu in and lee were nt known with any pecsion. The ‘iw emer dg fo pie une ot twa supe tate section “Toe ociments capri Deane, Specfenton,Contons of Contact (00 4) of Quant xing £728 47 “Tender ded 14 Jawan 1973, Accptncs dtd 19 Febrsry 1073 Tne for completion 17 maa oEvens ing se 1 the cours of ivig he Heding under he bane te was alpine rat tnd Soon totaneaparet tt he ld ever eal ler bone the ning nd aed The hating nar Osada. The RE was ford snd wen ely 10 ‘he contactor ad got soe pump 0 work ut Iwasa that water was netog ‘he easing afta wing pumped at The contacto’ agen aed he RE for insrcons Fonanately tre mate anol onthe opted theca nd the IRE struct the convactorto top of out and temporary pe th et ne ‘male on there sewer ost 100 mates sway and pum the ellen tai Teel over culd then be appehe ro ow an ep.

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