100% found this document useful (3 votes)
524 views6 pagesAbnormal Psychology
Spark Chart
Uploaded by
drizzle84Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
100% found this document useful (3 votes)
524 views6 pagesAbnormal Psychology
Spark Chart
Uploaded by
drizzle84Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 6
Corr
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
1 Personals: suet experience of sueing
2 Stone! ry has urasual bene (eg bnge eating)
5 Melodoptve ahevie os nares kine oning eg steorn, poor ely test
4 Molton of soll norms: ext beaver hate sciayundesrable
$5 Danger to sar to thar: uly dangerous to se via poo jtent
‘Vimpeirment: cut in carying out every function eg, work, maintaining relation
2 Ditrees:erationa suiering erst, depressin)
3 Signicont rk of pein. death, orimportont loss of eedom (Sl mutivon
(No sharp cig ine Deten neral ane stra
CORT eas aur ayn)
a = a rere
|. Detective genes: cvomosome contains thousands of gnes (ates of NA that fs
‘ence poyholopeal ar pystea development Detective genes may adversely affect cevlop
tment eg. som causes Down synarome
ehovior genes: estoy of nddua ferences in behavior tat ae caused by
fiterences genotype (a persis gene makeup). Typical takes @ combination
{6 stracturl brain abnormalities: ocr en ras the bai hve not developed optimal
. Neurtraamerimbolonces: te 100 Dllon neurons inthe central nervous system (Hs)
fenmarcate by cerca messengers called neurotranemiters, ies ran tara
‘nce. Bolo! soproaches to weatmentfecur manly on mescatone tat address neu
1 Nevraonamifers(e. serotonin, dopamine, nrepinepirie, GABA are eles it the
{Smoptc deft he sm gap between the axon of one and the Gendites of he rece
oF psteyaptic neuron. Tey regulate lvl of mod rue), nd copie uncaring
Fetes aftecing mbaarce nose
‘Number dstrouton, an functioning of receptors on the dendies (he recehing
evptoke: he amon of neurotransmitter nthe syne cle oF vesicle, tat rea
Sores bythe easing neuron
Degradation: te process by which a neutransmte token down by enaymes|
. Hormones: chemicals secreted by te endocrine glnds(¢. pititary. Tey play aol in
{he unctonng of the nervous sytem ann the reguation of Behavior lg. ing sdbes
anc, changes inte hypthaamie ptutary aden [HPAI ax rete the erease
Fanetoning of peurtransmters and endocrine glands i based on both loa factors
ethos used to assess the contibution of ola factors:
{twin studs: concordance rates in manazygev (00% genes i common) ana dayeote
{has (0% genes n common) alow researchers to tease apart pone causes the ene
‘ardonce rae te rae which one tin has the oder andthe other oes too) =
hermes ei tse, ne ret as oso ete
2. Studie of fy Nstor: a researcher Weniles those people withthe dod (pro
‘band, examines amy trees, and compares that informatien with con, to see wat
{ease apart genetic rl erormentl eases
3. Adoption stodie: comparisons ote he dsorder the adoptive eaties s beloe
E 1 omc
[A Payenosymam: refers to he confit of frees nthe mind. Sigmund Feud, te father of
Drrchoonalyi wos th funder of modem pychodynmieteaoy
Peyhic determinism: mort! Mei fle, the soparenty random seqdences of
‘hough are nt rea random but are guided and connected by undeyig motes)
Unconscious metivtion: most of metal Me, particulary wishes, opertes outside
2. The minds organized on he basis of conics between:
id: the uneonscous wishes
90: cong and defense mechanisms
Soperego: the conscience
2. Instnctual dives: red posites that sex roady defined a physical urge and agg
‘on rete two ain stints! ves
{4 Defenses etson Nas ies, ese, an fotaies (bed on hase cies) that he
She eps as unacceptable and that arouse ans, hershe deals wi) em Oy means of
‘tense mechaniame,
‘Defense mechanism: any mental rocess or behavior canbe used o ward of negave
feengs sce chart above gh).
Sa
Prguis
Coa
Keeping unacceptable washes rom consciousness
Reacting een om one person oanoter
ferrin behwr Toman eerste nant
esenirg ociy secepabl ron fr behav a8
‘isavowing a action though, 6 feing retin to ait
Intellectutzation vowing unpleasant felngsby adopting highly esto
luootion of ffect, Keeping ea ad he Veings hey ex separate
Sublimation ——~—=ediroctng naccepable moulses sacl deseabie
beaver
{Pedant te primed segue aardepsreomat pte on rt
Cres etn se een sa es
[oe Ny eee
thm auc owing Bros Sr)
A eobetent aus en etewte tie ete eee spss bow er
1 Gessicl condoning (Peete pig of antigo events makes organs Ian
cS uneondtoned stimu fod) => UCR uncondtoned response salvation o food
UcS ood CS condoned stimu be)» UCR (saation to food
tinction ofthe conaioed response happens when, oer he course of many is
the sound ofthe be sot olowed by ood
ay opens cacao afta ict hepee a etoee es
Poe rlforers: rewards that areas the probably of behavior
Neate refresh tao the abby
Punishment: nopatve consequences that decrease the probably of behwon
‘Thoma’ low of elfec: Devoe olowed by gunehment are weaken, Behaviors |
‘3. Modeling: ering based on observing others. Even the absence of obvious reinorcer,
we lear and tehave by watching and iating others We ae infinced bythe rewards
Cognitive: one’s misconceptions of the word and misierpretaons of experience lead to
bets an Rous ose negate gs Detar malig mare waa
1 ystnctenal eas and causal atrtutons we distorted, so eat. and rato
ta Tne net ht ese on fy aes wan fest
2. eck ans are major proponents othe cognitive view ls focuses on common aio
‘ognitve ied in caressed pallets haung egatine vow of themselves te wo nd
(0. Humanistcfexistnta views oc on mas mavtalty,responstlty for detson akong
{nds serch fr mestng ne. Proponent beeve that aeorders ise when peope fee
empl to conform to patentaisacetal demands instead of acting wth utente
Durst of her cw trv values ana goals. Authenety & mare ape to promote se-ortala-
fom ie ftment of ore's pote
« Socacutral perspective
‘ focss ote act socal ces amt anders nds ct ect
2 Fale of soporte: fan. rec, conn a es of Sess ea overt
ightress anon ates row ves nd hgh thesis oth can od to paycholagea| corr
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
inerrant tae ON TR chy
2. Contains information on ncsion rte exlason eter, urson of order, ad asso
4 ao anes caters at eae dress of ypons ach ea
Wis A categories enol eyeromes i canfguaton faympoms),
‘except personality esorders and mortal retardation
Personality disorders (org-stancing patterns of maladaptive behwan
Shi mental retardation (scent sgn funn
General mea condone
ae
‘hisV__Psychosocil stressors recon sessrs, social resources, sociocultural
Satksowrd a envronmental problems
ev
Bale lot ioe of curen fanoning (overlie atig of are of
Wenn
©: Uneructored: open-ended set of uestons. Format depends on purpose ol tervewer
[ie resoreh vs tener) anon ha teorete! arena ofthe nts
2. pce est on quastonnaes
‘mligence test (eg. Wechsler AGU intligence Scale-Revie. of WAS used
to ere mtigence Guat ¢) base on verbal eg. abstract thnkng, vou
ly and nonverbal visa aby, foematon processing peed ncton
1000 conor rage
Sjtoncton the ender Vial Motor Gest fest requires the rconstcton of
‘sd memory fr desig end can adn the Gags of organi bran ene
TYPES OF DISORDERS
bs Paychotociaettectve meceores
\"Prjectve fests (og. Rorschach; Thematic Apercepton Testo TA: ests ae based
‘onthe theory ta he perso’ inerpeetation of smbequous emf Rood way to
Uncover feng an cont, particulary unconeclous oes
\ Sotreport inventories structures questionaire an reine Sales
3D Back Dopresron inventor)? em questonnae Yesponsesindate Severity
of dopressive symptoms.
+ MND! thinnesota Mutiphosic Personality ventory! ost popular personality
Obcarvaton by thers: observation of nonverbal or verbal beavis
1 Sett-observation patient wack spect of nn behavior 2g. eating mck) & po
es se salf-monoing
Psi
Physiological (EE, 6, £6)
"Fee: electrodes on the sap record the electrical activo rain areas
1 Functional imaging ef. tM, PET. SPECT: prove a picture
functioning of he ban
= Mut-metiod assessment negation of several orl other types of assessments
1 Facitates researc, err teping and static information
2. Hops one search or tology mgacatons or veotment and case management decisions,
4. mons conmon nee iar
2. Categories not homogeneous
3 Condensed format leads to sso information
PT
|. Case sty: a dtalednstry oan nda’ Me an psyetoigel problems
8. Corelotional stdy exrnes sven othe reitorsip between evens o characterises
Cpldomilogial stolen: study of tne equeney and datrouton of eorders within &
puston elation fo demoprepe factor
Ineidence: nue fnew cases ofa sore hat appear i population a specific ime
"etme prevalence: propotion of people population acted at some point in
Point prevlence: number o cone who have the dade at one pen pont time
POaaa ea)
“Ast 2 site of unpleasant opprohension ond tension in which a person fers
Some ype of uture negative experience
1. Specie phobias excessive, retenal fer caused by particular objector event (eg. an
ae blood, yectons eg
° Agoraphabo er of ope, pubic paces beng unable to escape a pub stuaton
' Clovtrophobie fer of cose spaces
© ‘erophobl: fear of nts
2. Social phobia: constr. tratonal fer o speci rEenera stations that vote other
Deon er of scl peromance and Dane oes, lee ars sca
18. Pone disorder: carateried by intermittent ansety and by 2 sudden onslaught of
Symots as pane aac, fone wih pai ceca a Cn BE
nausea, ces pa, dziess, sweating. rmbing. choking ensavons, aly reathrg
2. Depersonalization: ste of feng estange rom os bay
‘3. Devellion: slate of eatng as the wad suroudrgs ae no eal
. Obseatve-computeve disorder (OCD) sure campos to repeat act compulsions)
sno foes wth conte apes Rous ess when ate
1" Obeesione:ncontolab, uae nd repeive thoughts, mages and impues that
2. Compulone: epettive behavior or mental ct that performed to counteract the ds
teszof te ebsesave tough eg, nord washing, count
. Generalized ansity deorder (GAD)
. Pot-raumatic shes dizrder none erin reaction toa traumatic event
1 Sutterersexperone a oe osowing categories ot symptoms
< heaping he ever tree mein, aes of stacks
€Perastetlyereued arousal eg. ange trove Sepig hyperilancs)
ESE
1 Boogiea:
|r-Netotransmiterdyreguaton (eg defleny of GABA n generalized ansiey disorder)
2 nese yoga seat me pope amore a ay ese
©. Behoviort
2, Classical condoning creates fer of non-dangerous events/objecs: operant condoning
|, Modeling (observationa! earning)
Cognitive:
‘Pttsmerpretatons (eg. overestimate probebity of negative event, underestimate own
2 Sense of enreseabity and ack of eaey/cntol, magia king. thiking that
ory or performing compulsion may supestiiouly prevent ered eve
TREATMENT FOR ANXIETY DISORDERS
‘Drug therapy: berzodlazepines, beta bocers, anldepessants
1. Cognitive therapy: helps pions lanyard change negate, rational house asc:
Stedwitn ther anbetes
.ehewior therapy: focuses on extinguishing far by exposing paint tothe eared obec or
‘Suston gradual eg systematic deserstizaer)oritenssy fg. foodie
*"Medeing: therapist models behavior at te pent fears and then encourages the
©. Peychedynamic therapy: adresses undying oftn unconscious conte associated with Eure
Paes)
specs of one's deny consciousness, or memory become spi off om one
[A Dissociative identyeiorderormery Known as multiple personaly daorder =e
rare ofthe oxstone of altar the oer pesca) nese
8. Dissoclotve fugue pesonloses a mam
anlastfor days or ess usualy occur gurng adhd
2. Selecive omnasi: ature o ec some of hese even
©. Depersonatration divorder: eens of tachment stu ane
Pees)
Mood disorders incide chonges in emotional tae, maivation, cog,
‘and somati sloe. About 6 6% of americans [I-14 rion! experience major
depression each yer. he Metime prevalence for adults 2, with roughly @
2 ratio of females fo motes
‘A Uniplar orders
2'ain symptoms for more tan a Week, ve or mare symploms eg. depressed
mood [perstent perio of eling down, so. depress eying Seep problems
» Several subtypes elanchoic, catatonic, or psyenetie features, postpartum onse
casonal pat (eg. swavonc affective dere FSA)
2. yeti order: sila symptoms ata much mis lee fra eas to years
1. Bipolar disorders manic: depression mood swings fro extreme highs to extreme lows
‘spol | mani episode! elevated mood, inflated ansose sl image more tak
2. Bipolar hypomanic episod) som bt much mide; no story of aman epeode
2. Cyt irda aeration of dere
Sukide the th leading cause of daa in pple 15-24, offen ve drug
overdose. Alcoholism often is correlated io sui os well The elderly re mare
ikely fo comm suicide than any ater age group, Up Yo 70% ofa suicides result
from amaod disorder
1 Tvee types of suicide (Duet) 2
2. Anomie: peopi who fel let own by society andor have expenenced major change
Enna
1 Diagnostic cera: refs o maintain healthy body weight at eee 85% of expected
2. Two types :
esteting: no binge ating & ping
© Binge/bure: rear biasing andor pure
2. Neurotransmitter dyeregultion a
evCatecholomine. fypethesis” depression results from decreased levels of
2» Indlomine pata: depression sts rom deed ts of stn
2, Seligman’ teamed helplessness theory: ews fom dops rear ons to inescapable
1 eae od ta np vw ote, ane
0. echt ow: nay oui and chk
TREATMENTS FOR MOOD DISORDERS
8. Peychelogica heap
Payehedymamicappreachas
4. oo cnt el wih os, a wanston, eft mtrpersna sk
Causative factors curl ema on thes
Coe
‘A. Copntve-benavra therapist correct tes and behaviors about eating
18, Some cases of anorexia nervosa requ hospalzation and force feeding
BIrEiu ee nue aad
‘A peychoactve drugs synthetic ox natural chemical ha fects mento
{unetoning le, atts mood, cognitions. molto, or sates of cons
ptsbonce depend nc: inalves tre or mre of th following syeptoms:
'Pysapea’ dependence ndeted by tolerance cressingy less elect om th
Same dos o nreasing dose needed to produce the same efector wlth owal
reduces tps intake of Su)
& imped con on no he saan
2. Substonce abuse: maladaptive pattern due to sudstance use as Seen by one oF more
‘ttn folowing
fis stuns eg unk og)
3. Types of substoncs used: depressants eco, babturates, timubns
‘8. Bolgicl genet vunrabity
{8 Peyeologial: cognitive factors (2 expectation of eet rom anv and stress)
Ten
‘A. Golgicl Sts, dura antabuse er alcoho
‘8, Cogntve-behaviorl treatments: verse lassie! condtening, covert sensitization
‘CONTINUED ON OTHER SIDE $< eee
a
= ‘Srmpter
some icy ang asleep or staying asleep
apes
Primary hyperzomnia —‘scessve seepnase
Nerolepsy tras le sn oi eto
Irons of sae RE Gd ee monomer Soe
on Pah
‘insomnia; di toa dturance nexcadan yt
(due toting or shit n work sehaaule)
SEXUAL DISORDERS
Problems in deste
problen
orousal and/or performance that
‘ond disess, devant sexual actly (paraphilias)
Peery
Wek of seu deste
‘feu in aaring oF sustaining erection necessary
ly delayed, or aban ream (eg. premature
‘cuttin, actin ater minima strstion)
Dyspereunie ge psn vaginismus nvaintary
‘apne! spasm tat prevents adequate ntreouse)
Bone eae)
EE
The most severe csorder of al, schizoptvenia i comple, severely disabling
