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Sanjay Earth Fault Protection Types

This document discusses different types of earth fault protection: Residual earth fault protection uses three CTs and an earth fault relay connected to the residual point to detect low level faults with settings of 5-10% of full load amps. Sensitive earth fault protection uses a ring CT around three phases and a relay to detect very low faults below 1% of full load amps. Restricted earth fault protection is a differential scheme that uses CTs on each phase and neutral to quickly detect faults inside a transformer without coordination. Standby earth fault protection uses a neutral CT and long delay as backup protection coordinated with downstream relays.

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Dev Swain
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65 views

Sanjay Earth Fault Protection Types

This document discusses different types of earth fault protection: Residual earth fault protection uses three CTs and an earth fault relay connected to the residual point to detect low level faults with settings of 5-10% of full load amps. Sensitive earth fault protection uses a ring CT around three phases and a relay to detect very low faults below 1% of full load amps. Restricted earth fault protection is a differential scheme that uses CTs on each phase and neutral to quickly detect faults inside a transformer without coordination. Standby earth fault protection uses a neutral CT and long delay as backup protection coordinated with downstream relays.

Uploaded by

Dev Swain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earth Fault Protection Types

This is the different between types of earth fault protection

Residual earth fault protection: Uses three CTs and the earth
fault relay is connected in the residual point of the three CTs.
Since a residual current only exists when a fault current flows to
earth, you can obtain a relative low setting. We use settings in
the order of 5-10% FLA, but it will depends on the type of CTs,
the burden of the relay on the CTs, leakage currents etc. See it
many times with two or three O/C elements in the circuit, and
the E/F relay (residual) connected between the star point of the
relay group and the CTs. Need to coordinate with similar relays
.downstream
Sensitive Earth Fault Protection: Normally used on systems
where the earth fault current is limited to a very low value
(Neutral earthed through resistors, Peterson coil, reactance, etc)
Scheme consists out of a ring CT (Core Balance CT) around the
three phase conductors, and the relay connected to the
secondary side of the CT. A very low setting is possible, even
sometimes lower then 1% FLA. Need to coordinate with similar
.relays downstream
Restricted Earth Fault Protection: Is a type of zone of protection,
or a differential scheme. You get two types, low impedance and
high impedance. Low impedance is normally current operated
and high impedance voltage operated. High impedance REF is
the most commonly used. Relay connected in parallel with three
phase CTs and one neutral CT. It will look just for faults inside
the transformer, and need not to coordinate with relays
downstream (can operate very fast). With this kind of protection
you can protect over 90% transformer windings. Need to use
special class CTs, previously called class X CTs. I am not really
familiar with low impedance REF, but have seen it incorporated
.into some the new microprocessor relays
Standby earth fault protection: Relay connected to the neutral
CT. Normally a kind of back-up protection with a relative long
delay or many times a long-time inverse curve. Need to
.coordinate with downstream E/F relays

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