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Simple Pendulum and Restoring Force

A simple pendulum consists of a mass attached to a string that is free to swing back and forth. The pendulum moves between two extreme positions and reverses direction, with its motion repeating at regular time intervals called the period. The length of the string determines the period - longer strings have longer periods in a relationship expressed as L = constant x T^2, where the constant is equal to 0.248.

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32 views

Simple Pendulum and Restoring Force

A simple pendulum consists of a mass attached to a string that is free to swing back and forth. The pendulum moves between two extreme positions and reverses direction, with its motion repeating at regular time intervals called the period. The length of the string determines the period - longer strings have longer periods in a relationship expressed as L = constant x T^2, where the constant is equal to 0.248.

Uploaded by

Anonymous 5YMOxVQ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIMPLE PENDULUM AND

RESTORING FORCE

PERIODIC MOTION
The
motion
which
repeats itself after fixed
time intervals is called
periodic motion

The best example of periodic motion are the pendulum clocks.

A SIMPLE PENDULUM
A string with a mass at the
end which is free to swing is
called a pendulum.

TO AND FRO MOTION


The ball moves to and fro. It rises to extreme
positions on both sides and reverses its motion
Oscillations gradually die down

LENGTH OF THE
PENDULUM
The length of the
string from the point
of suspension to the
mass is called the
length
of
the
pendulum.

It is denoted by L

MEAN POSITION OF THE


PENDULUM
The central position of
the
pendulum
(the
starting position) is called
the mean position of the
pendulum.
It is labeled here as B.

EXTREME POSITIONS OF
THE PENDULUM

A and C are the extreme positions of the


pendulum.

OSCILLATION
The motion of the mass
from its extreme position
A to C and back to A is
called an oscillation.

TIME TAKEN FOR ONE OSCILLATION


The time taken for one oscillation is very
short and therefore, difficult to measure
accurately.
To find the time taken, we find the time
taken for large number say 20 oscillations.
This time divided by 20 will give us time
taken for one oscillation.

PERIODIC TIME OF THE SIMPLE


PENDULUM
The time taken to complete one oscillation is called
the periodic time of the simple pendulum.
It is sometimes also called its period and is denoted
by T.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LENGTH


AND TIME PERIOD OF THE PENDULUM
The graph of the
relationship between
length and time period
of the pendulum is a
parabola.
Thus the relationship
can be expressed as
L=constant X T2

VALUE OF CONSTANT
L= constant X T2
constant=

L
2
T

By calculating the value of

L
T2

L
2
T

for each value of the graph


between L and T2, the value of the
constant comes out to be 0.248

UNITS OF THE CONSTANT

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