May 2015

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How the waters will be counted

Tanks & coatings

Screening technology
Liquid-transfer quick connects

Case study: Disposal & recovery in mining

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Write In 100

Write In 101

In This Issue
Productivity Perspectives 4
A quick end to inadequate capacity 6
Water treatment facility increases storage, meets need to
remove iron from drinking water

Paste thickening optimizes tailings disposal

and water recovery 8
At Khumani iron ore mine, high-rate primary-slurry and secondary
paste thickeners combined for high-percentage process-water reuse

Ozone reduces concentrate stream color...12

Reverse-osmosis stream reduced to less than 30 true-color units

Surge of non-dispersible debris impacts

wastewater pump stations 14
Sun City lift station employs screen-technology solutions to
remove effluent debris from narrow- and deep-channel pump
stations

Cooling-system longevity often governed

by heat-transfer fluid choice 18
Microbrewery one example of needs general to food & beverage

News in Brief 20
New Product Spotlight 22

Advertiser Index 24

14

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THE
NETWORK

S O LU T I O N S F O R WAT E R - P RO C E S S P RO F E S S I O N A L S

OEM / System
Integrator

GLOBAL

SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES

Where Technology Meets Technology

A Vast Audience, Diverse Media Options

Write In 102

Steps made toward measuring

mass quantities
By Kevin Parker, Editorial Director

Over the last 1,000 years, numbers have

coming out of the Department of Defense.

analytic solutions, having it all together

been applied to every aspect of our work

If anything calls out for the measurement

and leisure. The measure of time, space,

and analysis of its mass quantities it is wa-

formation, says Mark Cowley of operations

matter and effort pervades mechanics,

ter. We already see the emergence of smart

software vendor, Flex Systems.

chemistry, physics and virtually every other

water networks and even smart cities. Yet

science and art.

when it comes to the on-going colonization,

talking. Its important and more or less

I mean computerization, of lived worlds, the

par for the course, says Kevin McFadden

cepts of arithmetic generalize an enor-

biggest single challenge remains integra-

of scale and instrument provider Mettler

mous amount of experience and reflect,

tion, as successive generations of comput-

Toledo, to move weigh scale readings into

in abstract form, those relationships in the

ers are installed on top of those preceding,

a database for portal information-sharing.

actual world that are met with constantly

like Romes Catholic churches serenely

Thats something we do well, whether the

and everywhere.

sitting atop buried pagan chapels.

application is small or large.

This is so, it is said, because the con-

Its pretty impressive. But you havent

This is clearly the case in water indus-

speeds the validation and availability of in-

Its the same with machine-to-machine

What must be more common and

seen anything yet, compared to whats

tries. To be successful with smart water,

what is more challenging is moving a rel-

coming.

says Gian Francesco Imperiali, head of

evant set of this operations data to the level

Thats because every single human

ABBs water-industry sector initiative, smart

of the business systems. Data historians act

endeavor that numbers have managed to

grid solutions must be seamlessly inte-

as an intermediary in this regard.

worm their way into over the last 10 centu-

grated with other systems, which include

ries, the computer, in only the last 50 years,

traditional meters as well as cyber-security

SAP and Oracle realized a decade ago the

has followed. Now, with billions of comput-

and analytical software.

future wasnt recording transactions and

Large business-system vendors such as

ing nodes in place, the mass collection of

But established technologies and appli-

managing resources, but making full use

data has begun. We have the sheer com-

cations werent meant as system solutions.

of the data, including in ways that cant be

putational power, databases and algorithms

A great deal of restructuring is required for

foreseen.

to analyze that data in ways unrealizable

automation and control, analytical tools, cy-

through human intuition or insight.

ber security and cloud storage to function

uses of big data, super-computing and

together, Imperiali says.

plant-floor to top-floor computing exist,

Computers plus data analytics already

not only beat humans at chess, they tell
us how to play baseball, basketball and
football. And they never bore you with

Many outstanding examples of industrial

including in the water industries.

More down to earth

Mobile computing allows capture of

anecdotal stories about the old days, like

thousands of data points recorded daily

coach did.

and the store of results in SQL databases.

What were saying is that soon it will be

everywhere.

From there, logic is applied to the data

Quantities & qualities

As far as exploiting super-computing, the
oil & gas industry builds terrestrial models
as complex and data-intensive as anything

along parameters that include temperature,

pressure and ph. Automated reports and
relevant work orders are generated.
When a facility has operator, lab and

4 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

Kevin Parker, Editorial Director

[email protected]

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Write In 103

Drinking water

A quick end to
inadequate capacity
Water treatment facility increases storage,
meets need to remove iron from drinking water

specially during high-demand

Calvert Spradling Engineers, West Point,

periods, the North Lauderdale

Mississippi.

Water Assoc. of Bailey, Missis-

The reason for it happening was inade-

sippi, was challenged to remove

quate storage. During high-demand periods,

iron from its drinking water.

treated water was sucked through the filters.

When first established in 1966, the as-

sociations footprint consisted of a single

well pumping 250 gallons per minute,

A glass-fused-to-steel tank
meant less construction, no
backfill but some drainage
work.

This prevented them from working efficiently

to remove the iron and other organics.
Spradling and his colleagues modified

a quotation for a glass-fused-to-steel tank,

says the companys Marc Nichols.

one iron-removal filter, about 62 miles of

the treatment process for additional stor-

distribution lines and two 200,000-gallon

age capacity, allowing the treated water

x 10 ft., 200,000 gallon Aquastore tank

storage tanks.

from the filters to gravity flow into a clear

from CST Storage would support the

well tank. But for that, a tank was needed.

modified treatment process. And on that

Today the association includes seven

wells and four iron-removal treatment
plants. Distribution lines have grown to
cover about 800 miles and there are six

It did so after determining that a 59 ft.

basis, Southeastern Tank was awarded the

Costs sunk in concrete

The wrinkle there was that the price for

project.
In order for the gravity-fed system to

storage tanks, for a combined treatment

the kind of concrete storage tank that it

work with an above-ground tank, the plant

of 3,120 gallons per minute and storage of

was first assumed would be used for the

site had to be reworked to help with drain-

1.2 million gallons.

project turned out to be significantly higher

age. Control ditches and drainage pipes

than budgeted.

were installed. Backfill was not required

The problem at the water treatment facility was that the treated water was shortcircuiting filters, says Stanley Spradling of

That gave Southeastern Tank of Lebanon, Tennessee, an opportunity to furnish

6 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

as a means to partially bury the tank. That

saved construction time and money.

Previous page: Additional storage capacity allowed the North

Lauderdale Water Assoc. to do a better job of removing iron from
its water.

Processings Technology Portals include videos, white papers, articles and

product information on the latest industry solutions from leading equipment and
instrument suppliers. Solution categories covered include conveyors, electromagnetic flowmeters, sight-flow indicators and much more.

The tank was completed and installed

on-time.

techportals.processingmagazine.com

As noted, the additional storage means

the plant can now pump 800 gallons per
minute and store 1.2 million gallons per
day. In addition, iron further settles out in

never needs painting.

The Southeastern Tank Team is profes-

gineered Storage Products Co., producer

of brand names Aquastore, Harvestore and

the tank, helping to improve water quality

sional, with especially good attention-to-

Slurrystore, with Columbian TecTank (CTT).

for 4,000 customers.

detail, Spradling concludes. They do an

The company has several fabrication and

excellent job providing accurate estimates

engineering centers in the U.S. Its head-

as many projects have a one- to two-year

quarters is in Kansas City, Missouri.

Accurate lead times mentioned

Spradling says the association is

lead time.

CST Storage

extremely pleased with the performance

of the Aquastore. The interior and exterior

CST Storage is a global provider of mod-

coatings have stood up well and the tank is

ular, factory-coated bolted storage tanks for

pretty well maintenance free.

dry-bulk and liquid applications in munici-

Besides its fast, economical construc-

pal, industrial and agricultural markets. The

tion and low maintenance costs the tank

company is the result of the merger of En-

www.cstindustries.com/cst-storage
Write In 300

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Coagulation Filtration
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www.adedgetechnologies.com
Write In 104

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 7

Mining industry

Paste thickening optimizes tailings

disposal and water recovery
At Khumani iron ore mine, high-rate primary-slurry and secondarypaste thickeners combined for high-percentage process-water reuse
By Jim McMahon
is critical, prompting mining operations to
explore the most efficient options for water
reclamation in tailings disposal.
In Perus huge mining sector, and similarly in Brazil, stiffer environmental regulations
are in place for mining operations today.
Once tailings dams are a failure risk, near
capacity or unstable, only immense capital
investment can rectify the situation. Yet,
many mines could minimize or delay exorbitant cost by reducing water volumes put
into their tailings disposal facilities. They
would thereby improve capacity and stability, while reclaiming more water for reuse in
Mine tailings are the ore waste of mines, and are typically
a mud-like material. The storage and handling of tailings
are a major environmental issue. Shown is the traction
thickener at Khumani.

upstream washing, screening and jigging.

Location given
Water reuse in mining tailings disposal

Mine tailings disposal, and its impact on

water usage, is an important concern for

has been applied worldwide.

Yet today, less than 1 percent of iron ore

is particularly critical in arid and semi-arid

environments where water availability is

any mining company. The challenge today,

mines employ systems for paste thicken-

limited and usage closely regulated by

whether extracting aluminum, zinc, gold or

ing, despite its benefits for tailings disposal

government mandates for example, in

iron ore, is how to dispose of tailings mate-

optimization.

the semi-arid climate of South Africa. There,

rial such that it is contained and stable,

Nevertheless, mining projects in devel-

one iron ore mining operation has success-

while maximizing water reuse and minimiz-

oped countries conform to stringent water

fully adapted its tailings disposal and water

ing surface footprint.

conservation and environmental standards

reuse procedures to this environment, i.e.,

in tailings disposal, and developing na-

the Khumani iron ore mine in Northern

an increasingly important method to ad-

tions too are instituting significant steps to

Cape Province.

dress many of the environmental problems

require water reuse and mitigate environ-

facing the mining industry. Pasting was

mental damage.

Paste, or thickened tailings, has become

originally developed by the alumina indus-

In Chile, for example, where coastal de-

try in the 1970s, and for the past 20 years

salinization plants are needed, water reuse

8 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

Iron-ore deposits are found about 60

kilometers north of the Beeshoek mine
on the Bruce, King and Mokaning (BKM)
farms, adjacent to Kumbas Sishen iron ore

mine. The Khumani mine is part of Assmang Ltd., jointly owned and controlled

percent of the slurry water by volume.

increase in throughput capacity.

The thickeners operate as clarifiers, return-

Most mining facilities would then deposit

by African Rainbow Minerals Limited and

ing the bulk of clarified water to the main

the tailings slurry direct into a tailings pond

Assore Limited.

plant at the combined hydraulic flow rate

at about 40 percent to 50 percent solids. But

Since 2008, Khumani has produced

about 16 million tons of product annually.

of 525,000 to 635,000 cubic feet per hour.

this high-rate primary thickener was inad-

These thickeners recover approximately 90

equate to produce slurry densities required

After primary and secondary crushing,

iron-ore processing involves wet washing
and screening, jigging, and fines recovery using de-grit cyclones. It all requires

Now in stock!

water in large volumes and the mines

success is dependent on water recovery.
This area is a semi-arid climate, yet it
supports a number of large mining opera-

P O W E R - S E A L

tion and assorted infrastructure, so there

High Performance
Butterfly Valves

is a limited quantity of water available

Manual and Automated

for distribution by the Sedibeng water

ANSI/ASME Class 150# and 300#

management board, says Thomas Du

316SST and WCB Wafer and

Lug Bodies

tions, and an ever-growing local popula-

Toit, metallurgical manager, Assmang Iron

Ore. This created a number of challenges for the Khumani mine, as our preferred
process involved wet processing, but we
did not have the available water.

Rubber Seated and

High Performance
Butterfly Valves
from 2 24 in
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High evaporation rates were a fact of

life and suitable sites were lacking for a
conventional tailings facility, continues Du
Toit, We needed to design a system that
could recover most of the water, and not
lose a large percentage to evaporation.

Thickeners as clarifiers
To maximize water reuse, the Khumani
plant contracted with WesTech Engineer-

High Performance
Butterfly Valves featuring:
RTFE and Firesafe seat design
Live loaded - Application specific
stem packing
Direct actuator mounting featuring
TRIAC pneumatic and electric
actuators and control accessories
-100F thru 1100F
temperature range

ing, Inc. to design and implement a twostage tailings thickening process. The first
stage consists of two primary high-rate
traction slurry thickeners, each 295 feet in
diameter, situated at the main plant. The
first was installed in 2008, with the opening of the mine. The second was added

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in 2012 to accommodate a 100-percent

Write In 105

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 9

Mining industry
for the desired water reclamation.
WesTechs solution used paste thicken-

hour to 300 tons per hour. Volumes up to

in layers of less than 4" to ensure effective

450 tons per hour can be buffered in each

drying and consolidation.

ing technology to facilitate a second-stage

of the secondary paste thickeners for short

tailings thickening process. Dilute slurry

periods of time. The paste thickeners re-

ment of compacted earth embankments

from the primary thickeners is pumped a

cover at least 75 to 80 percent of the water

into which the tailings stream is deposited.

distance of approximately three miles to

by volume from the primary thickeners,

Construction is phased, with the facility built

an area with adequate storage capacity for

increasing total water reclamation in excess

to accommodate tonnage expansions.

the expected 25-year life of the mine to

of 95 percent. These rates ensure adequate

feed two 59-foot diameter paste thickeners

capacity in the thickeners to achieve high-

ing process delivers substantial benefits,

at the plants paste disposal facility. The first

density paste.

Lake says. Not only does it recover water,

paste thickener was put into place in 2008,

and the second installed in 2012.
Size of the two secondary paste thick-

The facility was designed as an impound-

Khumanis secondary paste thicken-

which can be reused in the plant, but it also

Dimensional relationships
The paste disposal facility requires a

leaves less water in the deposit site. In a

paste disposal, because of the nature of

eners was determined from the residence

minimal solids concentration of approxi-

paste tailings, the particles within it are well

time required for the slurry to reach terminal

mately 58 to 60 percent by mass, in gen-

distributed.

solids concentration, says Philip Lake,

eral. This is due in part to enable pumping

WesTechs international business unit

of the thickened slurry to the outer limits of

microns in size, are uniformly intermixed

leader. Each accommodates feed ton-

the dam wall using centrifugal pumps, but

with the finer material of less than 20 mi-

nages varying from a minimal 147 tons per

also to allow the material to be deposited

crons.

As Lake explains, coarse particles, 200+

Accurate, versatile
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Cut chemical costs through
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Simple drop-in installation
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Range expanded to include the
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Write In 106

10 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

4/8/15 11:57 AM

Therefore, in the non-segregating

deposit, he explains, this homogeneous
particle distribution facilitates water being pulled up to the surface by capillary
suction where it can be evaporated. In addition, the beach angle of the deposition

The system provides longterm environmental and cost

efficiencies that few, if any
other iron ore mining facility,
can realize.

FEED

LIME, D.E., P.A.C.,

FLUORIDE ADDITIVES
AND OTHER DRY
CHEMICALS

forces frees water to accumulate at the

low point of the PDF, to be collected and
reused by the plant.

The Khumani project demonstrates it

is possible to build and operate a wet
processing iron ore mining operation in

Explaining a difference
The process is quite different, however,

an arid environment where water supplies

are limited, providing an integrated design

in a conventional slurry tailings dam,

philosophy and sound engineering prac-

Lake continues.

tices are in place.

The slurry segregates into coarse

Two-stage water recovery and paste

material that settles out first at the deposi-

disposal has been successfully imple-

tion point, he says, and the ultra-fines

mented at Khumani Iron Ore Mine in a

are carried further into the tailings facility.

unique installation, by any standard, Du

Because the ultra-fines have segregated

Toit says. Combined use of primary and

from the coarse material, they do not tend

secondary thickeners in iron ore mining

to settle over time, and the free water on

has rarely been implemented.

the tailings pond cannot be reclaimed for

reuse, as is.
The result is a long-term wet deposition with liquid fractions inside the tailings
pond, which if breached can result in dam

Simultaneously meter and

convey dry treatment chemicals
to tanks, pools and processes
from silos, bulk bags, manually
dumped bags or any source
Conveys vertically, horizontally
or at any angle; over short or long
distances; over, under or around
obstructions
Inexpensive to purchase and operate
low maintenance
Available integrated with Flexicon bulk
bag unloaders and bag dump stations

A large 295-foot diameter primary thickener is integrated with a secondary paste

thickener located three miles away at the
paste disposal facility.
The system provides long-term environmental and cost efficiencies that few,

with paste deposition where balanced

if any other iron ore mining facility, can

distribution of course and fine particles,

realize, Du Toit says.

DD-0330

failure. This condition is unlikely to occur

coupled with reduced water content,

deliver compact space use and better
structural integrity within the tailings dam.
An additional benefit is that paste tails

Jim McMahon writes on wastewater and

environmental solutions.
WesTech Engineering develops and

tend to dry and form a hard crust. Con-

makes water and wastewater treatment

ventional tailings have a fine powder

process equipment for power genera-

deposition that can create dust pollution.

tion, mineral, and industrial applications

Studies indicate thickened paste tailings

USA
[email protected]
1 888 FLEXICON

worldwide.

CHILE
UK
AUSTRALIA
SINGAPORE
SOUTH AFRICA

+56
+44
+61
+65
+27

2 2415 1286
(0)1227 374710
(0)7 3879 4180
6778 9225
(0)41 453 1871

can reduce tailings dam construction up

to 40 percent, both in material quanti-

WesTech Engineering

ties and capital costs, and allows flexible

www.westech-inc.com

options for dam locations, compared to

Write In 201

2015 Flexicon Corporation. Flexicon Corporation has registrations and

pending applications for the trademark FLEXICON throughout the world.

conventional slurry systems.

Write In 107

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 11

Quality management

Ozone reduces concentrate

stream color
Reverse-osmosis stream reduced from
62 to less than 30 true-color units
and is used to facilitate organic breakdown.
To start, several oxidative treatment
processes were piloted in efforts to reduce
concentrate color.
Based on pilot-testing results, the city
chose the Summit Series system from
Pinnacle Ozone Solutions, Cocoa, Florida.
The ozone system chosen was selected
based on its perceived ability to offer the
greatest functionality and lowest total
lifetime cost. It is able to match ozone production to real-time demand via automatic
control of the ozone generator platform and
three injection process trains using ondemand controls.
In practice, it is said, so-called corona
discharge is the only practical way of makThe ozone allows recovery and treatment of up to 750,000
gallons per day of water supply that otherwise was discharged to waste.

The city of Palm Coast, Florida, was experiencing elevated color in a concentrate
stream typically directed to a lime-softening

ing ozone in the quantities required for

municipal scale applications. Pinnacle says

the lime plant. It would also be the lowest-

its differentiator is a modular ozone cell is

cost alternative.

calls the "Quadblock." The call has a high

Having decided on the best course of

frequency power supply and microproces-

facility for recovery as drinking water.

action, both project-budgeting and -sched-

sor control connected to four flat-sheet

Water-quality efforts directed at meeting

uling issues were significant challenges

ceramic dielectric elements, allowing for

the lime plants secondary-color standards

for the city in its efforts to receive grant

compactness, energy efficiency and mini-

limited the concentrate volume able to be

funding.

mal maintenance.

Ozone-related innovation

Onward to installation

recovered.
In consultation, Palm Coast city staff and
Sanford, Florida-headquartered CPH Engi-

As is well-known, ozone is an inorganic

Pinnacle Ozone Solutions worked with

neers identified use of ozone as one good

molecule with the chemical formula O3. It is

city staff and CPH engineers to implement

way to reduce color from the concentrate

a pale-blue gas with a distinctively pungent

a comprehensive ozone system. Pinnacle-

stream. Pilot-testing demonstrated that

smell. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and has

provided pilot equipment and process-

ozone could effectively address the color

many industrial applications. Ozonation is

optimization services were used to validate

issues and improve concentrate quality to

the process of infusing water with ozone

the applications parameters. An integrated

12 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

receiving the purchase order.

Lucida Xu, senior engineer, CPH

Installation was completed

Engineers.

working with the contractor

Pinnacle Ozone Solutions is

Sawcross, Inc., of Jacksonville,

headquartered in Cocoa, Florida,

Florida. At startup and testing,

at the heart of Floridas Space

initial system results exceeded

Coast high-technology corridor.

performance goals. Pinnacle

Its work is devoted exclusively

delivered and substantially com-

to ozone design, development,

pleted a fully integrated ozone

manufacture and testing.

system within the schedule

needed to receive grant funding.
The improvement made in water color was clearly visible to the eye.

www.pinnacleozone.com/
Write In 202

design approach culminated

ozone dose based on both

in specification of an onsite

dissolved-ozone and dis-

included Brian Matthews, envi-

oxygen generator, modular

solved-color. Dissolved-ozone

ronmental specialist; Jim Hogen,

ozone generator, closed-loop

probes provide feedback to

utility systems manager; and

chiller system, Venturi-based

the controls for the ozone-in-

Peter Roussell, utility systems

ozone-injection system and

jection process. However, the

chief operator all of the city of

ozone-off gas-destruct system.

dissolved-color meter provides

Palm Coast, Florida; as well as

The ozone system was im-

the final-compliance point and

Contributors to this article

plemented in the fall of 2014.

allows for automatic adjust-

It reduces organic-based color

ment of the ozone dose. The

of the low-pressure reverse-

integrated system automati-

osmosis system concentrate

cally adapts and compensates

stream. As significant, in an

for changes in the plants

innovative and unique treat-

concentrate-water quality.

ment application, this pretreated concentrate stream is

processed as an alternative

As mentioned, a significant project challenge was

softening facility.

budget and schedule. To

The process allows recovery

A STRESS-FREE
POLYMER SOLUTION

Final words

water source at the citys lime

IPM Systems ParaDynePD

activates polymer more effectively
than other mixers, providing
decreased polymer usage. With
a no-clog spring in the check
valve and the extended
mechanical seal life.

qualify for available Florida

and treatment of up to 750,000

Department of Environmen-

gallons per day of alternative

tal Protection and St. Johns

water supply that otherwise

River Water Management

would have been discharged

District grant funding, the city

to waste. Dissolved color of

needed to complete the entire

the concentrate stream was

ozone project in less than six

reduced from 62 to less than

months. Pinnacle Ozone Solu-

30 true-color units.

tions manufactured and de-

A unique aspect of the

project is control of the

Pinnacle Ozone Solutions

livered all the ozone-process

equipment within six weeks of

Relay Logic Control

Nema 4X Controls
Diaphragm Pump
Compact Stainless Steel Frame
Loss of Water Protection
Maintenance Free Skid Conig.

4225 NE Port Drive,

Lees Summit, MO 64064

ipm-sys.com 855-328-9200
Write In 108

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 13

Filtration

Surge of non-dispersible debris

impacts wastewater pump stations
Sun City lift station employs screen-technology solutions to remove
effluent debris from narrow- and deep-channel pump stations
By Patrick Roberts

Pump stations are on the front

lines when it comes to attack
from non-dispersible products.
and cosmetic wipes.
For decades, plant operators dealt with
periodic plugs, but more use of disposable
wipes and other non-dispersibles accelerate the problem for wastewater treatment
systems.

Impact on pump stations

Found upstream from treatment plants,
pump stations are on the front lines when
it comes to attack from non-dispersible
products. Station upgrades primarily
focus on pump replacement, leaving the
To compensate for higher concentrations of non-dispersible
debris, many plant operators have had to increase liftstation pump horsepower to maintain flow rate.

Its a fact and somewhat uncomfortable making that wet-wipe consumption

relatively intact.
There they clog screens, jam equipment,

original-equipment coarse-bar screens

intact. These screens, some installed 30 to
40 years ago, with 2 to 2-1/2 openings,
may have performed well for decades, but

has almost tripled the past decade, accord-

and increase maintenance, repairs and

now prove inadequate to stop increased

ing to industry analyst Smithers Pira.

costs. According to the Association of the

non-dispersible flows, meant to pump right

Nonwoven Fabrics Industry (INDA), field

through to treatment plants. The headworks

clean, convenient and easy to use. But pa-

tests conducted with utilities show that

in many plants, however, also utilize coarse

per towels, diaper liners, cleaning clothes

the wastewater system impact of non-dis-

screening, allowing non-dispersibles to

and hygiene-, cosmetic- and baby-wipes

persible debris breaks down to 50 percent

negatively impact pump and mixer opera-

reach wastewater-treatment plants and

paper towels, 25 percent baby wipes, and

tions a costly outcome.

pump-station manual bar racks and pumps

25 percent hygiene, household cleaning

For consumers, wipes are effective,

14 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

Not all of the non-dispersibles make it

through the pump stations. Debris cleanout, maintenance and repair has to be
done more often. Draining the pipes and
disposing of waste plugging at the lift stations is tedious and unsafe work within
tight space constraints. Workers enter lift

Consequently, indicates Griffith, the

Pumps pushed non-dispersible debris to the plant several

miles away, where it ended up
weaving itself into "big masses
of material."

stations 30 to 40 feet underground, wear-

pumps pushed most of this non-dispersible

debris to the plant several miles away, where
much of that ended up weaving itself into
big masses of material that would jam the
plant pumps and mixers. It was costly.
Earlier, we had switched-out our existing

ing Tyvek suits, rubber gloves and safety

screening technology, installed in the late

lift station pumps to larger 250 horsepower

glasses, and carry the waste material

1970s, says Douglas Griffith, operations man-

slurry pumps, which were much bigger than

up flights of stairs for disposal in waste

ager, EPCOR Water. The upstream coarse 2"

what we needed for the flow, but necessary

receptacles above ground a labor-

screen was very inefficient, letting just about

to deal with the debris. This solved our flow

intensive and costly operation.

everything through that was smaller than a bed

rate problem, but the lift station was still

sheet or a towel. The screen was not designed

passing on all of this debris to the plant,

higher concentrations of non-dispersible

to deal with a high volume of non-dispersibles

says Griffith.

debris, many plant operators have had to

that the lift station was experiencing.

Whats more, to compensate for

increase lift-station pump horsepower to

maintain flow rate.

Examples success
Reducing the impact on costly-tomaintain-and-replace plant systems can
be mitigated by better managing non-dispersible debris upstream, at the lift stations. An excellent example of how this
can be achieved is the recent upgrade to
the Arizonas Sun City lift station, owned
and operated by EPCOR Water.
EPCOR Water is a utility company

WANGEN pumps are used in my

wastewater treatment plants
because robust and reliable
technology is essential.

based in Edmonton, Alberta. It manages

numerous municipal water and wastewater
treatment facilities throughout Canada and
the United States. Its a division of EPCOR
Utilities, Inc., which builds, owns and oper-

Cities across the world, such as Mexico City,

Rome or Shenzhen, rely on WANGEN
progressing cavity pumps
in our robust Wangen
design.

ates electrical transmission and distribution

networks throughout Canada and the U.S.
The company provides water and wastewater services to more than one million
people in over 85 Western Canadian comWangen America, Inc.
Wood Dale, IL 60191
phone: (847) 201-3121
[email protected]

munities and industrial sites. It is also the

largest private regulated water provider in
Arizona and New Mexico.
What we had was very antiquated

www.wangen.com

The Pumps Experts. Since 1969.

Write In 109

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 15

Filtration
Trouble downstream

of the debris material before it gets to the lift

Yet not all the non-dispersible debris

passed through the lift station pumps.
Some was trapped in the coarse screen

The vertical-bar screen system

is meant for narrow- and deepchannel lift stations.

and needed to be cleaned out about every

two weeks. Two workers descended 30

pumps.
When I first saw a demonstration of the
system, I could see that it would fit into
the existing Sun City Lift Station channel,

We were looking for a solution that was

Griffith says. That meant there would be

feet underground through a narrow vertical

cost-effective, Griffith says. And some-

no need for demolition or excavation. I also

passage to remove the material and bring it

thing that would fit into our narrow existing

liked the fact that there were no bottom

back to the surface.

channel.

bearings, and that it utilized a strap instead

Cleaning debris from the lift station

The system selected, Screentec, from

screen was very awkward and unsafe,

Aqualitec Corp., is an automated vertical-

strap than I would bearings, chains and the

says Griffith. We were progressively having

bar screen system designed specifically

lubrication required.

to do this more and more frequently. We

for narrow- and deep-channel lift stations,

definitely knew it was time for an upgrade.

headworks, wet wells and manholes. The

of chains. I would much rather maintain a

Fixed it up

Most solutions that Griffith and his team

screen has 1/2" openings, significantly

Screentec has no moving parts under

examined for improved screen performance

smaller than Sun Citys prior 2" coarse

grade level, for easy and safe maintenance

at the station involved major demolition and

screen. All wastewater flow is diverted

by operational staff, and minimal mainte-

excavation, with costs exceeding one mil-

through the system, then back out again.

nance costs. An automatic rake system

lion dollars. Thats not what was wanted.

The system effectively removes 75 percent

pulls the debris to the top, where a scraper

Misalignment leads to increased vibration, premature seal or bearing

failures, and increased power consumption. Theres no excuse to let
misalignment cost you money. Protect your machines and minimize
costly downtime through precision laser shaft alignment.
Our equipment and support are the industry benchmark to Keep it Running.

305.591.8935 | www.KeepItRunning.com

Write In 110

16 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

ROTALIGN Ultra IS
A PRFTECHNIK product
Laser Alignment, Flatness,
Straightness and more!

puts it into a screw conveyor which then

Compare hundreds of products and services from the top manufacturers in the process
industries with Processings online Buyers Guide. Browse by manufacturer or product
category to find the ideal solution for your application. Download white papers and case
studies, view product demos and more.

conveys it into a 20-cubic-yard dumpster.

The debris from the lift station fills one
dumpster weekly.
The more we can screen out up-

www.ProcessingMagazine.com/Buyers-Guide

stream at the lift station, the less we have

to deal with at the wastewater treatment
facility, Griffith says. We stopped a lot
of that material from meandering through
the plant and ultimately taking out equipment. We also protected the pumps at
the lift station, keeping any heavy debris

What makes the SONIC-PRO a Superior Ultrasonic Flowmeter?

Hybrid Operation. Ultrasonic Transducers.

from getting through. Every time a pump

gets clog up it causes a wearing issue.
As a final note, as an added benefit,
because of the greatly reduced debris
flowing through the lift station pumps,
EPCOR believes it can now downsize to
much smaller 135 horsepower pumps.
Patrick Roberts writes on water and
wastewater solutions.
Aqualitec Corp. is a U.S. distributor
of wastewater equipment for municipal
and industrial applications. Its product
lines include screening equipment, such
as vertical bar screens, multiple-rake
screens, drum screens, inclined cylindrical screens, static screens, conveyors/
compactors, washer compactors, grit
classifiers and motorized rotary brushes.
Contact Erwan Ouattara, executive director; 310-703-2174;

eouat-

[email protected].

Aqualitec Corp.
www.aqualitec.com
Write In 203

IP66
NEMA 4X
WASH DOWN

Write In 111

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 17

Food & beverage

Cooling-system longevity
often governed by
heat-transfer fluid choice
Norwegian microbrewery one example of needs
general to food & beverage
By Dr. Phil Gray
Automobiles dont need constant mainte-

Behind the beer

nance today the way they did, say, 30 years

ago, and the same expectation is found

Lindesnes Brygghus engaged with En-

today in industry. Reliable systems keep

ergy Rent AS, specializing in refrigeration

maintenance to a minimum and output to

and process cooling, to find its cooling sys-

plan.

tem, and the heat-transfer fluid that would

In this regard, choosing cooling systems

be used with it.

Kilfrost Cooltrans SustainCTS fluid is

in the food & beverage industry is governed

a 1,3-propylene glycol-based concen-

by several factors.
For one, any heat-transfer fluid used

trate fluid (Bio-PDO) manufactured from

within a system must have low toxicity, and

corn-sugar, a more sustainable choice

ensure product as well as process-plant

than petroleum-derived 1,2-propanediol

employee and customer safety. Productivity-wise, poor-quality heat-transfer fluids

Using poor-quality heat-transfer fluids is problematic. The

author says mixing quality water with inhibited glycol delivers greater reliability and effectiveness.

cause regular maintenance, leaks and even

system failures.
Microbrewery Lindesnes Brygghus was
established in Lindesnes, Norway in 2011,
selling beers golden, dark and bitter, at

(mono propylene glycol). As the heat

transfer fluid is used in an indirect cooling
process, with potential risk of contact with

and value against overhead. They required

beverages, it is important that the fluid is

a cooling system that would last and pay

non-toxic, non-hazardous and free from

return on investment.

carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic

Again, in this regard, when it comes to

(CMR) additives.
Bio-PDOTM-based heat-transfer fluids

more than one hundred locations. Brew-

heat-transfer fluids, glycol-based fluids are

ery production and storage is all about

not particularly corrosive in concentrate

offer specific performance advantages over

temperature control and a brewery needs

form. But once mixed with water, corrosion,

petroleum-derived propylene glycol-based

effective and reliable cooling and refrigera-

bacterial growth and scaling can become

transfer fluid. With the same level of freeze

tion to ensure product safety and longevity.

an issue. The cooling systems life span is

protection, viscosity is 33 percent lower

Heat transfer fluids are a vital part of these

directly dependent on fluid quality.

viscosity at -20 degrees C, which means an

systems.

On the other hand, using an inhibited

improved low-temperature viscosity profile

As a market newcomer, Lindesnes Bryg-

glycol mixed with water of sufficient quality

that translates into improved hydraulic

ghus needed confidence it could supply on

can improve the reliability and effectiveness

performance and lower system pressure

time and at capacity, while ensuring quality

of systems.

drops.

18 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

For example, a 40 percent v/v solution

(solute concentration expressed in vol-

Specs and standards

An international standard created by the

energy when compared to standard propylene glycol. Further reductions are also pos-

ume/volume percent) of mono-propylene

American Society for Testing and Materials,

sible due to the performance advantages

glycol-based fluid requires up to 2.4 times

or ASTM International, for corrosion testing,

that the bio-PDO offers as a heat-transfer

more pumping energy than a 40 percent

known as the ASTM D1384-05, gives a

fluid in the end application.

v/v solution of Cooltrans SustainCTS at -10

good indication of the corrosion protection

degrees C.

and resistance to degradation that a heat

Besides improved low-temperature

hydraulics, an inhibited glycol also provides

transfer fluid offers.

A heat transfer fluid that meets ASTM-

Dr. Phil Gray is specialty fluids technical

manager at Kilfrosts Specialty Fluid Division.
With U.S. headquarters in Boca Raton,

significantly higher thermal stability, being

D1384-05 corrosion-test standards maxi-

Florida, Kilfrost is a market leader in de-

up to four times more resistant to oxida-

mizes equipment longevity and minimizes

icing and anti-icing products for the aviation

tive degradation than standard propylene

otherwise unnecessary shutdowns and

and transportation industries. Its Specialty

glycol-based fluid.

repairs.

Fluids Div. produces heat-transfer and

The impact poor-quality fluids have on

Use of glycol in manufacture of heat

cooling systems shouldnt be underestimat-

transfer fluids will help minimize carbon

ed, says Morten Magnusson, managing

footprint and greenhouse gas emissions in

Kilfrost

director, Energy Rent. To give customers

industries using cooling.

www.kilfrost.com

confidence in our systems, high-quality

fluids are specified.

The manufacture of corn sugar-derived

industrial fluids.

Write In 204

glycol (bio-PDO) uses up to 40 percent less

Write In 112

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 19

News in brief
Algae from wastewater could
remove harmful nutrients

As well as recovering renewable energy,

scientists found they could easily grow

the process removes excess nutrients from

high-value strains of oil-rich algae while

the wastewater. It also requires no chemi-

simultaneously removing more than 90

a feedstock for production of algae-based

cal fertilizers, making algae production

percent of nitrates and more than 50 per-

biofuels, according to a new study at Rice

sustainable.

cent of phosphorous from wastewater.

Municipal wastewater could be used as

According to a report by the university,

University.

The researchers conducted experiments at a wastewater treatment plant

in Texas using 12 open tanks that were

OIL AND GAS

WATER AND WASTEWATER

MARINE - MARPOL V

Solids Control/Crude/Fuel Oil

Sludge/FOG/Polymers

Multicrusher Ocean/Food Waste Grinding

continuously supplied with filtered wastewater from the plant's clarifiers, which
remove suspended solids from sewage.
A range of environments were tested
in each tank. Some were monocultures
of oil-rich algal strains, while others
contained mixed cultures. Some tanks
contained fish that preyed upon algaeeating zooplankton.

PROCESS INDUSTRY
Paint/Coatings/Latex

Earlier research had suggested that

a variety of algal species might perform
better in open tanks and that fish might

DURABLE, RELIABLE & INNOVATIVE.

CUSTOM FLUID HANDLING SOLUTIONS
FOR DEMANDING PROCESSES.

prevent yields being affected by algaeeating zooplankton, explained study

co-author Evan Siemann, a professor of
biosciences at Rice University.
However, this study showed prolific

Cost-Effective
FLOOD CONTROL
Disaster Relief/Emergemcy Services

algal growth in all 12 tanks. Monocultures

Access the wet end quickly

and easily

were not invaded by other algal species,

Minimize Life-Cycle Cost

and the presence of fish did not affect

Reduce Downtime

any variables. Our results are likely to

No removal of pipe or drive

systems necessary

be very encouraging to algae producers

because the case they would prefer
monocultures with no fish and no crosscontamination was the case where we
saw optimal performance, Siemann said.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Aluminum Oil Skimmer Pump

Australian stormwater system

improves water quality
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT)
government has launched a multi-million
dollar stormwater harvesting network to
Rotar y Lobe Pump

Multichopper

Multicrusher

Rotorrake

Contact [email protected], visit w ww.boerger.com or call 612.435.7300

Write In 113

20 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

improve water quality and also enhance

the water storage capacity of Lake Bur-

ley Griffin in Canberra, Australia.

At a cost of A$11 million ($8.3 billion),

novative wastewater treatment process based

the cutting-edge stormwater system is

material, called Nyex. This material is claimed

the first of its kind in Canberra.

to remove organics, emerging contaminants

Launched by the Minister for the En-

and micro-pollutants from wastewater and

vironment Simon Corbell on Friday April

is regenerated in-situ in the novel organics

destruction cell (ODC) process.

The technology was spun out of Manchester

on its own graphene-based proprietary

University's School of Chemical Engineering.

10, the Inner North Reticulation Network

will recycle and clean stormwater used
in public spaces, providing up to 500
megaliters of stormwater annually for this
purpose and replacing the high-quality
drinking water previously used.
Corbell commented: This is a prime
example of water sensitive urban design
that will improve water quality in Lake
Burley Griffin, help the city adapt to
climate change, and provide recreational

Flexible component concept

for optimizing valve manifolds and
reducing parts stock

facilities in the form of wetlands and

green ovals. He added: Such infrastructure slows stormwater runoff, helping to reduce peak flows during storms.
It is expected to reduce sediment and
nutrients in our waterways by over 50%,
thus contributing to better water quality.
Stormwater runoff that ends up in Canberra's lakes includes pollutants such as
nitrogen and phosphorous, which cause
algal blooms.
The stormwater will be captured via
newly constructed wetlands at Dickson,

GEM Extendable plastic multi-port valve blocks simplify

plant design and future expansion:

Lyneham and Flemington Ponds, which

Reduction of plant footprint by using modular valve blocks

are wildlife habitats as well as recre-

Saves cost of piping and joints

ational spaces.

Fast and simple installation

Funding secured for new

industrial wastewater
treatment process

Cost-effective: can extend blocks at a later date; saving

more space and resources than conventional plant

A U.K.-based water treatment compa-

www.gemu.com

ny is launching a series of demonstration

3800 Camp Creek Parkway

Building 2600 Suite 120 Atlanta, Georgia 30331
678-553-3400 Fax: 404-344-9350 [email protected]

installations in industrial treatment facilities after securing 4 million ($6 million)

in a new round of investment funding.
Arvia Technology has developed an in-

Write In 114
4/16/20152015
10:44:21 AM
www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May
21

wstWater_201505_GemuIsld.indd 1

New Product Spotlight

Extended Range of Diaphragm
Valves
Originally, this specially sealed valve
version was developed from the GEM
601, 612 and 673 basic types to suit particular
customer requirements, and the new GEM
673P9 version will now extend the current portfolio. The valve is available in
nominal sizes DN 8 to DN 50 and has
an additional seal provided by silicone
O-rings that seal the interior of the bonnet housing from the outside. This prevents, among other things, lubricant that is normally
used for lubricating the spindle from leaking when autoclaving. It
also prevents moisture and dirt from entering the bonnet interior.
The GEM 673P9 diaphragm valve is autoclave-capable and
sterilizable, as well as CIP/SIP capable. As with the basic types,
a standard seal adjuster and optical position indicator are also
integrated in the new version. The valve bonnets are also suitable
for use on multi-port valve blocks and tank valves.

GEM

Nanotech for Wastewater

Treatment
The PrO2 series from Aqua
Bio Technologies uses nanotechnology to treat wastewater
with increased effectiveness
and improved efficiency, while
saving costs, time and energy.
The PRO2 Series works by
inundating the aerobic bacteria
with oxygen they need to consume large amounts of waste and
render it harmless. Through cutting-edge nanotechnology, the
PRO2 injects concentrated streams of oxygen-rich micro-bubbles
into the targeted waste streams, enabling bacteria to consume
up to 95% of organic waste. Not only does this result in dramatic
reduction in sludge hauls, but the energy efficiency of the PRO2
reduces aeration costs by 75% or more.

Aqua Bio Technologies

www.aquabio.co/pro2.html
Write In 206

www.gemu-group.com
Write In 205

Peristaltic Pump for Single-use

Systems

With development based on extensive

feedback from customers, Watson-Marlow
Pumps Group has launched its 120 cased
peristaltic pump range. The 120 pumps
are perfectly suited to single-use systems
where no contamination can be accepted.
Ultimately the 120 pumps have been developed to increase the low-flow capabilities of the company's product range for
applications in the biopharm sector. The market need for the 120
range is well understood, with customers voicing their own mantra,
keep it small, keep it simple. As a result, Watson-Marlow has
produced a pump that is focused on size, performance and easeof-use. Ultra-compact and stackable for multiple feeds like pH
control, antifoam, nutrient and buffer addition, the 120 offers the
ideal combination of size and technology to optimize the process.

Hybrid Ultrasonic Flowmeters

Sonic-Pro Hybrid Ultrasonic flowmeters
measure flow rate using either
Doppler or Transit Time methods.
Non-invasive clamp-on transducers
work with both clean and dirty fluids, with a high capacity flow velocity
range of up to 30 feet per second (9 meters
per second). Sonic-Pro can be configured
and controlled remotely via RS-232, RS-485, USB or Ethernet.
View real time flow and download data log files remotely on a
Windows PC. Additional features include: Easy reading backlit
LCD; data logged to standard SD card format supplied with unit;
isolated 4-20 mA output - fully configurable; 0 1000Hz Pulse
Output - fully configurable. Housing is NEMA 4X (IP 66) wash
down. Sonic-Pro may be ordered with the optional T-Track
mounting system.

Blue-White Industries

Watson-Marlow Pumps Group

www.blue-white.com

www.watson-marlow.com

Write In 208

Write In 207

22 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

 Powder and Liquid Delivery

Isolated Device Coupler

System
Hapmans Solidquid powder and
liquid delivery system automatically and precisely delivers dry
bulk ingredients into a motive
liquid stream to convey slurries, solutions or suspensions
into your mix tank, blender or other
process equipment. In addition to dramatically reducing mix times, the Solidquid instantly
creates non-viscous mixtures, which provides downstream
processing efficiencies, reduces energy costs, creates less dust,
and uses less floor space when compared to other pre-mixing
options. Material can be discharged from a bulk bag unloader
into a feeder, which volumetrically or gravimetrically measures it
into a solids eductor. The Solidquid also works with vacuum
conveyors or flexible screw conveyors so material can be manually pulled into the system for processing minor ingredients. The
Solidquid operation creates a high-velocity jet that pulls dry
material through the wetting cone.

Hapman
www.hapman.com

The new FieldBarrier R4D0-FB-IA

from Pepperl+Fuchs is a diagnosticenabled isolated device coupler
for FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 and
PROFIBUS PA instruments. The very
compact FieldBarrier is DIN rail mounted
in Zone 1/Div.2 environments and connects eight to
12 instruments with intrinsic safety in Zone 0 1/Div.1 environments. The FieldBarrier provides advanced fault diagnostics and
isolation at the spur, enables live work on the trunk or spurs and
supports plug-in surge protectors. The result is simplified installation, improved troubleshooting and maximized plant uptime. At
the spur, advanced fault protection isolates conditions such as
short circuit, jabber or bounce and advanced diagnostics detect
installation quality issues for optimum segment availability. Internal components such as the terminator are connected without
wiring, and connections requiring maintenance are minimized.
Critical components are designed with redundancy or monitored
for degradation to ensure high product integrity.

Pepperl+Fuchs
www.pepperl-fuchs.us
Write In 210

Write In 209

Turbidity Sensor
Endress+Hauser introduces
the Turbimax CUS52D turbidity
sensor for process water filtration
and other industrial process turbidity conditions. The Turbimax
CUS52D performs laboratoryquality turbidity measurements
without the need for extensive bypass installations, avoiding costly product or water losses. The sensor measures turbidity from
0.000 to 4000 NTU with accuracy of 2% of measurement 0.01
NTU at process temperatures from -4 to 185 F with a detection
limit of 0.0015 NTU. The sensor measures turbidity in accordance
with ISO 7027. The Turbimax CUS52Ds surface minimizes the
build-up of biofilms and particulates. The ability to operate at high
pressures (up to 145 psi) makes suppressing air bubbles possible. For bypass operation an optional air bubble trap catches
smaller air bubbles. In particularly challenging cases, the CYR52
ultrasonic cleaning system can be installed on a flow cell or even
right on the existing pipe to prevent and remove surface contamination and bubbles without direct product contact.

Endress+Hauser
www.us.endress.com/cus52d
Write In 211
Write In 115

www.waterwaste.com | Water/Waste Processing | May 2015 23

New Product Spotlight

Conductivity/TDS/Salinity Tester

Vacuum Evaporation Technology

ULTRAPEN PT1 is
Myron Ls groundbreaking new Conductivity/TDS/Salinity tester.
The PT1 pen features the accuracy and stability of benchtop
lab equipment with the convenience of a pen. Constructed of
durable aircraft aluminum, this pen is fully potted for extra protection with an easy-to-read LCD and one-button functions. The PT1
is an indispensable instrument in the water quality professionals
toolkit. This instrument is designed to be extremely accurate, fast
and simple to use in diverse water quality applications. Advanced
features include the ability to select from three different solution
types that model the characteristics of the most commonly encountered types of water; proprietary temperature compensation
and TDS conversion algorithms; highly stable microprocessorbased circuitry; user-intuitive design; and waterproof housing.
A true, one-handed instrument, the PT1 is easy to calibrate and
easy to use. To take a measurement, you simply press a button
then dip the pen in solution. Results display in seconds.

Mitigate the rising cost of wastewater disposal by recycling and

reusing water with EVALED Vacuum
Evaporation and Distillation technology from Veolia Water in
partnership with PRAB Fluid Filtration. Featuring heat pump vacuum
evaporators, mechanical vapor
recompression and hot water / cold
water vacuum evaporators, EVALED handles capacity ranges
of 40 to 52,800 gallons of wastewater per day for treatment and
recycling. These vacuum evaporators operate as a closed loop
system with discharge streams for concentrate and distillate without any air emissions. EVALEDs low energy consumption and
reliable, efficient operation deliver a return on investment that can
often be measured in months.

Myron L

PRAB Fluid Filtration

www.wastewater.prab.com
Write In 213

www.myronl.com
Write In 212

Advertiser Index
Adedge Technologies .......................................................................7

Load Controls, Inc. .........................................................................19

Aplus Finetek Sensor, Inc. ..............................................................23

Ludeca .............................................................................................16

A-T Controls ......................................................................................9

Myron L Company ......................................................... Back Cover

Blue-White Industries......................................................................17

Plast-O-Matic Valves, Inc. .................................. Inside Back Cover

Boerger ............................................................................................20

Process/Flow Network ......................................................................3

CST Industries .....................................................Inside Front Cover

Processing Technology Portals....................................................... 5

Flexicon Corp. .................................................................................11

Rosedale Products ..........................................................................1

GEM ...............................................................................................21

Wangen Pumpen .............................................................................15

IPM Systems....................................................................................13

Watson-Marlow Pumps Group .......................................................10

24 May 2015 | Water/Waste Processing | www.waterwaste.com

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