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Reading Input (Scanner)

The document discusses the Scanner class in Java, which allows programs to easily read formatted input from sources like the keyboard or files. Scanner defines constructors and methods like hasNextX() and nextX() that determine if certain types of data are available and then read them. To use Scanner, you first check with a hasNextX method if the desired input is available, and if so use the corresponding nextX method to read it. The example shows creating a Scanner reading from standard input and using hasNextInt() and nextInt() to read multiple integers from the user.

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22 views

Reading Input (Scanner)

The document discusses the Scanner class in Java, which allows programs to easily read formatted input from sources like the keyboard or files. Scanner defines constructors and methods like hasNextX() and nextX() that determine if certain types of data are available and then read them. To use Scanner, you first check with a hasNextX method if the desired input is available, and if so use the corresponding nextX method to read it. The example shows creating a Scanner reading from standard input and using hasNextInt() and nextInt() to read multiple integers from the user.

Uploaded by

nitish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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READING INPUT

(SCANNER)

Scanner
Scanner reads formatted input and converts it
into its binary form.
Although it has always been possible to read
formatted input, it required more effort than most
programmers would prefer.
Because of the addition of Scanner, it is now easy
to read all types of numeric values, strings,
and other types of data, whether it comes from a
disk file, the keyboard, or another source.
For example, you can use Scanner to read a
number from the keyboard and assign its value
to a variable.

The Scanner Constructors


Scanner defines the constructors

Scanning Basics
Once you have created a Scanner, it is a simple matter to
use it to read formatted input.
In general, a Scanner reads tokens from the underlying
source that you specified when the Scanner was created.
As it relates to Scanner, a token is a portion of input that
is delineated by a set of delimiters, which is whitespace by
default.
A token is read by matching it with a particular regular
expression, which defines the format of the data.
Although Scanner allows you to define the specific type of
expression that its next input operation will match, it includes
many predefined patterns, which match the primitive types,
such as int and double, and strings.
Thus, often you wont need to specify a pattern to match.

In general, to use Scanner, follow this


procedure:
1. Determine if a specific type of input is
available by calling one of Scanners
hasNextX methods, where X is the
type of data desired.
2. If input is available, read it by calling one
of Scanners nextX methods.
3. Repeat the process until input is
exhausted.

As the preceding indicates, Scanner defines two


sets of methods that enable you to read input.
The first are the hasNextX methods, which are
shown in Table 18-15.
These methods determine if the specified type of
input is available.
For example, calling hasNextInt( ) returns true
only if the next token to be read is an integer. If
the desired data is available, then you read it by
calling one of Scanners nextX methods, which
are shown in Table 18-16.
For example, to read the next integer, call nextInt( ).

Scanner conin = new


Scanner(System.in);
int i;
// Read a list of integers.
while(conin.hasNextInt()) {
i = conin.nextInt();
// ...
}

Example

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