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Chapter 32 STRESS - Nursing 101

This document defines stress and adaptation, describing stress as a condition where the body responds to changes from its normal state, while adaptation refers to changes that occur due to a person's response to stress. It outlines the body's fight or flight response and other physiological reactions to stress, as well as psychological responses ranging from mild to severe anxiety. Coping mechanisms and defense mechanisms are discussed, along with stress management techniques like relaxation and meditation. Crisis intervention strategies and sources of stress for nurses are also summarized.

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143 views

Chapter 32 STRESS - Nursing 101

This document defines stress and adaptation, describing stress as a condition where the body responds to changes from its normal state, while adaptation refers to changes that occur due to a person's response to stress. It outlines the body's fight or flight response and other physiological reactions to stress, as well as psychological responses ranging from mild to severe anxiety. Coping mechanisms and defense mechanisms are discussed, along with stress management techniques like relaxation and meditation. Crisis intervention strategies and sources of stress for nurses are also summarized.

Uploaded by

R.S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STRESS AND

ADAPTATION

DEFINITIONS

Stress

Stressor

a condition in which the body responds to


changes in its normal balanced state
Anything that a person perceives as
challenging, threatening, or demanding

Adaptation

The change that takes place as the result of a


persons response to stress.

BODYS RESPONSE TO
STRESS
Fight or Flight Response
Psychosomatic Disorders
Local Adaptation Syndrome (LAS)
Reflex Pain Response
Inflammatory Response

GENERAL ADAPTATION
RESPONSE

Alarm Reaction perceives stressor,


defense mechanism activated (fight or flight)
Shock phase body changes occur
Countershock body changes reverse

Resistance body attempts to adapt


Exhaustion adaptive mechanism are
exhausted

PSYCHOLOGICAL
RESPONSES
Mild anxiety
Moderate anxiety
Severe anxiety
Panic

COPING MECHANISMS

Behaviors

Crying laughing, sleeping, cursing


Physical activity
Smoking, drinking
Withdrawal eye contact avoidance
Limiting relationships

Task oriented behavior - taking steps to resolve


stress

Attack behavior
Withdrawal behavior
Compromise behavior

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Compensation emphasize more desirable trait


Denial refuse to acknowledge disturbance
Displacement transfers emotional reaction
from one object to another
Introjection incorporated another persons
qualities or values into his own ego structure
Projection attribute own thoughts or impulses
to another

MORE DEFENSE
MECHANISMS

Rationalization use of logic to justify action


Reaction formation conscious actions and
attitudes that are opposite of what one really wants
Regression return to an earlier way of behaving
Repression involuntarily exclude anxiety
producing stimulus from awareness
Sublimation substitute an acceptable method of
behavior for one that is not.
Undoing act used to negate a previous act.

STRESS MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUES
Relaxation
Meditation
Anticipatory Guidance
Guided Imagery
Biofeedback

CRISIS INTERVENTION
Identify the problem
List alternatives
Choose from among alternatives
Implement the plan
Evaluate the outcome

STRESS IN NURSING
Burnout similar to the exhaustion phase
of anxiety
Student Nurses

Nclex exam
Life and school
Finances

New Graduates

New responsibilities

WAYS TO COPE FOR


NURSES

Become involved in constructive change


Support each other; be a team player
Take time to relax
Eat
Exercise regularly
Learn something new
Be assertive; Just say NO
Develop and maintain support systems

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