Scribd
Upload
28 views

Process Control in Wet Tannery: The Block Diagram of The Process Can Be Interpreted As

The document describes the process of controlling temperature in a wet tannery using a microprocessor. Key steps include: 1. Sensing temperature using an LM35 sensor and converting the analog output to digital using an ADC0809. 2. Interfacing the digital output to a 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) connected to an 8085 microprocessor. 3. Programming the 8085 microprocessor to read the temperature, compare it to a setpoint, and control a heater load using a solid state relay based on whether the temperature is above the setpoint.

Uploaded by

antex nebyu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
28 views

Process Control in Wet Tannery: The Block Diagram of The Process Can Be Interpreted As

The document describes the process of controlling temperature in a wet tannery using a microprocessor. Key steps include: 1. Sensing temperature using an LM35 sensor and converting the analog output to digital using an ADC0809. 2. Interfacing the digital output to a 8255 Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) connected to an 8085 microprocessor. 3. Programming the 8085 microprocessor to read the temperature, compare it to a setpoint, and control a heater load using a solid state relay based on whether the temperature is above the setpoint.

Uploaded by

antex nebyu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

PROCESS CONTROL IN WET

TANNERY

The block diagram of the process can be interpreted as:

Get Input
Signal from
Sensor

Signal
Conditionin
g

Load

Converting
the signal
to digital
form

Interfacing
Circuit.

Interfacing
the signal
with 8085
microproces
or

Programming
the
Microprocesso
r

INPUT FROM SENSOR


For temperature sensing LM35 Temperature
sensor is used.
The output voltage of this 3 pin temperature
sensor is directly proportional to the ambient
temperature and is given by the formula:
Vout = K x T
Where,
K = 10mV/oC (Sensor Constant),
T= Ambient Temperature.
For a temperature range of 0-100oC, the output
voltage varies from 0-1V in steps of 10mV.

For pH sensing, PHE-45P pH sensor is used.


The PHE-45P is an electrode type sensor, which
develops a voltage(potential) directly proportional
to the concentration of H+ ions.
For a pH range of 0-14, the output voltage of the
sensor varies from -0.41V to +0.41V.

The output voltage from the pH sensor follows Nernst


equation of equilibrium reduction potential.

Where,
E = reduction potential(voltage generated)
R = Universal gas constant( R=8.314 J/K-mol)
T = absolute temperature(T = 298K)
F = Faraday constant(F = 96485.33C/mol)
z = number of ions involved in the reaction.
4

On substituting the values of constants, we get:


E = 0.4142 0.059pH.
Hence, for a pH of 7, the potential would be 0,
for a pH of 0 (pure acidic), E = 0.41V
for a pH of 14(pure alkaline), E = -0.41V.

SIGNAL CONDITIONING

The signal conditioning is done so as to interface


the sensors output with the Analog to digital
converter.

The main aim of this module is to convert the


output of sensors i.e., 0-1V from temperature
sensor and -0.41V to +0.41V from pH sensor to
0-5V which is the acceptable working range for
an analog to digital converter.
6

For temperature sensor, we use a simple non


inverting amplifier circuit, given below:

Voltage Gain(A) = 5v/v.

For pH sensor, we use an adder circuit coupled


with an inverting amplifier:

The output voltage is 0-5V.


8

CONVERTING TO DIGITAL FORM

ADC0809 is used for analog to digital conversion.


The analog signal which we get from the sensors is
amplified to 0-5V and is given to the ADC 0809.
The analog input from the temperature sensor is
given at IN0 port of ADC.
The input port selection is done through the input
selection lines(ADD A, ADDB, ADD C) which are
connected to the programmable peripheral
interface.

The conversion starts when SOC(Start of


Conversion) is given HIGH from the
microprocessor through 8255.
When the analog input is converted to digital
form, the EOC(End of Conversion) port goes
HIGH, informing the microprocessor that the
conversion is done.
The clock to the ADC is given from the
microprocessor clock output.

10

ADC 0809 PIN CONNECTION

11

INTERFACING WITH
MICROPROCESSOR

The digital output from the ADC is interfaced


with the microprocessor through a programmable
peripheral interface (PPI 8255).
PPI 8255 is a 40 pin IC which consists of three
8-bit I/O ports, a 8-bit Bi-directional data
transfer port and a control logic buffer.
The block diagram of 8255 is as follows:
12

13

Data Bus Buffer: It is an 8 bit data buffer used to


interface 8255 with 8085. It is connected to D 0-D7 bits of
8255.

Read/write control logic : It consists of inputs


RD,WR,A0,A1,CS .

RD,WR are used for reading and writing on to 8255 and


are connected to MEMR,MEMW of 8085 respectively.

A0,A1 are Port select signals used to select the particular


port .

CS is used to select the 8255 device .

14

A1

A0

Selected port

Port - A

Port B

Port C

Control Register

15

The 8255 PPI is initialized as below:

Port A - Assigned as Input

Port B - Assigned as output

Port CL - Assigned as Input

Port CU - Assigned as output


16

The Port A takes input from the digital output


pins of ADC.
The Port B gives signal to SOC, ALE and Input
Select of ADC.

The Port CL takes input from EOC.

The Port CU gives the control signal.

17

Control Word:

The control word for the PPI is 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1


i.e., 91H.
18

19

MICROPROCESSOR 8085

The features of INTEL 8085 are :

It is an 8 bit processor.

It is a single chip N-MOS device with 40 pins.

It has multiplexed address and data bus.(AD0-AD7).

It works on 5 Volt dc power supply.

The maximum clock frequency is 3 MHz while


minimum frequency is 500kHz.
It provides 74 instructions with 5 different
addressing modes.
It provides Acc ,one flag register ,6 general purpose
registers and two special purpose registers(SP,PC).

20

PIN LAYOUT.

21

INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE:

22

INSTRUCTION SET CLASSIFICATION


The entire group of instructions can be classified into five
categories:
1.

Data Transfer Operations. E.g. MOV, MVI, LDA,STA.

2.

Arithmetic Operations. E.g. ADD, SUB, INR, DCR.

3.

Logical Operations. E.g. ANA, ORA, XRA, CMP.

4.

Branching Operations. E.g. JMP, CALL, RET, JZ.

5.

Machine Control Operations. E.g. IN, OUT, PUSH,


POP.

23

. PROGRAMMING LOGIC:
.

Configure 8255 I/O ports


8085 sends SOC command to ADC
8085 waits for EOC signal from ADC
8085 reads 8-bit temperature value from
port A
8085 compares the value with set point
value
8085 generates the control signal to
control load.

24

FLOW CHART

START

.
Initialize 8255

CALL CONVERSION

Is
Temp
>
SETP
PT

Turn heater off

25

26

PROGRAM:

MVI A, 91H
OUT CR

BEGIN: CALL CONVERSATION


CPI 41H
JC NEXT
MVI A, 0EH
OUT PC
JMP BEGIN

NEXT: MVI A, 0FH


OUT PC
JMP BEGIN

27

CONVERSION SUBROUTINE:
CONVERSION:
MVI A,00H
OUT PB ; Send address to select IN0
MVI A,08H ;Latch address by giving ALE High
OUT PB

BACK: MVI A,18H


OUT PB ; Make SOC High
MVI A,08H
OUT PB ; Make SOC Low
MVI A,00H
OUT PB ; Make ALE Low

LOOP: IN PC
ANI 01H
JZ LOOP ; Wait for EOC
IN PA
RET ; Return value and store Accumulator

28

INTERFACING CIRCUIT

29

The load, in this case a heater, is a device which


operates under 230V ac.
The control signal from the microprocessor
through the peripheral interface is of 5V
magnitude.
A solid state relay device is used to interface the
control signal with the load.
30

You might also like