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MM235 Surface Hardening

This document discusses surface hardening techniques for materials engineering. It describes why surface hardening is needed to make components tough, strong, and wear resistant. Surface hardening is commonly used for gears, cams and other parts that require a hard surface with a tough core. The main methods covered are carburizing and nitriding low-carbon steels. Carburizing involves diffusing carbon into the surface through pack carburizing, gas carburizing or liquid carburizing. Nitriding forms iron nitride particles near the surface without changing the phase and provides a hard nitrided case. The document discusses the process parameters and properties achieved for various surface hardening methods.

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gopi varma
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30 views12 pages

MM235 Surface Hardening

This document discusses surface hardening techniques for materials engineering. It describes why surface hardening is needed to make components tough, strong, and wear resistant. Surface hardening is commonly used for gears, cams and other parts that require a hard surface with a tough core. The main methods covered are carburizing and nitriding low-carbon steels. Carburizing involves diffusing carbon into the surface through pack carburizing, gas carburizing or liquid carburizing. Nitriding forms iron nitride particles near the surface without changing the phase and provides a hard nitrided case. The document discusses the process parameters and properties achieved for various surface hardening methods.

Uploaded by

gopi varma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Surface Hardening
R. Arockiakumar
Assistant Professor

Surface hardening (or) Case hardening


Why we need case hardening?

Tough
Strong

Wear resistant
MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Where we need surface hardening?


Gears and cams
Hard, tough

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

How to do?
Change the surface composition
Heat treating the surface different from core
Martensite
Core

Core

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Case hardening of steels


Particularly for low carbon steels (0.25%C)
Carburizing
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Nitriding

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Carburizing
Carbon diffuses in to iron

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Pack carburizing
Cover the specimen with
Char coal/ charred leather(85%)
Sodium/ Barium carbonate (energizer)(15%)
BaCO3 BaO+CO2
CO2+C 2CO
2CO+Fe Fe(C)+CO2
Heat to 900-950C
Soaking time
Depends on case thickness
2.5 mm (45-65 HRC)
MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Type of carburising and case depth

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Application of case hardened steels

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Flame hardening
Oxyacetylene torch
Gear& spindles

steels of C > 0.4% and alloy steels


Case depth 0.8 mm

55-65 HRC
Large specimens

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Induction hardening
High frequency AC is passed through
induction coil

Depth 1/(frequency)1/2
Heating time-few seconds
Water quenching

MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

Nitriding

Carried out in ferrite region


Alloy steels- 1%Al, 1.5%Cr, 0.2%Mo
No phase change after nitriding
2NH3 2N+3H2
Forms Fe3N particles
Depth: 0.02 mm/ 2 h
Hardness
1000-2000 VPN
(830 VPN=65 HRC)
MM235 Materials Engineering (2014-15)

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