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TCP Ip

The Internet protocol suite resulted from research in the late 1960s by DARPA to develop new data transmission technologies beyond ARPANET. In 1972, Robert Kahn joined DARPA and recognized the value of connecting both satellite and radio packet networks. In 1973, Kahn worked with Vinton Cerf to develop an open interconnection model between networks using a common protocol. By summer 1973, Kahn and Cerf had designed TCP/IP, which placed the responsibility for reliability on the end nodes rather than the network itself. Their design allowed almost any network to connect to ARPANET, solving Kahn's initial problem of connecting different networks.

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38 views

TCP Ip

The Internet protocol suite resulted from research in the late 1960s by DARPA to develop new data transmission technologies beyond ARPANET. In 1972, Robert Kahn joined DARPA and recognized the value of connecting both satellite and radio packet networks. In 1973, Kahn worked with Vinton Cerf to develop an open interconnection model between networks using a common protocol. By summer 1973, Kahn and Cerf had designed TCP/IP, which placed the responsibility for reliability on the end nodes rather than the network itself. Their design allowed almost any network to connect to ARPANET, solving Kahn's initial problem of connecting different networks.

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rich3626x
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History[edit]

Early research[edit]

Diagram of the first internetworked connection

A Stanford Research Institutepacket radio van, site of the first three-way internetworked transmission.

The Internet protocol suite resulted from research and development conducted by the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in the late 1960s.[3] After initiating the
pioneering ARPANET in 1969, DARPA started work on a number of other data transmission
technologies. In 1972, Robert E. Kahn joined the DARPA Information Processing Technology Office,
where he worked on both satellite packet networks and ground-based radio packet networks, and
recognized the value of being able to communicate across both. In the spring of 1973, Vinton Cerf,
the developer of the existing ARPANET Network Control Program (NCP) protocol, joined Kahn to
work on open-architecture interconnection models with the goal of designing the next protocol
generation for the ARPANET.
By the summer of 1973, Kahn and Cerf had worked out a fundamental reformulation, in which the
differences between network protocols were hidden by using a common internetwork protocol, and,
instead of the network being responsible for reliability, as in the ARPANET, the hosts became
responsible. Cerf credits Hubert Zimmermann and Louis Pouzin, designer of
the CYCLADES network, with important influences on this design.
The design of the network included the recognition that it should provide only the functions of
efficiently transmitting and routing traffic between end nodes and that all other intelligence should be
located at the edge of the network, in the end nodes. Using a simple design, it became possible to
connect almost any network to the ARPANET, irrespective of the local characteristics, thereby

solving Kahn's initial problem. One popular expression is that TCP/IP, the eventual product of Cerf
and Kahn's work, will run over "two tin cans and a string." (Years later, as a joke, the IP over Avian
Carriers formal protocol specification was created and successfully tested.)
A computer called a router is provided with an interface to each network. It forwards packets back
and forth between them.[4] Originally a router was called gateway, but the term was changed to avoid
confusion with other types of gateways.

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