Jemena Asset Management (6) Pty Ltd

Gas Transmission

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
Queensland Gas Pipeline Measurement Manual

Table of Contents
1
SCOPE AND GENERAL..................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Scope ...............................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Application........................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 Terminology & Definitions ................................................................................................................................7
1.3.1 Terminology ................................................................................................................................................7
1.3.2 Definitions ...................................................................................................................................................7
1.3.3 Reference Documents ..............................................................................................................................12
2
GAS VOLUME MEASUREMENT ..................................................................................................................13
2.1 General and Overview ...................................................................................................................................13
2.2 Meter Assembly .............................................................................................................................................14
2.2.1 Orifice Meters............................................................................................................................................14
2.2.2 Turbine Meters..........................................................................................................................................15
2.2.3 Coriolis Meters ..........................................................................................................................................15
2.2.4 Ultrasonic Meters ......................................................................................................................................16
2.3 Transmitters, Sensors and RTDs..................................................................................................................17
2.3.1 Static Pressure Transmitter ......................................................................................................................18
2.3.2 Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) ...............................................................................................18
2.3.3 Multi-Variable Sensors (MVS)...................................................................................................................18
2.3.4 Automitter..................................................................................................................................................19
2.4 Flow Computers .............................................................................................................................................19
2.5 Computation of Corrected Gas Volumes and Energy....................................................................................20
3
GAS QUALITY MEASUREMENT ..................................................................................................................20
3.1 General...........................................................................................................................................................20
3.2 Specifications .................................................................................................................................................21
3.2.1 Natural Gas Specification .........................................................................................................................21
3.3 On Site Analysis.............................................................................................................................................22
3.3.1 Chromatographs .......................................................................................................................................23
3.3.2 Moisture Analyser .....................................................................................................................................24
3.3.3 Off Specification Gas ................................................................................................................................25
4
VALIDATION..................................................................................................................................................25
4.1 Validation Summary .......................................................................................................................................25
4.1.1 Validation Overview ..................................................................................................................................25
4.1.2 Commissioning and First Yearly Validations ............................................................................................25
4.1.3 Continual Periodic Validations ..................................................................................................................26
4.1.4 Owners and Representatives Responsibilities .........................................................................................26
4.1.5 Frequency of Validations ..........................................................................................................................26
4.2 Validation Spreadsheet ..................................................................................................................................28
4.1.1 Val 1 Test Equipment................................................................................................................................28
4.1.2 Val 2 Differential pressure Transmitter .....................................................................................................28
4.1.3 Val 3 Pressure Transmitter .......................................................................................................................29
4.1.4 Val 4 Temperature Transmitter .................................................................................................................29
4.1.5 Val 5 Orifice plate FC Vs GOF .................................................................................................................30
4.1.6 Val 6 Gas Chromatograph Tolerance Check............................................................................................31
4.1.7 Val 7 Moisture Analyser Tolerance Check................................................................................................31
4.1.8 Val 8 Pressure Check Run........................................................................................................................32
4.1.9 Val 9 Turbine Meter FC Vs GOF..............................................................................................................32
4.1.10 Val 10 Coriolis Meter FC Vs GOF............................................................................................................33
4.1.11 Val 13 Meter Comparison .........................................................................................................................34
4.1.12 Val 14 Ultrasonic Diagnostic Check..........................................................................................................34
4.1.13 Val 15 Ultrasonic Meter FC Vs GOF........................................................................................................35
4.1.14 Val 16 Data Transfer Check......................................................................................................................36
5
REFERENCE AND LOCAL CONDITIONS....................................................................................................38
5.1 Validation Spreadsheet ..................................................................................................................................38
5.2 Local Conditions.............................................................................................................................................38
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5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

Local Gravitational Acceleration ...............................................................................................................38

Local Atmospheric Pressure.....................................................................................................................38
Gas Viscosity ............................................................................................................................................40

APPENDIX A

ORIFICE PLATE FLOW METERS ...........................................................................................41

APPENDIX B

TURBINE FLOW METERS.......................................................................................................43

APPENDIX C

CORIOLIS METERS.................................................................................................................45

APPENDIX D

ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS ...............................................................................................47

APPENDIX E

STATIC PRESSURE TRANSMITTER .....................................................................................49

APPENDIX F

DP TRANSMITTER ..................................................................................................................53

APPENDIX G

TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER & RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTORS (RTD)...56

APPENDIX H

FLOW COMPUTER..................................................................................................................59

APPENDIX I

GAS QUALITY MEASUREMENT.............................................................................................61

APPENDIX J

VALIDATION CHECK LIST / SUMMARY OF TOLERANCES ..................................................66

APPENDIX K

VALIDATION REPORTS ...........................................................................................................69

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GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1

Scope
This manual is designed, to provide a technical reference for the operation and maintenance
of the gas measurement and monitoring systems on the Queensland Gas Pipeline.
The manual includes general detail of the overall measurement system and equipment, as
well as the philosophies used to develop the site specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
for:

1.2

Validation and calibration of measurement equipment.

Analysis of validation data.

Adjustment of measured flow quantity.

Application
The scope of the manual applies to all Jemena operated custody transfer and check metering
facilities on the Queensland Gas Pipeline extending from the receipt/delivery facility at Wallumbilla
to delivery facilities in Gladstone and Rockhampton. Figure 1 and Figure 2 provide an overview of
the measurement facilities currently maintained on the Queensland Gas Pipeline.
Inspection and testing of both the fiscal and non fiscal measurement equipment is addressed in
this manual. For the field operations refer to Jemena standard operating procedures.
The inspection and testing procedures for independently owned and operated measurement
facilities on the Queensland Gas Pipeline are not addressed in this manual.
Jemena may, at its sole discretion, approve alternate ownership arrangements for measurement
equipment however; such equipment shall conform to the same standards as if Jemena were the
operator or as otherwise agreed.

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Figure 1: Queensland Gas Pipeline Facility Overview Map

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Location

QGP Measurement Manual

Status Meter
Assem
bly

Meter
Runs

Pipe
Dia.
mm

Flow Temp. Press. MSV dP

SCA Gas Moisture Gas
Com Trans Trans & dP Trans DA Samp Analyser Chroma
puter ducer ducer Trans ducer
ler
tograph
ducer

Not in
use

Orifice

Single

Not in
use

Orifice

Single

Wallumbilla
EPIC

Ultrason

Single

N/A

Gooimbah

Ultrason

Dual

N/A

Wallumbilla
Santos
Wallumbilla
AGL (APA)

Fairview

Orifice

Single 146.325

Westgrove

Orifice

Single 146.325

Rollestone

Orifice

Single 146.325

Rollestone
Compr. St.

Non
Fiscal

Ultrason
Coriolis

Banana
Compr. St.

Non
Fiscal

Ultrason
Coriolis

Gladstone
City Gate

Orifice

Dual

247.595
247.581

QAL

Note 1

Ultrason

Dual

N/A

BSL
Boyne

Note 1

Turbine

Single

N/A

Larcom
Creek

Note 1

Orifice

Single

74.211

Rockhamption Note 1
City Gate

Orifice

Dual

74.761
74.090

QMAG

Note 1

Turbine

Single

N/A

ORICA

Note 1

Turbine

Single

N/A

Gladstone
Breslin Str

Rotary

Single

N/A

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X

Rockhamption
North

Turbine

N/A

Rockhamption
South

Turbine

Single

N/A

Moura

Coriolis

Single

N/A

Wide Bay

Orifice

Single

77.927

Ultrason

Dual

N/A

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X

Orifice

Single

73.711

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

Yarwun
QER

Dual
Series

TICOR

Not in
use

Orifice

Single

AMC

Not in
use

Orifice

Single

Table 1: Queensland Gas Pipeline Metering Facilities

Note 1: These sites have live gas component downloaded to flow computers via SCADA
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1.3

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

Terminology & Definitions

1.3.1 TERMINOLOGY
Unless otherwise stated, all units and terminology used shall be in accordance with:

Australian Standard AS1000-1979 The International System of Units (The SI System) and Its
Application and regulations there under, and

Commonwealth Weights and Measures (National Standards) Act1960-1973 as amended and

including Regulations.

Australian Gas Association publication Metric Units and Conversion Factors for use in the
Australian Gas Industry.

To ensure the technical integrity of various standards and software sourced internationally,
conversion factors commonly used and accepted in the Australian gas pipeline industry are used.
1.3.2 DEFINITIONS
AGA 3 means the American Gas Association Report No 3, Orifice metering of natural gas and
fluids measurement. Part 3, natural gas applications ANSI / API 2530 August 1992, together with
all appendices thereto.
AGA 7 means the American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report
No. 7 Measurement of Gas by Turbine Meters Second Revision April1996 together with all
appendices thereto.
AGA 8 means the American Gas Association report No 8 for calculation of super compressibility
of natural gas Second Edition November 2003
AGA 9 means the American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report
No. 9 Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meter Second Edition April 2007
AGA 11 means the American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report
No. 7 Measurement of Gas by Coriolis Meter October 2003

AMC means Australia Magnesium Corporation.

Billing Period means the period from 0800 hours on the first day of each month to 0800 hours
on the first day of the following calendar month.
BSL means Boyne Smelters Limited.
Calibration is to determine the accuracy of a measurement instrument.

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Calibration Gas refers to the gas used by a Gas Chromatograph to calibrate against known
mole percentage values.
Contract(s) refers to the various agreements for the purchase and transport of gas via the
Queensland Gas Pipeline.
ControlWave is an Emerson Process Remote Terminal Unit used as an electronic platform for the
pipeline facilities control systems.
Control is a function of Jemena in monitoring the Pipeline via the SCADA system and in
executing the necessary actions and directives to ensure the effective receipt, transportation and
delivery of gas to the Purchasers.
GT Control refers to the place where gas transmission control occurs.
Custody Transfer is the transfer of responsibility for the care and keeping of the gas.
Delivered refers to gas having left the pipeline at the delivery point/s specified in the relevant
contract as the point of transfer of custody of the gas from Jemena to the relevant shipper.
Elliot Flow computer receives data from the pressure, D.P and temperature transmitter. Also
receives Gas chromatograph data to calculate flow rates.
Energy is the volume of gas in standard cubic metres multiplied by the Gross Heating Value
(GHV). Standard units are Gigajoules (GJ).
Energy Accounting is the determination of all quantities of gas added to or subtracted from and
remaining in the Jemena Pipeline system each billing period and the determination of the energy
content of all such quantities of gas.
Gas shall mean any naturally occurring mixture of one or more hydrocarbons in a gaseous state,
and zero or more of the gases hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, helium and carbon dioxide, and the
residue gas resulting from the treating or processing of the natural gas.
Gas Used is that amount of gas calculated by Jemena to have been consumed by Jemena in
normal pipeline operations such as fuel for heaters, venting and instrument gas consumption, and
will include compressor fuel in later years.
Gigajoule (GJ) is equal to 109 Joules.
Gladstone City Gate Station means the facility, constructed by the pipeline owner at the
termination of the main section of the pipeline outside the City of Gladstone.

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QGP Measurement Manual

GPA 2172 means Gas Processors Association Standard 2172-84 (or subsequent revisions), and
is the method used to calculate Gross Heating Value, Specific Gravity and Super compressibility
of natural gas mixtures from compositional analysis.
Gross Heating Value (GHV), also known as Higher Heating Value (HHV) shall mean the
energy produced by the complete combustion of one cubic metre of gas with air, at a temperature
of 15 degrees Celsius and at an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa, with the gas free of all water
vapour, and the products of combustion cooled to 15 degrees Celsius, the water vapour formed
by combustion condensed to the liquid state, expressed in MJ per standard cubic meter (MJ/scm).
Imbalance exists in relation to an agreement if there is a difference on any day between the
quantities of gas received by the access provider at a receipt point/s for a facility users account
and the quantities of gas delivered to or on account of the facility user at the delivery point/s.
Input Quantity means the total of all gas received into the pipeline for a given billing period, as
measured by the inlet meters.
ISO 6976 means Natural Gas calculation of Calorific values, density, relative density, and wobbe
index from Composition.
Jemena Owned Gas is the quantity (in GJ) of gas in the pipeline equal to the difference
between linepack and imbalance.
Joule means the energy expended or the work done when a force of one Newton moves the
point of application a distance of one metre in the direction of that force.
Kilopascal (kPa) is one thousand pascals and is by definition a measure of absolute pressure.
It is sometimes convenient for instrument calibration to use the term kilopascal gauge (kPag).
This means that the gauge reads zero at atmospheric pressure.
Linepack means the calculated quantity of gas contained in the pipeline at a given point in time
(which is necessary for physical operation of the pipeline, excluding System use gas).
Measurement Authority is the Pipeline Owner.
Measuring Equipment includes but is not limited to the pipeline owners meters, temperature
and pressure transmitters, flow computers and gas chromatographs.
Megajoule (MJ) is 106 Joules.
Month means a period extending from the beginning of the first day in a calendar month to the
beginning of the first day in the next calendar month.
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QGP Measurement Manual

Moura Seamgas means Moura Coal Seam Methane Operations.

NX 19 means the PAR Project NX 19 to research the Extension of Range of
Supercompressibility Tables and developed equations.
Off-specification Gas means gas other than Sales Specification Gas.
Orica means Orica Australia Operations Pty Ltd.
Origin means Origin Energy
Output Quantity is the total amount of gas delivered by the pipeline in a given period as
measured by the meters at pipeline outlet locations.
Petajoule (PJ) means 1015 joules.
Pipeline means the pipeline licensed under Pipeline Licence No. 30 pursuant to the Petroleum
Act.
Pipeline Controller refers to an employee of Jemena working at the Pipeline Control Centre in
Melbourne.
Pipeline Inlet refers to the location(s) at which gas enters the pipeline, specified in the relevant
contract as the point of transfer of custody of the gas from the relevant supplier to the shipper and
simultaneously and instantaneously from the shipper to the pipeline owner.
Pipeline Outlet refers to the location at which gas leaves the pipeline, specified in the relevant
contract as the point of transfer of custody of the gas from the pipeline owner to the shipper.
Pipeline Owner is Jemena.
QAL is Queensland Alumina Limited
Q-Mag is Queensland Magnesium (Operations) Pty Ltd.
Quantity means the quantity of gas measured in terms of its energy content.
Received refers to gas having entered the pipeline at the inlet receipt point specified in the
relevant contract as the point of custody transfer from the supplier to the shipper .
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Reconciliation is the process through which Jemena conducts an energy balance at the end of
each billing period, and allocates any metering discrepancies in an agreed manner.
Sales Specification Gas is gas, which meets all of the agreed requirements for content and
properties as set out in Table 1
"Santos" refers to the company operating the Coal bed methane field located at Fairview near
Injune.
SCADA means Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition and refers to the electronic means of
receiving remote data and of sending remote control signals and data to pipeline facilities from the
Melbourne Control Centre.
Shipper shall mean an entity receiving transportation service on the pipeline pursuant to an
effective Transportation Service Agreement (also known as the facility user or, in certain
circumstances, access provider under the Pipeline Access Principles).
Specific Gravity is the density of dry gas divided by the density of dry air, both at 15 C and at a
pressure of 101.325 kPa.
Speed of Sound is the speed of sound for a particular gas composition.
Standard Cubic Metre of Gas shall mean the unit of volume of gas free from water vapour,
which would occupy a volume of one (1) cubic metre at a temperature of 15 Celsius and an
absolute pressure of 101.325 kilopascals.
Standard Measurement Conditions are defined as 101.325 kPa and 15 Celsius
Straightening vanes tubes found upstream of the metering device to induce laminar flow.
"Suncor" refers to the operating company of the Suncor Oil Shale Project.
Supercompressibility means a factor expressing a deviation of a gas from perfect gas laws.
Supplier refers to that party contracted by a shipper to supply gas at any of the pipeline inlets for
transport in the Queensland Gas Pipeline.
System Use Gas means the quantity of gas used in the operation of the pipeline, including, fuel
gas and lost or unaccounted for gas.

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GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

12

Terajoule (TJ) means 10 joules.

"Ticor" refers to Ticor Chemical Company.
Validation or "Verification" is the process of periodically checking and servicing the
measurement equipment to ensure that it continues to function within agreed levels of accuracy.
Wobbe Index is the calorific value of the gas on a volumetric basis, at specified reference
conditions, divided by the square root of the relative density of the gas at the same specified
metering reference conditions.

1.3.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Measurement Standards:
American Gas Association
Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 3
Orifice Metering of Natural Gas Third Edition 1992 Second Printing 2003
American Gas Association
Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 7
Measurement of Gas by Turbine Meters Second Revision1996
American Gas Association
Transmission Measurement Committee Report No 8
Compressibility Factors of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases Second Edition
November 1992 Third printing November 2003.
American Gas Association
Transmission Measurement Committee Report No 9,
Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meter Second Edition April 2007
American Gas Association
Transmission Measurement Committee Report No 11,
Measurement of Gas by Coriolis Meter October 2003
Australian Standard 1376 1973 Conversion Factors
ISO 6976 - Natural Gas: Calculation of Calorific Values, Density, Relative Density and Wobbe
index from composition.

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QGP Measurement Manual

2 GAS VOLUME MEASUREMENT

2.1

General and Overview

Jemena is the Measurement Authority for the Queensland Gas Pipeline (QGP) with responsibility
for measurement and reconciliation of gas received and delivered on the QGP. Generally,
Jemena owns, operates and maintains flow and gas quality measuring equipment at Receipt and
Delivery Points on the pipeline. Check metering facilities are located at strategic positions
upstream of the Rockhampton and Gladstone markets to measure the co-mingled quality and
quantity of gas prior to delivery. Flow measurement facilities are maintained by Jemena at each
Delivery Point, except at Origin Energy locations, which are maintained by Origin Energy. Where
Delivery or Receipt Point measurement equipment is owned or operated by a 3rd party, they will
be maintained in accordance with this manual and Jemena requirements or as otherwise agreed.
Monitoring of flow is achieved using the SCADA system. Land, satellite and on radio
communications link the Melbourne Control Centre to on site measurement equipment at each
receipt, check and key delivery points.
Measured flow is corrected for temperature and pressure to produce instantaneous volumetric and
energy based flow rates at standard conditions in the on site flow computer. The on-site flow
computer maintains an accumulated record of volume and energy passing through the meter. In
conjunction with line pack calculations, the accumulated quantities are used for the daily
reconciliation and balancing of the pipeline. Those Delivery Points not scanned by the SCADA
system are checked daily, with accumulator data forwarded to the Melbourne Control Centre.
Shipper delivery points have either Ultrasonic, Orifice, Coriolis or turbine metering systems, which
include compensation of energy flow for temperature and pressure.
The equipment specification varies between measurement facilities, however the schematic
shown below identifies and links the key repeated components.

Flow Data

Meter
Assembly

Static Temperature

Temperature
Sensor

Flow
Computer

Static Pressure

Pressure
Sensor

Gas
Chromatograph

Gas Quality

Instantaneous:
-mass flow
-volumetric flow
-std. volumetric flow
- energy flow
-temperature
-pressure
-gas quality

Local Display

Local
Printer

Totalised:
-mass flow
-volumetric flow
-std. volumetric flow
- energy flow
SCADA

Gas Quality

Meter Tube

Figure 3: Measurement Facility Schematic

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2.2

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

Meter Assembly
The meter assembly measures dynamic flow properties for use in the calculation of volumetric and
energy flow. Four styles of meter assembly are in service on the pipeline. Jemena receipt and
check stations use orifice, ultrasonic and coriolis type meters. At the Delivery Points, a mixture of
orifice, ultrasonic, and turbine meters are employed.

2.2.1 ORIFICE METERS

The orifice meter most frequently handles the process of measuring large volumes of gas. It
consists of an orifice plate to constrict the size of the flow path at a particular point causing the
gas to increase velocity in order to pass through the orifice. This subsequently causes a rapid
drop in static pressure directly behind the orifice plate that, with the use of some means of
measuring equipment, allows calculation of the instantaneous flow rate. Straightening vanes are
inserted in the upstream section of the meter tube to aid in eliminating the turbulent flow patterns
induced by certain features of the upstream piping allowing a concise meter reading as shown in
Figure 4.

Figure 4: Orifice Meter Schematic

Orifice meters are installed, operated and maintained as per the requirements of the American
Gas Association (AGA) Report No. 3.
Orifice plates are removed and checked for recorded dimensional details, flatness, and sharpness
of leading edge (in compliance with the manual of petroleum measurement standards CH 14
Section 3). Differential pressure sensing lines are leak tested. Differential pressure transmitters
are calibrated across their range. A known differential pressure is applied to the transmitter and
the differential pressure reading (kPa) from the flow computer display is compared for accuracy of
values.
Dual differential pressure transmitters are fitted where analogue signals are used between the
transmitters and the flow computers, maximising the acceptable flow range of a given plate.
Where the use of digital signals has been implemented, a single DP transmitter is used. Ongoing
performance monitoring, guards against the under or over ranging of the meters, with plates
changed out to suit short or long term changes to flow conditions Temperature and pressure
transmitters are located with each meter and are used to calculate the volumetric flow at
Standard Measurement Conditions.
Details on the orifice meters used on QGP can be found in Appendix A & J.

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2.2.2 TURBINE METERS

The turbine meter is generally used where there is a requirement to record smaller more variable
flow rates. The turbine meter has a turbine rotor, which rotates as gas passes through it.
Permanent magnets attached to the rotor tips turn with the rotor and produce magnetic currents in
a coil causing a voltage pulse. Every time a magnet passes the coil a pulse is recorded and the
total amount of gas that has gone through the meter is calculated. Straightening vanes are
inserted in the upstream section of the meter tube to aid in eliminating the turbulent flow patterns
induced by the upstream piping allowing a concise meter reading as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Turbine Meter Schematic

All turbine meters are installed in accordance with AGA 7 and are laboratory calibrated prior to
installation.
Temperature and pressure transmitters are located with each meter and are used to calculate the
volumetric flow at Standard Measurement Conditions.
At approximately six-month intervals, the in-service turbine meter is placed in series with another
laboratory calibrated meter. The throughput of each meter is measured and recorded. The
results of the comparison must be within 1% for continued use of the in-service turbine.
The pulse transmitter on the meter is tested using a frequency generator.
A calibrated spare meter or spare internals is held in stock to allow replacement of any
deteriorating meter.
Details on Turbine meters used on QGP can be found in Appendix B & J.
2.2.3 CORIOLIS METERS
The Coriolis Meter uses an obstruction less U-shaped tube as a sensor. Inside the sensor
housing, the sensor tube vibrates at its natural frequency. The sensor tube is driven by an
electromagnetic drive coil located at the centre of the bend in the tube and vibrates similar to that
of a tuning fork (Figure 6a).

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Figure 6a

QGP Measurement Manual

Figure 6b

Figure 6c

The fluid flowing into the sensor tube is forced to take on the vertical momentum of the vibrating
tube. When the tube is moving upward during half of its vibration cycle the fluid flowing into the
sensor resists being forced upward by pushing down on the tube. (Figure 6b)
The fluid flowing out of the sensor has an upward momentum from the motion of the tube. As it
travels around the tube bend, the fluid resists changes in its vertical motion by pushing up on the
tube. The difference in forces causes the sensor tube to twist. When the tube is moving
downward during the second half of its vibration cycle, it twists in the opposite direction. This
twisting characteristic is called the Coriolis effect. (Figure 6c).
The amount of sensor tube twist is directly proportional to the mass flow rate of the fluid.
Electromagnetic velocity detectors located on each side of the flow tube measure the velocity of
the vibrating tube. Mass flow is determined by measuring the time difference exhibited by the
velocity detector signals. During zero flow conditions; no tube twist occurs, resulting in no time
difference between the two velocity signals. With flow, a twist occurs with a resulting time
difference between the two velocity signals. This time difference is directly proportional to mass
flow
The Flow Computer receives data from the Meter in terms of pulses/kg and live gas quality data
from a gas chromatograph, this enables calculation of gas volume and energy flow rates at
standard conditions.
Details on Coriolis meters used on QGP can be found in Appendix C & J.

2.2.4 ULTRASONIC METERS

The Ultrasonic meter measures the difference in time taken for sound waves to travel in the gas
stream between up and downstream-paired transducers. Ultrasonic sound pulses are launched in
each direction (as shown in Figure 7), their time of transit is measured, and the difference can be
related to the speed of flow in the pipe. Ultrasonic meters have several sound wave paths
through the gas in the pipe. Algorithms are used to derive the average flow velocity and
determine if swirl or turbulence is present. The actual volumetric flow rate is calculated from the
average velocity and the internal diameter of the meter.
The Flow computer converts the actual volumetric flow rate to volumetric flow rate at Standard
Conditions and Energy flow rate using inputs from pressure and temperature sensors and gas
quality data.

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Figure 7: Ultrasonic Meter Schematic

Where:
D

= Diameter of pipe

= Ultrasonic wave path distance

A & B = Transducers

= Angle between pipe axis and acoustic path

= Velocity of gas

Ultrasonic meters are installed, operated and maintained as per the requirements of the American
Gas Association (AGA) Report No. 9, latest edition, and the manufactures installation, operating
and maintenance manual.
Periodic checks, called validations, are carried out to confirm the accuracy and integrity of the
meter set. This includes checks of the Automatic Gain and Level Control, correct ultrasonic pulse
rate and velocity of sound. This data indicates if any of the ultrasonic paths are fouled, the meter
is subject to external noise or any of the ultrasonic transducers are deteriorating. Monitoring of the
measured velocity of sound will show if there is any change in a critical dimension or the reference
clock has drifted. Checks and calibration of temperature and pressure transmitters are also
carried out during a validation.
On-line diagnostics continuously monitor the performance of the meter. These diagnostic checks
help to locate any metering discrepancies. Once identified, a discrepancy is investigated by
Jemena field staff. Metered data validations will be initiated to prove metering at any site as
dictated by the field investigation.
Where possible, delivery point meters will be operated in series with a nominated duty meter and
stand-by meter.
Details on the Ultrasonic meters used on the QGP can be found in Appendix D & J.

2.3

Transmitters, Sensors and RTDs

Transmitters, Sensors and Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) are mounted with each
meter assembly depending on site requirements. They are used in the calculation of the
correction factor which, converts the gross metered flow to a net volume at standard
measurement conditions.

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2.3.1 STATIC PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

The static pressure transmitter is comprised of a simple diaphragm of which one side is exposed
to pressure. The amount of pressure placed on this diaphragm provides a corresponding
distortion, which can be measured to give a static pressure reading. The static pressure sensing
lines are leak tested and the transmitter is calibrated across its range. The flow computer display
pressures are then compared to known test values.
Accuracy of the Static pressure sensor and flow computer inputs are checked periodically as part
of routine validations
The transmitter is calibrated across its range using a Dead Weight Tester (DWT) or an electronic
pressure calibrator. A known pressure is applied to the transmitter. The pressure reading (kPa)
from the flow computer display is compared to a known value.
The DWT and electronic pressure calibrator is regularly bench calibrated at a NATA certified
facility.
Allowance is made for local gravity, barometric pressure head of oil, and temperature for the
DWT.
For both the Ultrasonic and Turbine meters, pressure sensors are mounted on each meter
assembly. The static pressure is used in the calculation, which converts the actual metered
volumetric flow to a volume flow at standard conditions.
A pressure sensor is also mounted on the coriolis meters for pressure compensation of the sensor
tube
Details on Pressure Transmitter validation spread sheet can be found in Appendix K.
Details on Pressure Transmitter used on QGP can be found in Appendix E & J.

2.3.2 RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTORS (RTD)

The operating principle of the Resistance temperature detector is relatively simple. A platinum
wire is fixed within a probe positioned mid stream in the pipe. The resistivity of a conductor is
proportional to its temperature. Hence, variation in gas temperature can be inferred from the
variation in the measured resistance across the platinum wire. Flow computers monitor the
resistance across the platinum wire and convert it to temperature for use in flow calculations.
Accuracy of the RTD and flow computer inputs are checked periodically as part of routine
validations of gas analysis and energy accounting equipment.
The RTD is performance checked using an ice point generator. The measured resistivity at 0 C.
is compared to the expected 100 Ohms.
Details on Temperature Transmitters used on QGP can be found in Appendix G & J.
2.3.3 MULTI-VARIABLE SENSORS (MVS)
A multi-Variable Sensor is the combination of both a static pressure Sensor and differential
pressure Sensor (D.P) in the one unit. The Sensor is made up of two diaphragms, of which the
distortion under pressure is measured to give a comparative readout. Multi-Variable Sensors also
have the added advantage that they are a lot simpler to use during calibration. This is due to that
fact that digital data transfer is used instead of the analogue system that requires regular
adjustment.
Details on where (MVSs) are used on QGP can be found in Figure 2.

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2.3.4 AUTOMITTER
The flow Automitter unit is comprised of a Multi-Variable Sensor and an attached RTD forming a
complete gas flow measurement interface for one orifice run. The unit provides for static pressure,
differential pressure and temperature inputs to the flow computer transferred with a digital signal.

2.4

Flow Computers
The flow computer performs three main functions:

Computation of volume and energy flow-rate

Calculation of flow Accumulation registers.

Data transfer

Each ultrasonic and turbine meter is connected to a local electronic flow computer, which receives
volume flow signals from the meter. It also receives pressure and temperature information from
the transmitters. From these inputs and along with the gas quality data, the flow computer
continuously calculates the corrected volume and energy flow through the meter.
Each Coriolis meter is connected to a local electronic flow computer, which receives a mass flow
signal from the meter. Volume at standard conditions and energy flow rates through the meter are
calculated from this signal and the specific gravity and heating value of the gas provided by a gas
chromatograph.
Each orifice plate meter is connected to a local electronic flow computer, which receives a
differential pressure developed across the orifice plate. The pressure drop across the plate is
related to the instantaneous flow rate. . It also receives pressure and temperature information
from the transmitters. From these inputs and along with the gas quality data, the flow computer
continuously calculates the corrected volume and energy flow through the meter.
All flow computers accumulate volume and energy totals.
All calculations done by the computer are in accordance with recognised industry standards.
Gas quality data electronically downloaded to each flow computer includes:
-

Higher(Gross) Heating Value

Relative Density

Nitrogen Content

Carbon Dioxide Content

Hydrocarbon Components

Meter specific data

Inputs manually programmed into the flow computers are:

-

Site specific Atmospheric Pressure

Contract Base Pressure

Contract Base Temperature

SCADA outputs from the computer are:

-

Pressure

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Temperature

Flow Rate

Energy Rate

Accumulated Flow

Accumulated Energy

Specific Gravity

Heating Value

Gas component data

Yesterdays energy

Yesterdays volume

Contract energy accumulator

Contract volume accumulator

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Flow calculations are carried out as per the AGA standard appropriate to the metering apparatus.
Supercompressibility is calculated for the purpose of flow correction as per the requirements of the
AGA Report No. 8, second edition 1992.
All functions of the flow computer are checked using electronic test instrumentation. Performing a
flow calculation using measured properties substituted into custom software, and comparing the
result with that from the flow computer assesses calculation accuracy.
Details on Flow computer validation checks can be found in Section H.

2.5

Computation of Corrected Gas Volumes and Energy

Calculation of volumetric flow is specific to the metering system being used.
In general, however, the meter assembly is measuring the flow.
Turbine meters, Coriolis and ultrasonic meters measure the volume of flowing gas directly (m3).
Orifice meters infer flow velocity from a measured pressure differential across a fixed restriction in
the gas stream.
The measured, gauge flow rate (m3) is corrected to standard conditions (sm3) using a correction
factor based on the gas composition and the flow temperature and pressure.
The energy based flow rate (GJ/day) used in the daily operation of the pipeline is established by
multiplying the calculated standard flow rate (sm3/hr) by the calculated Gross Heating Value
(MJ/sm3) of the gas, and adjusting the time scale.

3 GAS QUALITY MEASUREMENT

3.1

General
Gas entering the pipeline must meet certain specifications before it is transmitted through the line.
Jemena monitor the gas quality to ensure it meets these specifications

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3.2

QGP Measurement Manual

Specifications
The Jemena Standard Terms and Conditions for the QGP state the acceptable gas quality limits
that apply to gas to be transported. Those requirements are restated in Table 1 below. Jemena is
contractually obligated to flow, on behalf of its Shippers, only gas that meets the specification. It
is the Shippers responsibility to ensure that gas to be transported meets this specification at its
Receipt Point(s).
Jemena will immediately notify the Shipper and Supplier when gas is not meeting specifications as
identified by Jemena gas quality measuring devices at the Receipt Point(s). Steps as outlined in
Section 4.13 of the Operations Manual may be taken by Jemena in the event of off-specification
gas. However, this action, nor the knowledge of the presence of off-specification gas by Jemena
personnel relieve the Shipper from its contractual obligation for providing gas meeting
specifications, or liability for any consequential damage incurred by Shippers directly or indirectly
due to the acceptance of off-specification gas on behalf of a Shipper.

3.2.1 NATURAL GAS SPECIFICATION

This specification requires that the Natural Gas:
1) Be commercially free from sand, dust, gums, gum forming constituents, crude oil, impurities or
other objectionable substances; and
2) Have measured or calculated values for certain parameters within the stated tolerances; and
3) To avoid damage to the Pipeline and associated infrastructure, or interference with:
i.

The transmission of the Natural Gas through the Pipeline; OR

ii. The commercial use of the Natural Gas by you and other Users.
Table 2: Requirements for acceptable gas quality
ITEM
SPECIFICATION
Minimum
Temperature

10C

Maximum
Temperature

50C

Wobbe Index

Minimum 47.0

Maximum Oxygen

Maximum 52.0
0.2 mol%

STANDARD

AS4564
3

Maximum Inerts

6 mol% if HV37.9 MJ/m3 and 42.3 MJ/m

(non-combustibles)

4 mol% if HV35 MJ/m3 and 43 MJ/m

Hydrocarbon
Dewpoint
Maximum Water
Content
Maximum
Hydrogen Sulphide
Maximum Carbon
Dioxide
Total Sulphur

Maximum 10C
1,000kPag 10,000 kPag
3

65 mg/m

7 mg/m

3.0% by volume
3

50 mg/m

AS4564

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QGP Measurement Manual

3

Mercaptan

15 mg/m

Gross Heating
Value

Minimum 35 MJ/m

3
3

Maximum 43MJ/m

NOTES:
1. All values measured or specified at 15C and 101.325 kPa unless otherwise stated.
2. Wobbe Index means the Higher Heating Value divided by the square root of the relative
density of the gas, both measured at the same time.
3. For the purposes of this clause, carbon dioxide and nitrogen shall be deemed to be inert
gases.
4. For the avoidance of doubt, objectionable substances include.:
a) material, dust and other solid or liquid matter, waxes, gums, gum forming constituents, and
unsaturated or aromatic hydrocarbons to an extent which might cause damage to, or
interfere with the proper operation of pipes, meters, regulators, control systems, equipment
or appliances;
b) Unsaturated or aromatic hydrocarbons to an extent which causes unacceptable sooting;
c) Other substances to the extent that they cause damage to, or problems in the operation of,
pipelines or appliances or that cause the products of combustion to be toxic, or hazardous
to health, other than substances that are usually found in natural gas combustion products.
5. Oil content shall be less than 20 ml per 1 TJ of gas

3.3

On Site Analysis
Gas Chromatographs that sample line gas and separate the inert and hydrocarbon components to
C6+ and C9+ are used to analyse the gas stream. Gas composition, specific gravity, heating
value and Wobbe Index of the gas are determined.
Moisture analysers are used to continuously sample the gas stream to establish its water dew
point.
RTD probes measure the gas temperature.
The table below lists the properties measured and calculated from the on-site analysis.
Table 3: Output from on-site analysis
MEASURED ON-LINE

CALCULATED ON-LINE

Hydrocarbon breakdown to C6+

Higher Heating Value

Hydrocarbon breakdown to C9+

Specific Gravity

Carbon Dioxide

Wobbie Index

Nitrogen

Hydrocarbon Dew Point

Moisture Dew Point

Gas Temperature

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Live monitoring of the gas quality is enabled via the SCADA system. Output from the on-site
measurement equipment is linked to the Central Pipeline Control Centre. Alarms are triggered
should the measured or calculated gas properties approach the limits specified.
3.3.1 CHROMATOGRAPHS
A small gas sample is retrieved from the pipeline at nominal intervals of 3 6 minutes. The
sample is separated into its basic components and is analyzed by the C6+ gas chromatograph,
returning the following:
-

Hexane Plus

(C6+)

Propane

(C3)

I-Butane

(I-C4)

N-Butane

(N-C4)

Neo-Pentane

(Neo-C5)

I-Pentane

(I-C5)

N-Pentane

(N-C5)

Nitrogen

(N2)

Methane

(C1)

Carbon Dioxide

(CO2)

Ethane

(C2)

The C9+ chromatograph system analyses for the following components:

-

Hexane

(C6)

Propane

(C3)

I-Butane

(I-C4)

N-Butane

(N-C4)

Neo-Pentane

(Neo-C5)

I-Pentane

(I-C5)

N-Pentane

(N-C5)

Nitrogen

(N2)

Methane

(C1)

Carbon Dioxide

(CO2)

Ethane

(C2)

Nonane+

(C9)

Octanes

(C8)

Heptanes

(C7)

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QGP Measurement Manual

Upper Section
Detector
Printer

Sample
Conditioner

Control
Electronics

Flow
Computer

Analyser
Electronics

SCADA
Meter Tube

Figure 8: Daniel Industries DANALYZER Chromatograph System

Component analysis, in general terms, is achieved by passing the sample gas through a
separation system. A thermal conductivity detector located at the outlet of the separator senses
the change in conductivity as each component elutes from the column and outputs an electrical
signal, proportional to the quantity and concentration passing across the sensor.
A microprocessor calculates the gas composition concentrations, Specific Gravity (real),
Compressibility Factor, Higher Heating Value (real; dry basis), and the Wobbe Index. The basis of
these calculations is GPA 2172 or ISO 6976. These figures are supplied to the flow computers for
correcting the meter data to standard volume conditions and calculating energy.
The chromatograph automatically calibrates itself every 24 hours using a reference gas customblended to be similar to the gas being transported. This reference gas is supplied with a
certification of analysis. The certified mole% of each gas is entered into the chromatograph to
allow self-adjustment on calibration.
In addition, the chromatograph is checked as part of routine validations of metering equipment
Hydrocarbon Dew Point is calculated in the Daniel 500 C9 + Gas chromatograph(s). The
calculations are based on two empirically derived equations of state (Redlich Kong Soave and
Peng Robinson) to predict the hydrocarbon dewpoint from the gas composition. The algorithms
return the hydrocarbon dew point maximum temperature (cricondentherm) and the temperature at
4 other pressures.
Details of the chromatographs on QGP can be found in Table 2

3.3.2 MOISTURE ANALYSER

The Alpha Moisture Analyser(s) draws a continuous sample stream from the gas flow and
provides an indication of water content. An analogue output signal and alarm is provided.

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A sensor, essentially a porous capacitor, is immersed in the gas sample stream. Water vapour is
absorbed into the hygroscopic dielectric layer of the sensor until equilibrium with the gas stream is
reached. The change in the dielectric value of the sensor is measured by the analyser and
equated to moisture content.
The analogue output of the analyser is connected to the SCADA system and is alarmed and
monitored.
The moisture analyser(s) are calibrated as part of routine verifications of gas analysis and energy
accounting equipment.

3.3.3 OFF SPECIFICATION GAS

Off specification gas is gas, which does not meet the required standards
If a Shippers receipt gas does not meet specification Jemena may exercise its right to terminated
receipt of gas from the Shipper.
Jemena may consider (at Jemenas sole discretion) co-mingling or blending of the off specification
gas with gas which is in the pipeline. However, if in the opinion of Jemena, the co-mingling or
blending of the off specification gas may have an adverse or deleterious effect on any other
Shipper on the pipeline, Jemena will terminate the receipt of such gas.
Jemena will immediately notify the Shipper and the Shippers Supplier of such action.
The Shipper can recommence supply when the Shipper can prove to Jemena that receipt gas has
been returned to within specification levels. Jemena will assist the Shipper, as is practicably
possible, in proving of the gas quality of the Shippers receipt gas.
Once Jemena is satisfied that the Shippers receipt gas is within specification then Jemena will
recommence receipt of gas for that Shipper.
Any time the Shipper requires Jemena will carry out check calibration or other tests to prove the
accuracy of its equipment in relation to off specification gas, as provided in Clause 4.1.4
Validation.
If Jemenas equipment is found to be correct then the shipper shall bear associated costs for the
testing of equipment.

4 VALIDATION
4.1

Validation Summary
Validation is the process of ensuring the accuracy of the gas quality and energy accounting
equipment. Validations are performed at each of the pipeline metering stations.

4.1.1 VALIDATION OVERVIEW

Validations shall be periodically performed to ensure the accuracy of the gas quality and energy
accounting equipment at each pipeline Meter Stations. The validations purpose is to assess the
conditions of measurement equipment in order for it to function within agreed tolerances.

4.1.2 COMMISSIONING AND FIRST YEARLY VALIDATIONS

New meter assemblies requiring commissioning shall have measurement equipment validated
within one week of initial operation and then continually validated for six weekly intervals for one
year of service.
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4.1.3 CONTINUAL PERIODIC VALIDATIONS

Recommended frequency of periodic validations is shown in Table 3 (times are recorded in
weeks). These periods may be shortened by the owner because of gas quality and energy
accounting equipment is outside (refer to appendix J) or extended by the owner provided that all
gas quality and energy accounting equipment records be within tolerances for 12 months.

4.1.4 OWNERS AND REPRESENTATIVES RESPONSIBILITIES

The validation tests are conducted on regular intervals as scheduled.
Representatives of each of the parties having a direct interest in the accounting of quantities of
gas passing through a given meter are given at least 48 hours notice in writing of the proposed
date and time of the tests so that they may witness the tests.
Witnesses are given the opportunity to attend the site to witness the validation and sign the report
to signify their attendance. Remarks can be made on the report to raise any concern.
In the event that any or all of the invited witnesses do not attend, the test results will nevertheless
be deemed to be an accurate statement of current performance and shall be accepted by all
parties.
One copy of each of the completed test reports will be forwarded to the relevant parties within 14
days of the test being completed. A copy of each report is filed at the QGP operations base and
at the Jemena document management system (ECMS).
In the event of equipment failure, damage or accuracy drift, the Pipeline Owner may conduct
interim validations without witnesses but shall, where possible, give prior notice to the relevant
parties that an interim validation is to be undertaken.
In any case, all interested parties will receive full written details of the validation results, and any
adjustments made as a result of the findings, including changes to manually programmed input
data in flow computers.
Any party may request that a validation be conducted between scheduled dates. In the event that
the equipment is found to be within specified tolerances, the requesting party is required to pay
the costs of conducting the extra validation.
Any Billing adjustments required, as a result of any validation, will be applied in accordance with
Jemena approved procedure.
Where possible, any maintenance will be done during a scheduled validation to be witnessed by
all parties.
Calibration of validation equipment is carried out according to the table shown in Appendix J.

4.1.5 FREQUENCY OF VALIDATIONS

Refer to Table 3 below for frequency of validation for all facilities on the QGP.

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Frequency of periodic validations to be performed by the pipeline owner or the meter owner
Location

Wallumbilla
Santos
Wallumbilla
AGL (APA)
Wallumbilla
EPIC
Gooimbah
Fairview
Westgrove
Rollestone
Rolleston CS
Banana CS
Gladstone
City Gate
QAL
BSL
Boyne
Larcom Creek
Rockhamption
City Gate
QMAG
ORICA
Gladstone
Breslin Str
Rockhamption
North
Rockhamption
South
Moura
Wide Bay
Yarwun
QER
TICOR
AMC

Meter

First
Year

Continuous

Assembly

Req-ments

Req-ments

Weeks

Weeks

Orifice

Not in use

Orifice

Not in use

Ultrasonic
Ultrasonic
Orifice
Orifice
Orifice

6
6
6
6
6

Ultrasonic
Coriolis

Validation Number (Val)

1

12
12
8
8
8

12

Ultrasonic
Coriolis

12

Orifice
Ultrasonic

6
6

8
12

Turbine
Orifice

6
6

26
8

Orifice
Turbine
Turbine

6
6
6

8
26
26

Rotary

Not in use

Turbine

26

Rotary
Coriolis
Orifice
Ultrasonic
Orifice
Orifice
Orifice

6
6
6
6
6
6
6

26
12
8
12
8
Not in use
Not in use

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Table 4: Frequency of meter periodic validations

Note 1: ____

QGP meters not owned by Jemena

______ QGP meters not owned and not validated by Jemena

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4.2

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Validation Spreadsheet

An Excel Spreadsheet is used to assist in the validation process. It helps to ensure that the process is consistent
between different sites. Following is a list of all relevant validation forms within the spreadsheet.
VAL 1 Test Equipment
VAL 2 DPs
VAL 3 Pressure
VAL 4 Temperature
VAL 5 Orifice FC & GOF
VAL 6 Gas Chromatograph
VAL 7 Moisture
VAL 8 Pressure Check Run
VAL 9 Turbine Flow Computer & GOF
VAL 10 Coriolis FC Vs Calculated Values
VAL 13 - Series Meter Comparison
VAL 14 Ultrasonic Meter Diagnostics
VAL 15 Ultrasonic FC Vs GOF
VAL 16 Data Transfer Test
Note: GOF is proprietary software that is "called" from the spreadsheet to calculate gas
flow data in accordance with the AGA standards.

4.1.1

VAL 1 TEST EQUIPMENT

Val 1 Test equipment is register for all certified test equipment used during a validation. At the
commencement of each validation, the model number, serial number, date of last certification and
accuracy of each piece of equipment is entered onto the sheet. The sheet is then printed and
signed for acceptance that the information entered is correct.
Val 1 is shown in Appendix K.
4.1.2

VAL 2 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

The Differential Pressure Transmitter form is used to validate the accuracy of the Differential
Pressure transmitter.
The type of pressure calibrating equipment to be used for the pressure test is selected either
Dead Weight Tester (DWT) or electronic pressure calibrator. If the DWT is selected the oil
temperature and hydraulic head are entered to give a corrected "required kPa".

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Pressures are applied across the pressure transmitter's range in steps of 10%, 50% and 90% of
site maximum pressure, as displayed on Val 3. From the flow computer the pressures are then
viewed on data view and entered into the "As Found kPa" table.
Once all pressures are applied and entered into the "As Found kPa" they are automatically
compared to "Required kPa" and an error shown. This error is then compared to the acceptable
variance to determine whether the transmitter is within tolerance.
If the transmitter is found to be within tolerance the "As Found kPa" values are copied into the "As
Left kPa" and Val 3 Pressure transmitter tolerance check is completed.
If the transmitter is found to be out of tolerance a transmitter calibration is carried out. Upon
completion all pressures are reapplied and re-entered into the "As Left kPa".
It the transmitter does not calibrate correctly it will be replaced.
Val 2 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.3

VAL 3 PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

The Pressure Transmitter form is used to validate the accuracy of the Pressure transmitter.
The type of pressure calibrating equipment to be used for the pressure test is selected either
Dead Weight Tester (DWT) or electronic pressure calibrator. If the DWT is selected the oil
temperature and hydraulic head are entered to give a corrected "required kPa".
Pressures are applied across the pressure transmitter's range in steps of 10%, 50% and 90% of
site maximum pressure, as displayed on Val 3. From the flow computer the pressures are then
viewed on data view and entered into the "As Found kPa" table.
Once all pressures are applied and entered into the "As Found kPa" they are automatically
compared to "Required kPa" and an error shown. This error is then compared to the acceptable
variance to determine whether the transmitter is within tolerance.
If the transmitter is found to be within tolerance the "As Found kPa" values are copied into the "As
Left kPa" and Val 3 Pressure transmitter tolerance check is completed.
If the transmitter is found to be out of tolerance a transmitter calibration is carried out. Upon
completion all pressures are reapplied and re-entered into the "As Left kPa".
It the transmitter does not calibrate correctly it will be replaced.
Val 3 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.4

VAL 4 TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER

The Temperature Transmitter report is used to validate the accuracy of the Temperature
transmitter.
The Temperature transmitter is calibrated across its range using a decade box. Different
resistances are applied to simulate an RTD at different temperatures.
The temperature or resistance indicated on Val 4 is dialled on the decade box. The
corresponding temperature can be viewed in the flow computer. This value is then entered into
the "As Found C".
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Once all Temperatures are dialled and entered into the "As Found C" they are automatically
compared to the "Required C" and an error shown. This error is then compared to the
acceptable variance to determine wether the transmitter is within tolerance.
If the transmitter is found to be within tolerance the "As Found" values are copied into the "As Left
C" and Val 4 Temperature transmitter tolerance check is completed
If the transmitter is found to be out of tolerance a transmitter calibration is required. Once
completed all temperatures are again stepped through and re-entered into the As Left on Val 4.
The transmitter is replaced if it cannot be calibrated to within tolerance.
RTD Probes
The RTD temperature probes are checked using a certified RTD probe, a water bath and a multi
meter. Both the RTD to be validated and NATA certified RTD are placed in the same water bath
and their resistances measured. These resistances are entered into the "As Found RTD"
calibration on Val 4 and automatically the variance is automatically calculated. This variance is
then compared to the variance limit to determine if the RTD is functioning correctly.
If the RTD being validated is found to be in tolerance the results entered in the As Found RTD
calibration are copied to the As Left RTD calibration and the RTD calibration is complete.
If the RTD being validated is found to be out of tolerance then the RTD is replaced and the new
RTD compared to the NATA certified RTD in the water bath. The resistance of the new RTD and
NATA certified RTD are entered into the As Left RTD calibration.
Val 4 is shown in Appendix K.

4.1.5

VAL 5 ORIFICE PLATE FC VS GOF

Orifice meter validation procedure

PARTIAL TEST
The flow throughput during the test is calculated using instantaneous flows, averaging the before
and after over the outage period.
Verify the pressure and temperature devices as per the standard operating procedures
To test the pre-amplifier and flow computer a signal generator is connected to the input of the preamplifier, the analogue delta p is measured and noted on form number Val 5. A printout is taken
from the flow computer and the flow parameters entered into the validation sheet Val 5.
A comparison of the calculated versus flow computer results is made to ensure system accuracy.

DATA AND TOLERANCES

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The tolerances for the pressure and temperature measurement devices shall be as per the
validation procedures.
The tolerance for the net flow in the Partial Test is +/- 0.113% and was derived from the following:
Signal generator drift +/- 0.05%
Frequency meter accuracy +/- 0.013%
Flow computer computation accuracy +/- 0.05%
Limit +/- 0.113%
The tolerance for the gross flow comparison on the Complete Test is +/- 1.0%

4.1.6

VAL 6 GAS CHROMATOGRAPH TOLERANCE CHECK

Val 6 Gas Chromatograph tolerance check is used to determine the Gas Chromatographs
operational status
Firstly the GC Serial number is selected on Val 6 along with the calibration bottle to be used for
the validation. Once these two parameters have been selected the calibration bottle gas
composite mole precents are automatically entered into the certified mole % column of Val 6.
Using the GC Mon program to talk to the Gas chromatograph the gas stream is changed from line
gas to calibration gas and let run for three cycles to insure all line gas is purged from the system.
Once the three cycles are complete the GC Mon report data is taken from the third cycle and
pasted into the GC_AF tab in the validation-spread sheet. The data from the GC_AF tab
automatically updates to Val 6 and is compared to the calibration bottles certified known SG, HV
and compressibility to give a total variance.
The variance is then compared to the allowable tolerance to determine if the GC readings are
within the set tolerances.
If the SG, HV and compressibility are found to be within tolerance the data pasted into the
GC_AF tab is copy into the GC_AL tab in the validation spread sheet and the Val 6 Gas
Chromatograph validation is complete.
If the Gas Chromatograph is found to be out of tolerance then a calibration is required. Once the
calibration is complete a copy of the results page of GC Mon is taken and pasted into the GC_AL
tab in the validation spread sheet.
Val 6 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.7

VAL 7 MOISTURE ANALYSER TOLERANCE CHECK

Val 7 Moisture Analyser tolerance check is used to determine the Moisture Analyser operational
status
Firstly the gas stream is changed from line gas to calibration gas and let run to ensure all line gas
is purged from the system. Once the readings have stabilised (confirmed using SCADA or a
communicator), the Moisture analyser the mg/m3 are compared to the concentration in the
certified calibration bottle. The mg/m3 that the analyser is reading and the ppm of the calibration
bottle are entered on Val 7 "As found". Once entered the variance between the analyser and the
calibration bottle is automatically calculated. This is then compared to the allowable variance.

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If the analyser is found to be in tolerance the "As Found" data is copied to the "As left" and the
Moisture Analyser tolerance check is complete.
If the analyser is found to be out of tolerance then the Moisture analyser is calibrated and new
data taken after the calibration is placed into the Val 7 As Left.
Val 7 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.8

VAL 8 PRESSURE CHECK RUN

The Pressure Check Run Transmitter form is used to validate the accuracy of the Pressure
transmitter.
The type of pressure calibrating equipment to be used for the pressure test is selected either
Dead Weight Tester (DWT) or electronic pressure calibrator. If the DWT is selected the oil
temperature and hydraulic head are entered to give a corrected "required kPa".
Pressures are applied across the pressure transmitter's range in steps of 10%, 40%, 60% and
90% of site maximum pressure, as displayed on Val 8. From the flow computer the pressures are
then viewed on data view and entered into the "As Found kPa" table.
Once all pressures are applied and entered into the "As Found kPa" they are automatically
compared to "Required kPa" and an error shown. This error is then compared to the acceptable
variance to determine whether the transmitter is within tolerance.
If the transmitter is found to be within tolerance the "As Found kPa" values are copied into the "As
Left kPa" and Val 8 Pressure transmitter tolerance check is completed.
If the transmitter is found to be out of tolerance a transmitter calibration is carried out. Upon
completion all pressures are reapplied and re-entered into the "As Left kPa".
It the transmitter does not calibrate correctly it will be replaced.
Val 8 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.9

VAL 9 TURBINE METER FC VS GOF

Turbine meter validation procedure

PARTIAL TEST
The flow throughput during the test is calculated using instantaneous flows, averaging the before
and after over the outage period.
Verify the pressure and temperature devices as per the standard operating procedures
To test the pre-amplifier and flow computer a signal generator is connected to the input of the preamplifier, the frequency measured and noted on form number Val 9. A printout is taken from the
flow computer and the flow parameters entered into the validation sheet Val 9.
A comparison of the calculated versus flow computer results is made to ensure system accuracy.
COMPLETE TEST
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The complete test involves placing a second turbine meter in series with the in-service meter
recording and comparing the measured throughput of each meter.
This test will identify if the in-service meters performance has deteriorated.
All equipment must be tested as per the partial test. This includes the pre-amplifier and flow
computer input for the second turbine meter.
To allow for temperature stabilisation the test should be performed over a minimum of eight hours,
preferably 24hrs
DATA AND TOLERANCES
The tolerances for the pressure and temperature measurement devices shall be as per the
validation procedures.
The tolerance for the net flow in the Partial Test is +/- 0.113% and was derived from the following:
Signal generator drift +/- 0.05%
Frequency meter accuracy +/- 0.013%
Flow computer computation accuracy +/- 0.05%
Limit +/- 0.113%
The tolerance for the gross flow comparison on the Complete Test is +/- 1.0%
Val 9 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.10 VAL 10 CORIOLIS METER FC VS GOF

The Val 10 Coriolis meter FC Vs GOF check is used to determine if the flow computer is
calculating the correct actual and standard flow accumulators, energy flow accumulator and Fpv.
The check also confirms that the correct number of pulses is being recorded.
At the commencement of the check via the flow computer data view, list 50 is placed in Forval
mode and the pressure and temperature control inhibited to insure constant values are retained
for the entire check. The pulse generator is also connected to the pulse input line of the flow
computer. A copy of the list 50 is then taken and paste into the Start Accum tab in the validation
spread sheet.
Once the data has been copied into the Start Accum tab successfully, pulses are injected into
the flow computer from the pulse generator to simulate flow-induced pulses from a meter. Once
the pulse injection is complete, another copy of list 50 is taken from the flow computer and pasted
into the End Accum tab in the validation spread sheet.
The number of pulses injected into the flow computer is then entered in the pulses cell of Val 10
and the calculated actual, standard and energy flow accumulators along with the FPv are
automatically calculated.
These calculated values are compared to the flow computers calculated values and a percentage
variance derived.
This variance is then compared to the allowable variance as indicated on Val 10 of the validation
spread sheet.
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Val 10 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.11 VAL 13 METER COMPARISON

The Val 13 meter comparison check is used to determine the variance in standard flow rate over a
set period of time between two meters. This check can only be carried out on sites where series
flow through two meters occurs.
From the SCADA Experion system a snapshot of flow accumulation taken from just after the daily
accumulator test is copied and pasted into the Start flow comp tab in the validation spread sheet.
Then the same step is completed in the same accumulation period just before the accumulators
reset. This snapshot is copied and pasted into the End flow comp tab in the validation-spread
sheet.
The data from the two tabs is then entered into Val 13.
Once entered the variance between the two meters is automatically calculated and is then
compared to the acceptable variance between the two meters.
Val 13 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.12 VAL 14 ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSTIC CHECK

Val 14 Ultrasonic Diagnostic Check is used to assess ultrasonic meter operational status. Data
accessible via a computer is used as key indicators of meter performance, and the nature of
problems affecting that performance. There are five main indicators of meter performance found
on Val 14 Ultrasonic Diagnostics Check.

Sample rate

Velocity of sound

Stability

AGC Levels

AGC Limits

Sample rate: The sample rate is used to determine that all ultrasonic pulses sent by the emitting
transducer are being collected by the receiving transducer. The Sample rate for all Jemena
ultrasonic meters is 15 Hz with a tolerance of + or 1 Hz.
Velocity of Sound or (VOS) is output as an average value of all pulse paths in the meter (m/s).
The VOS calculated by the meter is compared against that calculated from gas quality, pressure
and temperature using VOS calculated using proprietary software. This comparison is then used
to determine wether there is any performance faults with the meter. A tolerance of 1.5 m/s is set
for VOS comparison.

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Stability: This measures the status of Axial Path, Swirl Path, Flow and Swirl. A value up to 4
represents correct functioning.
AGC Levels: The AGC levels or automatic gain control levels, is an output from each transducer.
The ultrasonic meter relies on the transit time from when one transducer emits an ultrasonic pulse
until when the receiving transmitter hears that pulse. Certain devices commonly used on
standard meter stations can produce ultrasonic noise such as pressure regulators. In these noisy
environment gain levels increase to enable the detection of each transmitted pulse. The meter
automatically adjusts the gain of each transducer to achieve optimal metering capability.
AGC Limits: AGC limits are also outputs from each transducer. The limits are adjusted
automatically by the Signal Processing unit and are defaulted to a maximum level.
The AGC characteristics are best represented as a ratio of AGC limits to AGC levels. A ratio of 3:1
is a minimum requirement, with ratios of up to 10:1 being typical
The information required for Val 14 Ultrasonic Diagnostic Check is obtained from the site Flow
Computer List 50 and 51 Data view and is pasted into the Diagnostics tab in the validation-spread
sheet.
If an ultrasonic meter data link fault is present on the meter to be validated, information contained
in list 50 will not be "live" data. In this instance the meter data log file is the source of the data
entered into the list on the diagnostics tab.
Val 14 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.13 VAL 15 ULTRASONIC METER FC VS GOF

Val 15 Ultrasonic meter FC Vs GOF check is used to determine if the flow computer is correctly
calculating the actual and standard flow accumulators, energy flow accumulators and the
Supercompressibility (Fpv). The check also confirms that the correct numbers of pulses are being
recorded.
At the commencement of the check via the flow computer data view, list 50 is placed in Forval
(forward validation) mode and the pressure and temperature control inhibited to insure constant
values are retained for the entire check. The Pulse generator is also connected to the pulse input
line of the flow computer. A copy of list 50 is then taken and pasted into the Start Accum tab in
the validation-spread sheet.
Once the data has been copied into the Start Accum tab successfully, pulses are injected into
the flow computer from the pulse generator to simulate pulses from a meter. Once the pulse
injection is complete, another copy of list 50 is taken from the flow computer and pasted into the
End Accum tab in the validation-spread sheet.
The number of pulses injected into the flow computer is then entered in the pulses cell on Val 5
and the actual, standard and energy flow rates along with the FPV automatically calculate.
These calculated values are compared to the flow computers calculated values and a percentage
variance determined.

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This variance is then compared to the allowable variance as indicated on Val 15 of the validationspread sheet.
Val 15 is shown in Appendix K

4.1.14 VAL 16 DATA TRANSFER CHECK

The Val 16 Data transfer check is used to determine if the data that is constantly being transferred
to and from meter stations is being done correctly. It is only applicable to sites with Bristol Control
Wave micro sites.
Firstly the Type of GC must be selected using the selection box on Val 16 ("No GC on site" can
also be selected for sites that have no GC)
The data transfer check can be broken up into three main areas
1. Sites with a Gas Chromatograph
2. Sites without a Gas Chromatograph (Excluding Coriolis sites)
3. Coriolis sites
Sites with a Gas Chromatograph:
If a GC is on site then a data transfer from GC to Flow computer to SCADA system check is
conducted. This check comprises of three steps.
Step 1

Data from GC. This data is copied from GC Mon and pasted into the GC Data tab in the
validation-spread sheet. This data automatically updates to Val 16.

Step 2

Data from FC. This data is copied via the flow computer data view list 50. Once copied the
data is pasted in the FC list 50 data trans tab in the validation-spread sheet. This data
automatically updates to Val 16.

Step 3

Data from SCADA. This data is copied from the GC data page for the validation site. Once
copied the data is pasted into the SCADA GC data trans tab in the validation-spread sheet.
The data from the SCADA GC data trans is then entered by hand into Val 16.

The variance between the three data down loads is automatically calculated and compared to the
tolerance to insure correct operational status.
Sites without a Gas Chromatograph: (Excluding Coriolis sites)
If a GC is not on site then a data transfer SCADA system to Flow computer check is conducted.
This check comprises of only two steps
Step 1

Data from SCADA. This data is copied from the GC data page of the site where the Gas
analysis in conducted. Once copied the data is pasted into the SCADA GC data trans tab in

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the validation-spread sheet. The data from the SCADA GC data transfer is then entered by
hand into Val 16.
Step 2

Data from FC. This data is copied via the flow computer data view list 50. Once copied the
data is pasted in the FC list 50 data trans tab in the validation-spread sheet. This data
automatically updates to Val 16.

The variance between the two data down loads is automatically calculated and compared to the
tolerance to ensure correct operational status.
Coriolis Sites:
The Coriolis sites due to the Coriolis meter being a mass flow meter only require the SG and GHV
for operation. Due to this fact, on the Coriolis sites only the SG and GHV required to be proved in
the data transfer check. This check comprises of only two steps
Step 1

Data from SCADA. This data is copied from the GC data page of the site where the gas
analysis is conducted. Once the copied data is pasted into the SCADA GC data trans tab in
the validation sheet. The data from SCADA GC data trans is then entered by hand into Val
16.

Step 2

Data from FC. This data is copied via the flow computer data view list 50. Once copied the
data is pasted in the FC list 50 data trans tab in the validation spread sheet. This data
automatically updates to Val 16.

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5 REFERENCE AND LOCAL CONDITIONS

5.1

Validation Spreadsheet
In order to be able to equate flows at differing pressures and temperatures, a common reference
needs to be established. Defining the base conditions and converting all volumes to these
standard conditions achieves this. Industry accepted reference conditions within Australia are:
Measurement Reference Temperature

15C (288.15K)

Measurement Reference Pressure

101.325 kPa (abs)

Standard Gravitational Acceleration (gs)

At sea level and 45 latitude

5.2

9.80665 m/s

Local Conditions
The local gravitational acceleration and atmospheric pressure at each site varies. A universal
strategy must be established for determination of the local conditions to allow conversion to
Standard Conditions

5.2.1 LOCAL GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION

Local gravitational acceleration at each site is calculated in accordance with equation 3-A-10 of
AGA3-1992. The local gravity is dependent on the latitude and elevation of the site.

5.2.2 LOCAL ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

Local atmospheric pressure is also calculated for each site. It is calculated using the following
equation and is dependent on the elevation only.
P local = 101.325 (h* density air x gs)/1000
h

= elevation (m)

density air = 1.2255 kg/m3

gs

= 9.80665 m/s2

ALL LOCAL REFERENCE CONDITIONS CAN BE FOUND IN TABLE 4 AND 5

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Table 4
Site

Latitude
(deg)

Elevation

Local Gravity
(m/s2)

Local Atmos.
Pres. (kPa)

AGA3 ref.
Wallumbilla

26.694

302

9.790454

97.70

Gooimbah

25.937

425

9.789524

96.22

Fairview

25.625

469

9.789165

95.69

Westgrove

25.454

490

9.788978

95.44

Rolleston

24.710

270

9.789131

98.08

Oombabeer

24.515

125

9.789443

99.82

Moura

24.417

129

9.789363

99.77

Banana

24.361

175

9.789182

99.22

Bell Creek

24.149

313

9.788610

97.56

Larcom Creek

23.883

43

9.789260

100.81

GCG

23.655

12

9.789200

101.18

ORICA

23.655

9.789222

101.26

AMC

23.655

9.789222

101.26

Widebay GCG

23.655

14

9.789194

101.16

QAL

23.824

3.5

9.789342

101.28

Bajool

23.865

13.5

9.789339

101.16

Origin South Rton

23.35

9.789007

101.23

RCG

23.319

17

9.788958

101.12

Qmag

23.319

17

9.788958

101.12

Origin North Rton

23.319

17

9.788959

101.12

Suncor

23.655

21

9.789173

101.07

Ticor

23.655

18

9.789182

101.11

Yarwun

23.655

16.6

9.789200

101.13

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5.2.3 GAS VISCOSITY

Calculated by using average values of gas properties and entering them into figure 16-24 of the SI
version of GPSA Engineers Handbook
Table 5
Average Values used
Site

Viscosity
(Pa.s)

SG

P (kPa)

T (C)

Wallumbilla

0.63

9000

22.5

0.0000146

Westgrove

0.67

9500

22.5

0.0000152

Rolleston

0.57

9250

22.5

0.0000149

Moura

0.56

8500

22.5

0.0000145

GCG

0.625

6000

22.5

0.0000132

GCM

0.625

2700

22.5

0.0000117

Larcom
Creek

0.625

4000

12.5

0.0000118

RCG

0.625

4000

22.5

0.0000123

Q-Mag

0.625

2000

12.5

0.0000113

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APPENDIX A

ORIFICE PLATE FLOW METERS

---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Orifice Meter Field Set Up Procedures

At Gladstone City Gate, Rockhampton City Gate and QAL meter stations, dual meter runs are
installed. At all other stations there is only a single meter run.
At the stations with dual meter runs, the off-line meter run is to be verified first and upon completion of
validation, placed on line and the second meter run then verified.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

Notify Melbourne Control.

Obtain as found instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
Inhibit accumulation of calibration flow. One of several methods is used. Zero the
orifice plate value in the flow computer, or set DP to zero default, or lock the values by
placing the F/C in calibration mode.
Verify each of the measurement instruments as per the validation procedures.
Return the flow computer to normal settings.
Check that all data is updating correctly on the flow computer and at Melbourne Control.
Obtain as left instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
Notify Melbourne Control of completion of the validation and of any adjustments made
and forward the validation sheets to Melbourne Control.

Orifice Plate Validation Procedure.

PREPARATION
Check that the meter run upstream and downstream block valves are fully open. Report any
partly closed valves on validation spreadsheet Val 1 (Appendix K).
PLATE INSPECTION
Note : The meter run should be placed on bypass and the run blowdown as per Jemena standard
operating procedure orifice plate inspection.

CONDITION:
Visually check the plate and seal for dirt and damage. Report any coating of grease or dirt on
validation sheet Val 1 (Appendix K).Note the side of the plate is contaminated, the extent and the
thickness of the coating.
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FLATNESS:
Check the upstream face for flatness with a straight edge and feeler gauges.
perpendicular distance from the straight edge to the plate.

Measure the

At the worst of four equally spaced diametral checks, this distance should be less than 0.01 x (D d)/2 mm.
SMOOTHNESS:
A surface roughness of 1.3 microns is specified. Since this was the manufactured condition, field
checks are confined to checking whether the plate is as new or otherwise.
EDGE SHARPNESS:
Visually check that the edge is square and sharp. If any defect can be seen with the naked eye,
the plate must be changed. Report any wire or round edges, burrs, cuts or other peculiarities on
validation spreadsheet Val 1 (Appendix K).
DIMENSIONS:
Following manufacture, the orifice Diameter is certified as being within the specifications of AGA
3. Field checks are confined to ensuring that the correct plate is fitted.
COMPLETION
When the orifice assembly has been refitted, it is pressure tested using the gas in the pipeline.
All valves must be left fully open or the meter will not read accurately when it is put back into
service.
If the plate has been changed, ensure that the new data has been entered in the flow computer.
Make sure that validation sheet Val 1 (Appendix K) has been completely filled in and signed by
the witness.
Validation sheet Val 5 is use to determine standard flow rates and energy using AGA3 against
that of the flow computer when a orifice is being used. This check gives a percentage error of the
flow computer.

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APPENDIX B

QGP Measurement Manual

TURBINE FLOW METERS

---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Turbine Meter Field Set Up Procedures

a) Notify Melbourne Control.
b) Obtain as found instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
c) Verify each of the measurement instruments as per the validation procedures.
d) Obtain as left instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
e) Notify Melbourne Control upon completion of the validation.
f)

Forward the validation sheets to Melbourne Control.

Turbine meter validation procedure.

PARTIAL TEST
The totaliser readings are to be recorded prior to and on completion of testing to enable
corrections to be made to the monthly billing. The flow throughput during the test is calculated
using instantaneous flows, averaging the before and after over the outage period.
Verify the pressure and temperature devices as per the standard operating procedures
To test the pre-amplifier and flow computer a signal generator is connected to the input of the preamplifier, the frequency measured and noted on form number Val 9. A printout is taken from the
flow computer and the flow parameters entered into the validation sheet Val 9.
A comparison of the calculated versus flow computer results is made to ensure system accuracy.

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COMPLETE TEST
The complete test involves placing a second turbine meter in series with the in-service meter
recording and comparing the measured throughput of each meter.
This test will identify if the in-service meters performance has deteriorated.
All equipment must be tested as per the partial test. This includes the pre-amplifier and flow
computer input for the second turbine meter.
To allow for temperature stabilisation the test should be performed over a minimum of eight hours,
preferably 24hrs

DATA AND TOLERANCES

The tolerances for the pressure and temperature measurement devices shall be as per the
validation procedures.
The tolerance for the net flow in the Partial Test is +/- 0.113% and was derived from the following:
Signal generator drift +/- 0.05%
Frequency meter accuracy +/- 0.013%
Flow computer computation accuracy +/- 0.05%
Limit +/- 0.113%
The tolerance for the gross flow comparison on the Complete Test is +/- 1.0%

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APPENDIX C

QGP Measurement Manual

CORIOLIS METERS
---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Coriolis Meter Field Set Up Procedure

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Notify Melbourne Control.

Obtain as found instantaneous and configuration data from the Flow Computer.
Verify each of the measurement instruments as per the validation procedures.
Obtain as left instantaneous and configuration data from the Flow Computer.
Notify Melbourne Control upon completion of the validation.
Forward the validation sheets to Melbourne Control.

Coriolis Meter validation procedure.

PARTIAL TEST
This is carried out with the Meter bypassed. The flow readings are to be recorded prior to and on
completion of testing to enable corrections to be made to the monthly billing. The flow throughput is
calculated using instantaneous flows, averaging the before and after over the outage period.
Verify the pressure devices as per the validation procedures under Appendix E of this manual.
The Coriolis Meter is subject to a flow Meter zero test. This establishes the flow Meter response to
zero flow and sets a baseline for flow measurement.
To test the Flow Computer and pulse input card, a signal generator is connected to the Flow
Computer, a specific number of pulses injected and noted on form number Val 10. The number of
pulses registered by the Meter is compared to the pulses injected. The Flow Computer results are
compared to calculated results to ensure system accuracy.
COMPLETE TEST
This test involves a second Coriolis Meter in series with the in-service Meter recording and
comparing the measured throughput of each Meter.
This test will identify if the in-service Meters performance has deviated.

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All equipment must be tested as per the partial test. This includes the Pressure Transmitter and
Flow Computer test for the 2nd Meter. The test should be performed over a minimum of 8 hrs,
preferably 24 hrs.
This test is only performed at dual meter stations and currently not applicable for QGP coriolis
sites.
DATA AND TOLERANCE
The tolerances for the pressure, measurement devices and the flow computer shall be as per the
validation procedures in Appendix J.

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APPENDIX D

QGP Measurement Manual

ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS

---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Ultrasonic Meter Field Procedures

a) Notify Central Control Centre.
b) Obtain as found instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
c) Verify each of the measurement instruments as per the validation procedures.
d) Obtain as left instantaneous and configuration data from the flow computer.
e) Notify Central Control Centre upon completion of the validation.
f)

Forward the validation sheets to Central Control Centre.

PARTIAL TEST
This test is carried out on-line and is to monitor the meter performance.
Compare the flow results of the duty meter with the check meter and take action on any
discrepancies.
Carry out on-line diagnostics from the flow computer to ensure functionality of all transducers. This
data includes parameters associated with installation conditions such as path attenuation and
signal to noise levels. These values are compared with those of AGA9 recommendations.
A Speed of Sound check of the meter is performed. When the gas composition, pressure and
temperature are accurately known, the measured speed of sound can be compared with a
calculated speed of sound based on software supplied by the vendor.

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COMPLETE TEST
This test is carried out with both meters on-line.
Check meter set up parameters with those of the latest calibration certificate data. Information
includes path lengths, spool inside diameter, frequency output ranges etc. This is done by taking a
data log file using uniform software to talk directly to the ultrasonic meter.
Verify the pressure and temperature devices as per the validation procedures in Appendix E & G
of this Manual.
Compare the flow results of the duty meter with the check meter and recording the results. This is
to be carried out using SCADA history over a period of one billing period of uninterrupted flow.
Carry out on-line diagnostics from the flow computer to ensure functionality of all transducers. This
data includes parameters associated with installation conditions such as path attenuation and
signal to noise levels. These values are compared with those of AGA9 recommendations.
A Speed of Sound check of the meter is performed. When the gas composition, pressure and
temperature are accurately known, the measured speed of sound can be compared with a
calculated speed of sound based on software supplied by the vendor.
DATA AND TOLERANCE
The tolerances for the pressure and measurement devices shall be as per the validation
procedures in Appendix E & G. The tolerance for the Flow Computer shall be as per Appendix H
of this manual.
Val 14 & 15 are shown in Appendix K

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APPENDIX E

STATIC PRESSURE TRANSMITTER

---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

The pressure transmitter is connected to the high pressure flange tapping on the orifice plate
holder, to the turbine meter tapping point, on the upstream side of a PD meter or downstream of a
coriolis meter.
A 4-20 mA output signal is fed to the flow computer where it is converted to a digital signal for
inclusion in the flow computation and displayed on the flow computer display in kPa.
PARTIAL TEST
This test is carried out under normal flowing conditions.
A calibrated meter gauge is connected to a tee in the impulse line and the pressure reading is
compared with the flow computer display. If the reading is out of limits, a Complete test is
carried out.
Limits:

30 kPa

for transmitters ranged 0-10,200 kPa

15 kPa

for transmitters ranged 0- 5,100 kPa

COMPLETE TEST
The transmitter is isolated and de-pressured.
It is then calibrated at 10, 50 and 90% of span using a hydraulic dead weight tester.
The 4-20 mA output signal is measured across the test points at the front of the control panel.
Note: The 4-20 mA signal is measured across a precision 10 ohm resistor, therefore the reading is
40-200 mV.
The flow computer displayed pressure is also recorded. This checks the flow computer analogue
to digital conversion and the digital computation of pressure.

DATA AND TOLERANCES

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Range = 0 to 10,200 kPa at line pressure stations.

Range = 0 to 5,100 kPa after pressure reduction systems.
Transmitter tolerance = 0.15% of URV (20 mA)

= 0.03 mA

Flow Computer Tolerance (A/D), as % of input

= 0.02%

Total computer display tolerance

= 0.15 + 0.02 = 0.17%

Display tolerance:
At Line Pressure

= 0.17% of span (10,200 kPa) = 17 kPa

After pressure reduction

= 0.17% of span (5,100 kPa) = 8.5 kPa

CALIBRATION CALCULATIONS
For standard inputs, the nominal dead weight pressure for a given percentage of range input is
calculated as:
DWT = [ (Full Scale kPa - Offset kPa) x % of span ] + Offset kPa
100
Using the above formula:
Input

Hi Press

Lo Press

DWT kPa

DWT kPa

10

1,020

510

50

5,100

2,550

90

9,180

4,590

The above values are not convenient for applying to the dead weight test, therefore the following
values are used:
Input

Hi Press

Lo Press

DWT kPa

DWT kPa

10

1,000

500

50

5,000

2,500

90

9,000

4,500

Local Gravity Correction:

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Actual kPa (grav) = DWT kPa x

Local Gravity
Standard Gravity

See Section 5 Reference Conditions, for Gravity Data:

Liquid Head Correction:
The hydraulic oil used in the dead weight tester exerts a head pressure which must be deducted
from the applied pressure.
Oil of density 860 kg/m3 exerts a force per meter head of:
Force

Pressure per meter head

860

kgF/m2

860

x 9.80665* N/m2

8434

Pa

8.4

kPa

* Standard gravity
Therefore true applied kPa = (DWT kPa x Local Gravity/Standard Gravity) - 8.4 x Liquid Head m
To calculate either the kPa for a given mA or the mA for a given kPa use the following:
kPa = [ ( mA - 4 ) Span kPa ] + Offset kPa
16
mA = [ ( kPa - Offset kPa ) x 16 ] + 4
Span kPa

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DATA AND TOLERANCES

The tolerances for the pressure and temperature measurement devices shall be as per the
validation procedures.
The tolerance for the net flow in the Partial Test is +/- 0.113% and was derived from the following:
Signal generator drift +/- 0.05%
Frequency meter accuracy +/- 0.013%
Flow computer computation accuracy +/- 0.05%
Limit +/- 0.113%
The tolerance for the gross flow comparison on the Complete Test is +/- 1.0%
Val 3 is shown in Appendix K

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APPENDIX F

DP TRANSMITTER
---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

DP Transmitter Validation Procedure.

The differential pressure transmitter is connected to the high and low pressure flange tapings on an
orifice plate holder.
A 4-20 mA output or digital signal is fed to the flow computer where it is included in the flow
computation and displayed on the flow computer display in kPa.

CALIBRATION
The transmitter is calibrated at approximately 10, 50 and 90% or 0, 50 and 100% of span by
applying pressures to the high pressure side of the cell. Accurate pressure settings are
maintained by a pneumatic dead weight tester.
For Analogue signals the 4-20 mA output signal is read from the test points at the front of the control
panel. Note: The 4-20 mA signal is measured across a precision 10 ohm resistor, therefore the
reading is 40-200 mV.
The flow computer reading is also recorded. This checks the flow computer analogue to digital
conversion and the digital computation of differential pressure.
Note: Both the high and low differential pressure inputs to the Elliot flow computer are on a
common analogue input card. This card has adjustment which will affect both input readings,
therefore the As Found readings must be taken for both transmitters prior to adjusting the
analogue input card. The As Left readings for both transmitters must be taken after the
analogue input card is adjusted.

DATA AND TOLERANCES.

Low Range Transmitter Span

0 to 12.5 kPa

12.5 to 50 kPa

Transmitter Tolerance = 0.1% of URV (20mA)

0.02 mA

Flow Computer Tolerance (A/D), as % of input

0.02%

Total Computer Display Tolerance = 0.1 + 0.02

0.12%

High Range Transmitter Span

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Display Tolerances:
Low range: 0.12% of span (12.5 kPa)

0.015 kPa

High range: 0.12% of span (37.5 kPa)

0.045 kPa

CALIBRATION CALCULATIONS
For standard inputs, the nominal dead weight pressure for a given percentage of range input is
calculated as:
DWt = [ ( Full Scale kPa - Offset kPa ) x % of span ] + Offset kPa
100
Using the above formula:
Input

DWT

(kPa)

DP Hi

DP Lo

10

16.25

1.25

50

31.25

6.25

90

46.25

11.25

The above values are not convenient for applying to the dead weight test, therefore the following
values are used:
Nominal

Used DWTs
%

DP Hi

(kPa)
DP Lo

10

15

1.5

50

30

6.0

90

45

11.0

Local Gravity Correction:

Actual kPa = DWT kPa

Local Gravity
Standard Gravity

Dead Weight Tester temperature correction.

The reference temperature of the dead weight tester is 20 degrees C. Errors due to operating the
tester at different ambient temperatures are corrected by the equation:
Corrected Pressure =

dead weight pressure

1 + 0.0000167 (ambient temp. - 20)

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To calculate either the kPa for a given mA or the mA for a given kPa use the following:
kPa = [ ( mA - 4 ) x Span kPa ] + Offset kPa
16
mA = [ ( kPa - Offset kPa ) x 16 ] + 4
Span kPa

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APPENDIX G

TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER & RESISTANCE

TEMPERATURE DETECTORS (RTD)
---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Resistance Temperature Detectors Validation Procedure.

PARTIAL TEST
Gas flow must be present for this test.
A certified mercury in glass thermometer is placed in the thermowell adjacent to the probe.
The thermometer reading is compared with the flow computer display. If the reading is out of
limits, a complete test is carried out.
Limit: 0.5 C
COMPLETE TEST
The temperature probe is disconnected at the field end and the decade box is connected to
simulate 10%, 50% and 90% or 0%, 50%, 100% of range.
The corresponding readings are taken from the flow computer display thereby checking the input
converter at the same time.
Note: Any connecting lead resistance, (not part of the original circuit), must be measured and
nulled.
The validation spreadsheet Val 4 has provision for verifying the temperature using either precision
test resistors or a decade box.
DATA AND TOLERANCES
Full scale

= 50 C

119.4

ohms

Min. scale

100 0

ohms

0 C

Test resistor tolerance =

0.02

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Input converter tolerance=

Total display Limit

= 0.01

= 0.05

0.1 %

0.06

When the flow computer only displays the temperature to 0.1 of a degree, the calculated values
have to be rounded to the nearest 0.1 of a degree.
CALIBRATION CALCULATIONS
To calculate the required temperature as a percentage of span:
% = [ (Full scale C - Min. C) x % of span ] + Min. C
100
The required test resistors are:
% span

ohms

100.00

10

101.95

50

25

109.74

90

45

117.47

100

50

119.40

ICE POINT TEST

Frequency: Every six months.
Description:
The ice point check can be carried out with the meter run still operating. The current flowing
temperature is entered into the flow computer in the maintenance mode for the period of the test.
The test is used to verify the accuracy of an RTD probe at its reference condition of 0C.
The test may be performed using either an ice bath or Kaye ice point tester. A certified
thermometer is used to confirm the bath temperature.

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The Kay ice point tester is a temperature controlled bath which requires a cool down/stabilisation
time of about one hour. It should therefore be switched on at the commencement of the validation
tests.

Procedure:
Ice Bath
Place a small quantity of water into a flask of ice and stir occasionally to ensure a constant bath
temperature. Measure the temperature using a certified thermometer.
Remove the RTD probe from the line and immerse the test end into the ice/water mix.
Kay Ice Point Tester
Remove the RTD probe from the line and immerse to its full length in one of the test wells. The
test wells should be filled with a heavy mineral oil to improve heat transfer.
RTD Measurement
Connect the NATA certified digital multimeter on the ohm setting across terminals A-B of the RTD,
record the resistance reading. Measure the resistance across terminals B-C and record the
reading. Subtract the first reading from the second, this then is the RTD resistance at 0 C.
Record the resistance into validation spreadsheet 4 and check that the value is between 99.838
ohms and 100.162 ohms.
Limit derivation:
RTD

= +/- 0.087

Tester

= +/- 0.05

Tester stab.

0.025

Total

0.162 ohms

If the RTD probe is within limits, it is refitted. If not, a new probe is tested and fitted.

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APPENDIX H

QGP Measurement Manual

FLOW COMPUTER
---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

Flow Computer Validation Procedure.

The flow computer performs two main functions:
The conversion of transducer signals into engineering units for screen display and RS 232
transmission.
The calculation of volume, mass, energy flow rate etc from digital computation of programmed
equations.
Category 1 functions are checked on a routine basis as part of the transducer validations.
The primary purpose of the flow computer validation is to test the items under category 2 above.
The principle of the validation is to copy the flow computers input data and programmed constants
into a sheet and compare the output with those of the flow computer output.
TEST
Where possible, this test is carried out with the meter on-line.
Test Schedule
1. Check the flow computer programmed constants
2. Check the instantaneous input and calculated values and copy them into the validation
spreadsheet.
3. Compare the computations from both computers.

Procedure for Check of Programmed Constants

In the flow computer manual, there is a section called Data Entry Mode - Work Sheet. These
blank forms are filled in as a permanent record of the flow computer programming at
commissioning. The masters of these work sheets are held, updated and distributed by Jemena.
A field copy of the work sheet for each flow computer is held on site.

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Using the pre-test printout, ensure that the programmed constants are in accordance with the
latest revision of these work sheets.
Procedure for Input of Instantaneous Values
This procedure assumes that the live input values are reasonably constant. If any input value is
swinging, key in an estimated mean value in the Maintenance Mode.
TOLERANCES
The basis of the accuracy limits is shown below for the different segments of the flow computer.
Analogue Inputs
Analogue to digital conversion:

+/- 0.02% of span

Test Voltmeter (DC Range):

+/- 0.02% of reading

Precision 10 ohm resistor:

+/- 0.02%

Total analogue input limit:

+/- 0.06% of span

The exception to the above calculation is the temperature (resistance), where:

Resist. To digital conversation

+/- 0.1% of span

Test resistance box

+/- 0.02%

Total temperature limit

+/- 0.12% of span

computation Tolerance

+/- 0.05%

The flow computer accuracy is added arithmetically to the above limits for the purpose of
determining an acceptable instantaneous error limit.
Note that if the check computation is based on a flow computer displayed value, the only allowable
error limit is the flow computer computation accuracy.
EXAMPLE OF FLOW COMPUTER VALIDATION CERIFICATES BEING USED ON QGP FOR THE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF METERS CAN BE FOUND IN APPENDICIES K.

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APPENDIX I

GAS QUALITY MEASUREMENT

---- FOR INFORMATION ONLY --REFER TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR
SITE SPECIFIC DETAILS

5.2.3.1 Gas Chromatograph

A certified reference gas is input to the on-line gas chromatograph (GC) to ensure the correct
determination of the gas composition.
The GC controller is directed to perform a calibration run and a comparison is made between the
GC computations and computations based on GPA 2172 in the spread sheet.
The validity of the constants entered in the GC controller under CAL CONC is checked against
the NATA certificate for the bottle of calibration gas.

5.2.3.2 Test Standards

The heating values and compressibility applied to pure components are quoted in GPA 2172 to a
temperature base of 60 F and a pressure base of 14.696 psia. These values are then used in the
computation of the overall heating value and relative density used in the computation of flow and
energy at base conditions of 60 F and 14.696 psi. This is the way the Daniels GC is set up.
The Jemena measurement system is metric therefore the validation is computed to metric base
conditions and the Daniels output is converted for the purpose of the comparison to provide a
check.
The Conversion factor for Btu/ft3 to MJ/m3 which is also used in the SCADA system is as follows:
Daniel Gas Chromatograph Reference Conditions:

- 60 F
- 14.696 psia

S.I. Reference Conditions:

15 C
- 101.325 kPa

Conversion Factors Australian Standard 1376 - 1973

1 psi

6.894757 kPa

1m

35.31466672 ft

1 Btu

1055.055853 Joules

K (Kelvin)

C + 273.15

C (Celsius)

5/9 (F-32)

Atmosphere

101325 pascals

60 F

15.555556 C

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1 Btu/ft @ 60 F 14.696 psia to 15 C, 101.325 kPa

= 288.705556

288.15

1055.055853
10

35.31466672
1

= 0.037331 MJ/m3

5.2.3.3 Reference Gas

A copy of the CIG Test Gas Report is displayed at the meter station. The stated mole % for each
component is compared with the values entered in the GC controller. Any errors are noted on
validation sheet 6.
The bottle number on the CIG Test Gas Report is compared with the bottle which is connected to
the GC to confirm that the test certificate matches the bottle being used.

5.2.3.4 Calibration
In performing the calibration, the GC does five complete analyses or runs on the test gas. For
each component the GC compares the response factor (peak area) and retention time (time of
peak detection) of the run with that of the final analysis of the previous calibration. The
differences are expressed as a percentage and printed in the report as % DEV.
The first two runs are ignored and the last three runs are averaged and printed as the FINAL
calibration. If the % deviation is within set limits the calibration data is updated and an asterisk is
printed next to the new figures. If the deviation is outside of the set limits the old calibration data
is retained and an alarm raised to alert the technician of a possible problem.
Prior to the printing of the FINAL calibration an ANALYSIS report is printed. This is a printout
of the analysis from the fifth calibration run prior to the GC updating its calibration factors. This
printout is used for the AS FOUND data on the validation sheet 6.
Upon completion of the calibration runs the GC prints out a FINAL calibration report, which will
indicate the new updated values for each component by placing an asterisk next to their response
factors and retention time.
The GC is then instructed by the technician to analyse stream 2, which is the calibration gas
stream. The analysis result is then printed. The mole % for each component from this analysis is
entered into the AS LEFT column of the validation sheet 6.

5.2.3.5 Moisture Analyser

DESCRIPTION
Shaw and alpha moisture meters are used for continuous monitoring of the moisture content of
the gas at the inlet stations and at Gladstone City Gate. They read out in ppmv which is then
converted to dewpoint degrees C.
The filter separator in the moisture unit should be drained prior to validation and any resulting change
of moisture reading should be recorded on the validation sheet 7.
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The system is checked by either of the following methods:

(a)

By comparing the instrument readout with the reading obtained using an official
dew point tester at line pressure.

(b)

A calibration gas with a certified known moisture content is connected to the

moisture analyser and after the unit has stabilised, the reading is compared with
the known calibration gas value.

5.2.3.6 Limits
The readings obtained from the Shaw moisture analyser when compared with either an optical
dew scope or with the certified test gas should agree to within 4 C.
Welker Flow Proportional Sampler - Installed but not used
Description
A small sample of gas flows from the pipeline, via a Welker Sampler head, to vent. The sampler
grabs a small portion of this flow when actuated by a solenoid valve.
The size of the grab is fixed by the sampler cup size, at 0.065 ml.
The rate at which it makes these grabs is proportional to the instantaneous gross flow rate, i.e.
m3/hr at operating pressure and temperature. Scaling is performed by the PLC, which reads
scaled flowrate output pulses to the solenoid. The scaling is manually set via SCADA.
The grab samples of gas are forced into a piston type sample bomb. The back side of the
piston is charged with the full line pressure from a tapping on the sampler manifold to avoid
premature filling. This line must be isolated if the pipeline is de-pressured. Over a period of one
month, the piston is displaced by the accumulated gas samples and a magnetic follower indicates
the position.
The sample bomb is targeted to fill to 80% of its maximum capacity.
Routine Check
The piston travel should be approximately equal for each day of the one month fill cycle, unless
there are significant flow variations. The piston travel (% max) is logged at each site visit by the
operator to ensure that the sampler is functioning.
If there is a sampler failure, the above procedure allows a spot sample or a part month sample to
be taken.
Monthly Validation
The scaling factor is set at the start of the accounting month, based on the forecast throughout:
Scale Fact. = Gross m3 x

Sample cup size (ml) *

Sample cylinder size (ml)

where the flow computer transmits one pulse per gross m3 to the PLC.
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* In practice, experience has shown that some of the sample captured by the cup does not enter
the sample cylinder line and a multiplying factor, based on experience, will be required.
The estimation of gross m3 from the nominated energy for the month is based on estimations of
GHV, SG, pressure and temperature. A procedure based on flow computer printout data is
included in the spreadsheet for Form No. 8 or Standard m3 can be converted to Gross m3 by
running the AGA 3 program disk.
The monthly validation is a check to ensure that the sample container is filling at the approximate
daily rate required:
Calc. fill % = Cylinder 100% x 0.8 x

Day No.

Days in Cycle
For the purposes of this spot check, shut down days are subtracted from Days in cycle.
The sampler can cope with large flow variations in the one month cycle but if the forecast is not
going to be met, or exceeded, the scale must be reset to ensure that the sample cylinder is always
between 60 and 99% filled by change out day.

Sample Cylinder Change out

1)

Isolate the gas supply to stop the sampler.

2)

Isolate the cylinder at its inlet and outlet valves and remove. FIT THE SECURITY
PLUGS.

3)

Open the valves from the sample head to purge the old sample out, then close.

4)

Connect the inert gas new cylinder and open up the valve to the back side of the
piston.

5)

When the piston is at the zero position, open up the valve to the sample head.

6)

Open the gas supply to start the sampler and observe the first actuation to ensure that
it is working.

7)

Label the full cylinder and despatch to the laboratory.

Label details:
Attention: Laboratory
Flow Weighted Average Gas Sample
For month of

. 20 .

Cyl. Change Date: ..

Location:

..

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Date forwarded to Lab:

..

Pressure: Pre load end:

Sample end:

Temperature:

...

% Full:

...

Cylinder No:

...

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APPENDIX J

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

VALIDATION CHECK LIST / SUMMARY OF TOLERANCES

Orifice Plate Check

Tolerance

Warp:

0.01x(D-d)

Edge Definition

Differential Pressure Check

(10, 50 and 90% of scale or 0, 50 and 100% of scale)
Transmitter Tolrance analogue signal:
Flow Computer Tolerance (% of range):
Range

0.02mA
0.12%

12.5 kPa

0.015 kPa

37.5 kPa

0.045 kPa

50.0 kPa

0.060 kPa

Line Pressure Check

Partial Test: (single point)
Full Line Pressure:

30kPa

Let Down Pressure:

10kPa

Full Test: (10, 50 and 90% of scale or 0, 50 and 100% of scale)

Transmitter Tolerance analogue signal:

0.03mA

Flow Computer Tolerance (% of range):

0.17%

Range

10200 kPa

17 kPa

5100 kPa

8.5 kPa

Temperature
Partial Test: (single point)
Transmitter Tolerance:

0.5C

Full Test: (10, 50 and 90% of scale or 0, 50 and 100% of scale)

Total Display Tolerance:
Ice Point Test:

0.06C
0.162Ohms

Flow Computer
Total Computational Accuracy:

+/- 0.10%

Gas Chromatograph
GC - FC DAC Accuracy:

0.02%

Moisture Analyser
Portable Dew Point Meter:

4C

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Test Gas:

GTS-199-PR-GM-001
QGP Measurement Manual

3C or +/1ppm

Turbine Meter
Complete Test:
Gross Flow: deviation compared to other calibrated meter.

+1 / -1 %

Partial Test:
Net Flow Calculation:

+/- 0.113%

Ultrasonic Meter Check

Complete Test:
Gross Flow, deviation compared to other calibrated meter
Sample Rate
Velocity of Sound
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Level
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Limit

+/- 1.0%
15 +/-1
+/- 1.50 m/s
AGC Limit to
Level ratio
>2
>40000

Coriolis Meter
Flow computer computation accuracy

+/- 0.10%

Series meter comparison

Ultrasonic, Coriolis and Turbine meters Technical Limit

0.8%

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Instrument / Equipment Calibration Details

Instrument /
Equipment
Description

Seri
al
No

Locati
on

Test
Authorit
y

Test
Frequen
cy

Fluke 45
Multimeter

4875
008

Gladst
one

SEQEB

Annually

Fluke 45
Multimeter

4841
266

Roma

SEQEB

Annually

Phillips
Frequency
Counter

SM3
301

Gladst
one

SEQEB

Annually

Decade
Resistance
Box

1117
B9

Gladst
one

SEQEB

Annually

Decade
Resistance
Box

1332
L6

Roma

SEQEB

Annually

Thermometers

N/A

Gld &
Roma

Dobbie

When
Purchase
d

Druck pressure
tester

2112
6

Gladst
one

Budenb
erg

Annually

Druck pressure
tester

2191
1

Roma

Budenb
erg

Annually

Ametek Dead
Weight Tester

8141
0

Gladst
one

Budenb
erg

Annually

Ametek Dead
Weight Tester

8236
9

Roma

Budenb
erg

Annually

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APPENDIX K

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VALIDATION REPORTS

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