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Simplified Example Checksum Calculation

This document provides an example of calculating an internet checksum for a packet header. It describes taking the packet header bytes and forming 16-bit words, then summing the words using 32-bit arithmetic and taking the 1s complement of the result to get the checksum value. The checksum is added to the packet header and re-calculated at the receiver to check for errors.

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490 views

Simplified Example Checksum Calculation

This document provides an example of calculating an internet checksum for a packet header. It describes taking the packet header bytes and forming 16-bit words, then summing the words using 32-bit arithmetic and taking the 1s complement of the result to get the checksum value. The checksum is added to the packet header and re-calculated at the receiver to check for errors.

Uploaded by

vinamp20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NET0183 Networks and Communications

Simplified example internet checksum calculation (example from the Net)



Assume the packet header is: 01 00 F2 03 F4 F5 F6 F7 00 00
(00 00 is the checksum to be calculated)
The first step is to form 16-bit words.
0100 F203 F4F5 F6F7
The second step is to calculate the sum using 32-bits.
0100 + F203 + F4F5 + F6F7 = 0002 DEEF
The third step is to add the carries (0002) to the 16-bit sum.
DEEF + 002 = DEF1
The fourth step is to take the complement. (1s becomes 0s and 0s become 1s)
~DEF1 = 210E

So the checksum is 21 0E.
The packet header is sent as: 01 00 F2 03 F4 F5 F6 F7 21 0E

At the receiver, the steps are repeated.
The first step is to form 16-bit words.
0100 F203 F4F5 F6F7 210E
The second step is to calculate the sum using 32-bits.
0100 + F203 + F4F5 + F6F7 + 210E = 0002 FFFD
The third step is to add the carries (0002) to the 16-bit sum.
FFFD + 0002 = FFFF which means that no error was detected.
(In 1s complement, zero is 0000 or FFFF.)

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