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224
Chapter 7
Family and Community Involvement (English) .......................................... 225
Family and Community Involvement (Spanish) ......................................... 226
Section 7.1 ................................................................................................... 227
Section 7.2 ................................................................................................... 233
Section 7.3 ................................................................................................... 239
Section 7.4 ................................................................................................... 245
Section 7.5 ................................................................................................... 251
Section 7.6 ................................................................................................... 257
Section 7.7 ................................................................................................... 263
Technology Connection ............................................................................... 269



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225
Chapter
7
Equations and Inequalities
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Dear Family,
Have you ever had to plan a large partyperhaps a family reunion, a wedding,
or a community fundraiser? Planning for a large event can be quite a challenge.
Recruiting your student to help with the planning provides a great opportunity
for your student to use math skills.
For example, you could ask your student to figure out the following.
How much food is needed? Should you plan on just one portion per
person, or multiple portions? Have your student write a rule (or
equation) to determine the number of portions of food you need. Your
student can write a rule even if you dont know how many people will be
attending when you first start planning.
Is the number of invitations needed equal to the number of people being
invited? Have your student write a rule for the number of invitations
you need and another rule for the cost of the postage.
Each table can probably seat 8 or 10 people. Youll want to figure out how
many tables you will need. Have your student write a math rule to
determine this amount.
How many tablecloths and table decorations will you need? If there will
be serving tables, dont forget about decorating those as well.
Event planners often say that about two-thirds to three-quarter of invitees
can be counted on to attend. Work with your student on a strategy to guess
how many people you think will actually attend. Then have your student use the
rules they wrote to estimate the number of portions, invitations, tables, and
decorations that will be needed for the event.
Is your event a fundraiser? If so, figure out how much you will charge per
person. Figure out how much you will spend on the whole event. Have your
student write a rule to determine if you will make money for your cause.
You and your student can take satisfaction from your good planningenjoy
the event!
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226
Cap tul o
7
Ecuaciones y desigualdades
Nombre _______________________________________________________ Fecha ________
Estimada Familia:
Alguna vez han tenido que planear una gran fiestaquizs una reunin
familiar, un matrimonio, o un evento de recaudacin de fondos para la
comunidad? Planear un evento grande puede ser un gran desafo. Incluir a su
estudiante para ayudar con la planificacin ofrece a su estudiante una buena
oportunidad de usar sus habilidades matemticas.
Por ejemplo, puede pedir a su estudiante que averige lo siguiente:
Cunta comida se necesita? Debe planear solamente una porcin por
persona o mltiples porciones? Haga que su estudiante escriba una
regla (o ecuacin) para determinar el nmero de porciones de comida
que necesita. Su estudiante puede escribir una regla aun si no se sabe
cuntas personas asistirn cuando se empez con la planificacin.
El nmero de invitaciones requeridas es igual al nmero de personas
invitadas? Haga que su estudiante escriba una regla para el nmero de
invitaciones que necesita y otra regla para el costo del envo por
correo.
Probablemente cada mesa sea para 8 10 personas. Querr saber
cuntas mesas necesita. Haga que su estudiante escriba una regla
matemtica para determinar esta cantidad.
Cuntos manteles y decoraciones de mesa necesitar? Si van a haber
mesas para servirse, no olvide decorarlas tambin.
Los planificadores de eventos a menudo dicen que se puede calcular que
alrededor de dos tercios a tres cuartos de los invitados asistirn. Trabaje
con su estudiante en una estrategia para adivinar cuntas personas se cree
que realmente asistirn. Luego haga que su estudiante use las reglas que
escribieron para calcular el nmero porciones, invitaciones, mesas y
decoraciones que se necesitarn para el evento.
Se trata de un evento de recaudacin de fondos? De ser as, averige cunto
puede cobrar por persona. Averige cunto gastar en todo el evento. Haga
que su estudiante escriba una regla para determinar si va a obtener ganancias
para su causa.
Usted y su estudiante pueden beneficiarse de su buena planificacin
disfruten el evento!
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227
Acti vi ty
7.1
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.1
Acti vi ty
7.1
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.1
Describe an instance in your life when you have
used an expression. What does the expression
equal?


Solve the problem.
1. A car travels at an average rate of 30 miles per
hour for 2 hours. How far has the car traveled?
2. A picture frame is shaped like a rectangle with
a length of 10 inches and a width of 8 inches.
What is the area of the picture frame?
3. You are walking 1 mile home from school.
When you are halfway home, you realize that
you forgot a book in your locker and have to
go back and get it. Once you finally get
home, how far have you walked?
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228
Lesson
7.1
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.1
Lesson
7.1
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.1
List some advantages and disadvantages
of rewriting a word problem in your own
words.


Rewrite the problem using fewer words.
Leave out information that you do not need
to solve the problem.
1. You are walking at a steady pace of
15 minutes per mile on a treadmill at the
gym. While on the treadmill, you watch one
30-minute-long news program. How far did
you walk during the news program?
2. In one game,
2
3
of a pitchers pitches are
strikes. The other
1
3
of the pitches are balls.
If the pitcher throws 99 pitches in the game,
how many of the pitches are strikes?
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229
7.1 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Rewrite the problem using fewer words. Leave out information that you do
not need to solve the problem. Then solve the problem.
1. The handwritten rough draft of your book report is 4 pages long. Typing
at a steady rate of 20 words per minute, it takes you 48 minutes to enter
the report onto a computer. In typed form, the report is about 3 pages
long. How many words long is your report?
2. You and a friend are riding your bikes home from a park. You ride at a
steady rate. The park is 6 miles from your home. About halfway home,
the wind starts blowing at about 5 miles per hour from your left. You
keep riding at the same rate. You arrive home after one-half hour of
riding. What was your riding rate?
Write the word sentence as an equation.
3. 4 is the quotient of 16 and a number n. 4. The sum of a number k and 5 is 11.
5. The difference of a number x and 2 is 7. 6. 7 times a number a is 42.
7. 6 is one-third of a number s. 8. A number t added to 13 equals 17.
9. 5 less than a number b is 16. 10. 30 is 6 multiplied by a number y.
11. A number z divided by 7 equals 4. 12. 5 more than a number m equals 8.
13. Describe the error in writing
the sentence as an equation.
14. A crew is picking up chairs in the gymnasium after an event. After clearing
217 chairs from the gym floor, 36 chairs still remain. Write an equation you
can use to find the number of chairs placed on the gym floor for the event.
15. You and three of your cousins shuck six dozen ears of corn for a picnic.
Write an equation you can use to find the number of ears n for each person
if each of you shucks the same number of ears.
16. You drop the rubber ball from height h.
It bounces back to 60% of its original
height. Write an equation you can use
to find the height h.
17. You earn 4070 points in level 1 of a
video game and 2710 points in level 2.
After level 3, your point total is 8180.
Write an equation you can use to find the
number of points p you scored in level 3.
24 is 8 multiplied by a number x.
24 8 = x
27 in.
h
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230
7.1 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Write the word sentence as an equation.
1. 17 is 41 less than n. 2. 168 divided by a number x equals 14.
3. The product of 17 and a number s is 153. 4. A number b increased by 37 is 112.
5. 23 is the quotient of a number t and 61. 6. 114 is 37 more than a number g.
7. 46 less than a is 33. 8. One-fifth of a number d is 22.
Write an equation that can be used to find the value of x.
9. Area of rectangle: 36 ft 10. Area of triangle:
2
108 cm


11. You want to put 520 quarters in coin wrappers. You need one wrapper for
every $10 in quarters. Write an equation you can use to find how many
wrappers w you need.
12. You use a metal detector at the beach. You find 2 quarters, 12 dimes, and
23 pennies. Write an equation you can use to find how many more pennies
p you need to find in order to have a total of $2.00.
13. In one minute, you climb halfway up a rock wall. In another minute, you
are 24 feet above the ground after covering half of the remaining height.
Write an equation you can use to find the total height h of the rock wall.
14. A golf driving range has small buckets of golf
balls for $6 each and medium buckets of golf
balls for $8 each. One day, golfers use 27 small
buckets and some medium buckets for a total
cost of $626. Write an equation you can use to
find the number m of medium buckets used.
15. A silkworm winds its cocoon out of one long silk fiber. To make silk
thread, 3 to 10 of these silk fibers are unwound from their cocoons and
combined into a single thread with a typical length of 300 yards.
a. Explain why you cannot write an equation to find the exact total length
of the silk fibers used in a 300-yard silk thread.
b. Choose a reasonable number of silk fibers in a thread. Write an equation
to find the total length of the silk fibers used in 300 yards of the thread.
x
9 ft
x
12 cm

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231
7.1 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Writing Other Types of Equations
Write the word sentence as an equation.
1. A number n squared plus 7 is 23.
2. Ten decreased by a number p squared is 9.
3. A number x minus another number y is equal to 8.
4. A number x squared plus another number y squared equals 4.
Maria and Sam have been asked to write the following word sentence
as an equation:
A number x plus 2 squared equals 9.
Their answers are shown.
Maria: x + =
2
2 9 Sam: ( ) x + =
2
2 9
5. Who has the correct answer?
6. Explain the error in the other solution.
7. How could you word the sentence for the other equation so there is
no confusion?
8. Use your answer to Exercise 7 to write a word sentence for the equation
( )
2
3 4. = x

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232
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


Why Did The Sea Monster Eat Six Ships That Were
Carrying Potatoes?
A B C D E F
G H I J
Complete each exercise. Find the answer in the answer column. Write the word
under the answer in the box containing the exercise letter.

7.1
Write the word sentence as an equation.
A. The sum of a number x and 5 equals 14.
B. A number x decreased by 6 is 5.
C. 7 times a number x is 42.
D. A number x divided by 8 equals 11.
E. 24 equals 4 more than a number x.
F. 9 is one-third of a number x.
G. 12 is the quotient of a number x and 3.
H. 13 less than a number x equals 15.
I. You throw a football 20 yards. Your friend throws
the same football x yards. The football was thrown
a total distance of 50 yards. Write an equation you
can use to find the distance x that your friend threw
the football.
J. Students raised $550 by having a car wash. They
need $1250. Write an equation you can use to find
the amount x that the students still need to raise.
x
= 11
8

ONE
x + = 20 50
POTATO
x = 7 42
NO
x =
1
9
3

EAT
x = 6 5
SEEMS

x
= 12
3

JUST
x + = 550 1250
SHIP
x + = 5 14
IT
x = 13 15
ONE
x = + 24 4
CAN

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233
Acti vi ty
7.2
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.2
Acti vi ty
7.2
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.2
If you are trying to weigh a pet, it is often easier
to stand on a scale holding the pet to find your
combined weight.
How is the situation related to solving an
equation?
Hint: Use the weight of the pet as the variable
in the equation.

Evaluate the expression.
1. 3 x + when 2 x = 2. 16 a + when 4 a =
3. 10 z + when 5 z = 4. 17 c when 9 c =
5. 8 w when 8 w = 6. 20 s when 34 s =
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234
Lesson
7.2
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.2
Lesson
7.2
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.2
Two operations are inverse operations if one
operation undoes the other.
Of the four operations (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division), which are inverse
operations? Why?
This idea can be applied to real-life situations.
What are the inverses of the following actions?
1. Unbutton 2. Ascend
3. Deposit 4. Turn off
Describe another pair of real-life inverse actions.

Use a scale to model and solve the equation.
1. 9 12 n + = 2. 4 8 r + =
3. 1 4 p + = 4. 2 4 t =
5. 5 2 d = 6. 3 1 x =
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235
7.2 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the equation.
1. 16 20; 4 + = = x x 2. 4 28; 32 = = p p
3. 4 44; 10 = = w w 4. 6; 24
6
= =
y
y
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
5. 5 9 = x 6. 12 0 = y 7. 8 25 + = q
8. 22 14 = f 9. 8 10 + = s 10. 3.2 1.7 = r
11. 8.9 7.3 = + v 12.
1 2
3 3
+ = n 13.
2 1
3 4
= + g
Describe and correct the error in solving the equation.
14. 15.


Write the word sentence as an equation. Then solve the equation.
16. 20 equals 8 more than a number y. 17. The sum of a number x and 12 equals 15.
18. 4 less than a number g equals 9. 19. A number w decreased by 10 is 3.
20. The height of a desk is 11 inches shorter than the
height of a chair. Write and solve an equation to
find the height of the desk.
21. The Florida Panther has an average height of 30 inches. It is 20 inches taller
than the Northern Mockingbird. Write and solve an equation to find the
average height of the Northern Mockingbird.
22. The advertised price of a cell phone is $149 after a $50 mail-in rebate.
Write and solve an equation to find the price of the cell phone before
the rebate is applied.
13 56
13 13
69
+ =
+ +
=
m
m

27 15
15 15
12
=
+
=
n
n
41 in.
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236
7.2 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the equation.
1. 2.5 12.5; 5 = = w w 2. 7; 64
8
= =
y
y
3. 39 3.9 ; 10 = = t t 4.
1 1
; 2
4 8
= = m m
Write the word sentence as an equation. Then solve the equation.
5. A number a decreased by 13.4 is 2.6. 6. 27 less than a number h equals 3.5.
7. 46 equals 2.5 more than a number z. 8. The sum of a number b and 4.7 equals 10.9.
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
9. 72 136 = x 10. 251 148 = + j 11.
4
1
5
+ = a
12. 10 13 5 = + n 13. 17 11 65 + = v 14. 47 15 79 + = c
15. 7 57 3 + = + y 16. 30 12 42 + = e 17. 21 16 14 4 + =
Write and solve an addition equation to find x.
18. Perimeter 30 in. = 19. Perimeter 43 m = 20. Perimeter 16 ft =




21. You are grocery shopping. You have $12.
a. Write and solve three equations to find the cost m of the
milk, the cost c of the cereal, and the cost e of the eggs.
b. How much money do you have left if you purchase one
of each item?
22. A jacket is on sale for $10 off. You have a coupon worth $5.80 that brings
the cost of the jacket down to $33.19. Write and solve an equation to find
the original cost c of the jacket.

5 in.
13 in.
x
10 m
15 m
x
10 m
5 ft 5 ft
x
Grocery Items
Bread: $2.19
Milk: $1.56 more than bread
Cereal: $3.20 more than eggs
Eggs: $2.36 less than milk

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237
7.2 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Writing and Solving Different Types of Equations
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the equation.
1.
2
5 20; 5 = = x x 2.
2
11 45; 6 + = = x x
3.
2
1 0; 1 = = x x 4.
2
110 19; 9 = = x x
5. 2 10; 4 + = = x x x 6. 5 3 6; 2 = = x x x
7. ( )
2
5 144; 7 + = = x x 8. ( )
2
2 1 2; 3 + = = x x
9. Write two different addition equations that have 10 as the solution.
10. Write two different subtraction equations that have 7 as the solution.
11. Your softball team has 8, 10, 9, and 3 hits during four games. Write and
solve an equation to find how many hits the team needs in the fifth game
to have at total of 40 hits.
12. Write and solve an equation to find how many miles you must hike on
Friday to hike a total of 12 miles for the five days.








Day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Miles Hiked 2.5
3
1
4

1
3
4
2 ?


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238
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


What Do Kitty Cats Like To Eat For Breakfast?
Write the letter of each answer in the box containing the exercise number.
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 8 4 = p
2. 2 12 = k
3. 9 15 = h
4. 4 7 + = y
5. 5 21 + = z
6. 63 31 = + r
7. 25 16 = x
8. 26 18 = + m
9.
2 2
3 3
= a
10.
1 7
4 8
+ = f
11. 2.3 3.6 = q
12. 4.4 16.2 + = j







Answers
K. 16
I.
5
8

E. 24
S. 14
R. 5.9
C. 41
I. 32
P. 12
S. 8
M. 3
E. 11.8
I.
1
1
3

7.2
4 10 7 12 5 11 9 2 1 6 3 8

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239
Acti vi ty
7.3
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.3
Acti vi ty
7.3
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.3
Write a problem that can be modeled with the
equation 4 12 x + = . Be sure to provide all
the necessary information.

Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 7 10 x + = 2. 13 21 y + =
3. 3 27 z + = 4. 12 16 a =
5. 9 4 b = 6. 15 1 c =
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240
Lesson
7.3
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.3
Lesson
7.3
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.3
Explain how to use the distance formula
( )
d rt = to find your average rate getting
to school in the morning. Be sure to include
units in your explanation.

Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 5 205 x = 2. 16 8w =
3. 77 7b = 4. 7 6 v =
5. 30 2 p = 6. 4 26 k =
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241
7.3 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 9
2
x
= 2. 4
4
t
= 3.
3
12
20
w
= 4. 5 7 30 s =
5. 5 15 a = 6. 8 40 = d 7. 60 20m = 8. 7 14 = g
9. 9 72 y = 10. 3 63 = n 11. 4
11
=
v
12. 5
7
=
c

13.
5
27.5
2
b
= 14. 2 15 20 h = 15. 24 60 = k 16. 210 7 = r
Describe and correct the error in solving the equation.
17. 18.
19. A teacher tells 36 students to form 4 equal groups. Write and solve a
multiplication equation to find how many students s there should be in
each group.
20. You have been saving $12 each week for many weeks. One day, you
decide to count your savings and find that you have $384. Write and
solve a multiplication equation to find how many weeks w you have
been saving.
21. A 14-inch pepperoni pizza is sliced into 8 equal pieces. One slice contains
352 calories. Write and solve a division equation to find how many
calories c there are in the whole pizza.
22. In a cheerleading competition, each team receives scores in eight
categories. One team has a mean score of 7.25 in the eight categories.
Write and solve an equation to find the teams total score s.
23. Write and solve an equation to find the width w of
the rectangle. Explain how you know what units to
use with the answer.

3
9
9 3
9
3
=
=
=
x
x
x

4 32
4
4 32
4
128
=

=
=
z
z
z

36 cm
Area = 576 cm
2
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242
7.3 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 6 78 a = 2. 7
20
=
s
3. 96 24p = 4. 5 18 30 g =
5.
4
16
27
v
= 6. 13 84.5 = x 7.
3
22.8
8.1
c
= 8. 12.4 117.8 b =
Solve for x. Check your answer.
9. Rectangle 10. Triangle 11. Parallelogram
12. You want to know the side length of
the square swimming pool. Explain
how you can use the perimeter. Then
find the side length to the nearest yard.
13. Your family has a car with a 15-gallon gas tank. Find the price of one
gallon of gas in your area. Then write and solve a division equation to
find the price p to fill the cars gas tank when it is empty.
14. Using a special discount, you download 15 songs for $10.68. The regular
price of each song is $0.89. What is the percent of the discount?
15. In a cranberry punch recipe, four cups of cranberry juice and one quart of
pineapple juice make up half of the punch. How many cups of punch does
the recipe make?
16. You buy dog biscuits at the bulk rate price of
$2.25 per pound. The scale shows the weight
of 25 biscuits. Find the cost of 40 biscuits.
Explain how you found your answer.
12
Area = 84 square units
x
19
Area = 133 square units
x
x
15
Area = 75 square units
Perimeter = 100 yards

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243
7.3 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Writing Repeating Decimals as Fractions
Example: Write 0.21 as a fraction.
Step 1: Let 0.21 x = or 0.212121.
Step 2: Because the decimal has 2 repeating digits, multiply each
side of 0.212121... x = by
2
10 , or 100.
0.212121
100 21.212121
=
=

x
x
Write equation.
Multiply each side by 100.

Step 3: Subtract x from 100x.
100 21.212121
0.212121
99 21
=
=
=

x
x
x
Write equation.
Subtract .
Simplify.
x

Step 4: Solve for x.
99 21
99 21
99 99
21 7
, or
99 33
=
=
=
x
x
x
Write equation.
Divide each side by 99.
Simplify.

So, 0.21 is equivalent to
7
.
33

Write the decimal as a fraction or mixed number.
1. 0.7 2. 0.6 3. 0.36
4. 0.51 5. 0.43 6. 0.09
7. 4.89 8. 0.735 9. 0.029
10. How can you use the method shown above to write the decimal 0.23 as
a fraction? Explain.

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244
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


What Did The Dirt Say When It Began To Rain?
A B C D E F
G H I J K L
M N O P
Complete each exercise. Find the answer in the answer column. Write the word
under the answer in the box containing the exercise letter.

7.3
Solve the equation. Check your solution.
A. 6
9
=
a
B. 7
6
=
z

C. 4 10 = y D. 25
5
=
k

E. 2 16 = s F. 8 96 = t
G. 50 5 = x H. 56 8 = k
I. 4 52 = b J. 39 6 = c
K. 14 5 = n L. 10 6 = v
M. 16 3.5 = x N. 4.4
25
=
w

O. 11.5 23 = d P. 4.5 40.5 = v
12
UP
6.5
CHANGE
125
RAIN
110
BE
42
THIS
8
KEEPS
60
I
70
AND

7
NAME
56
WILL
54
IF
9
MUD
10
MY
13
WILL
2
CALLED
40
HEAVY
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245
Acti vi ty
7.4
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.4
Acti vi ty
7.4
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.4
Write a problem that can be modeled with the
equation 7 42. x = Be sure to provide all the
necessary information.


Solve the equation. Check your solution.
1. 9 14 x + = 2. 21 14 y = +
3. 3 36 z = 4. 6 48 a =
5. 14 42 b = 6. 32 4 c =
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246
Lesson
7.4
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.4
Lesson
7.4
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.4
The equation 0.25 y x = shows how the number
of texts sent is related to the total amount spent
on text messaging.
Describe which variable is independent and
which variable is dependent.


Write a formula for the given measure. Tell
what each variable represents. Identify which
variable depends on which in the formula.
1. The perimeter of a parallelogram with a
length of 6 centimeters
2. The area of a rectangle with a length of
9 inches
3. The area of a triangle with base length of
12 meters
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247
7.4 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Write a formula for the given measure. Tell what each variable represents.
Identify which variable depends on which in the formula.
1. The perimeter of a rectangle with a length of 4 meters
2. The area of a triangle with base length of 10 feet
Tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the equation.
3. ( ) ; 2, 3 y x = 4. ( ) 8 ; 0, 0 y x =
5. ( ) 3 2; 1, 1 y x = 6. ( ) 4 1; 1, 5 y x = +
Identify the independent and dependent variables.
7. The equation 2 20 P = + gives the perimeter P (in inches) of a
rectangular box with a length of l feet.
8. The equation 88 k p = gives the total number of keys k for p pianos.
9. You are hosting a party. You are providing 3 food items. Each guest
brings 2 food items.
a. Write an equation in two variables that represents the total number
of food items.
b. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
10. Your choir has 300 tickets to sell. You are responsible for distributing
10 tickets to each choir member to sell.
a. Write an equation in two variables that represents the remaining
number of tickets to distribute.
b. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
Fill in the blank so that the ordered pair is a solution of the equation.
11.
( )
7 5; 2, y x = 12.
( )
15 3 ; , 6 y x =
13. Write an equation in two variables that has (1, 3) as a solution.
14. Write another equation in two variables that also has (1, 3) as a solution.



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248
7.4 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Write a formula for the given measure. Tell what each variable represents.
Identify which variable depends on which in the formula.
1. The perimeter of a parallelogram with a side of length 8 feet
2. The area of a parallelogram with a height of 2 centimeters
3. Describe and correct the error in finding a solution of the equation
in two variables.







Complete the table by describing possible independent or dependent
variables.
4. 5.
6. Your video membership costs $14 per month for 10 video rentals. Each
additional video rental is $2.
a. Write an equation in two variables that represents the monthly cost
of your video rentals.
b. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
Fill in the blank so that the ordered pair is a solution of the equation.
7.
( )
6 5; 0, y x = + 8.
( )
11 4 ; , 3 y x =
9. You answer 12 emails in 15 minutes. How many emails can you answer
in 2 hours?

( )
( )
( )
5 4; 2, 6
2 5 2 4
2 6
2, 6 is not a solution.
y x =
=
=

Independent
Variable
Dependent
Variable
The number of
lawns you mow

Independent
Variable
Dependent
Variable

The number of
shopping bags
Copyright Big Ideas Learning, LLC Big Ideas Math Green
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249
7.4 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Testing Points
Tell which ordered pairs are solutions of the equation. Then plot the
solutions on the coordinate plane and connect them with a line.
1. 3 7 x y = 2. 5 x y =
( ) ( ) ( ) 9, 20 , 5, 0 , 3, 2 A B C ( ) ( ) ( ) 8, 2 , 7, 2 , 10, 5 A B C








3. 4 2 x y = 4. 2 10 y x =
( ) ( ) ( ) 0, 2 , 2, 1 , 4, 0 A B C ( ) ( ) ( ) 7, 3 , 25, 40 , 10, 10 A B C









x
y
6
8
10
4
2
0
16
18
20
14
12
8 10 6 4 2 0 18 20 16 14 12 x
y
3
4
5
2
1
0
8
9
10
7
6
4 5 3 2 1 0 9 10 8 7 6
x
y
2
1
0
4
5
3
2 1 0 4 5 3 x
y
20
10
0
40
50
30
20 10 0 40 50 30
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250
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________



Which Are The Strongest Shellfish On The Beach?
Write the letter of each answer in the box containing the exercise number.
Tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the equation.
1. ( ) 6 ; 0, 3 y x =
R. Yes S. No
2. ( ) 4 ; 1, 4 y x =
U. Yes V. No
3. ( ) 3 7; 4, 5 y x =
E. Yes F. No
4. ( ) 8; 2, 12 y x = +

R. Yes S. No
5. ( ) 9 9; 1, 0 y x =

L. Yes M. No
Identify the independent and dependent variables.
6. The equation 32 A = gives the area A in square feet of a rectangular
concession stand with a length of feet.
S. Independent: ; Dependent: A T. Independent: A; Dependent:
7. The equation 15 100 C p = + gives the total cost C in dollars of the annual
banquet with p people in attendance.
L. Independent: C; Dependent: p M. Independent: p; Dependent: C




7 2 6 4 3 5 1

7.4
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251
Acti vi ty
7.5
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.5
Lesson
7.5
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.5
1 2 < and 2 1 > are inequalities.
Think about the word inequality.
What does equality mean?
What does the prefix in- mean?
What are some other words in the English
language that use the prefix in- in the
same way?



Complete the statement with < > = , , or .
1. 5 ? 2 2. 4 ? 6
3. 7 ? 9 4. 8 ? 12
5. 1 ? 1 6. 15 ? 15
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252
Lesson
7.5
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.5
Lesson
7.5
The speed limit in a school zone is 15 miles
per hour.
How are speed limits related to inequalities?




Match the inequality with its graph.
1. 1 x > 2. 1 x < 3. 1 x > 4. 1 x
A.

B.

C.

D.
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.5
0 1 1 2 2
0 1 1 2 2
0 1 1 2 2
0 1 1 2 2
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253
7.5 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Write the word sentence as an inequality.
1. 2 is more than a number v. 2. A number h is at most 15.
3. A number p is less than
1
2
. 4. 12 is fewer than a number n.
5.
3
5
is no less than a number a. 6. A number b is no more than 17.
7. 6 plus a number x is at least 12. 8. A number k minus 7 is greater than 10.
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the inequality.
9. 11; 8 = y y 10. 1 7; 3 + = q q
11. 4 9; 13 < = u u 12. 5 72; 15 < = m m
13.
7
2 ; 3
8
= c c 14. 10 3; 7 + = g g
Graph the inequality on a number line.
15. 1 k > 16. 5 w 17. 0 < r
18.
1
3
t 19. 6 > s 20.
3
2
z
21. 2.5 < n 22.
2
3
< x 23. 3 a
24. A lifeboat can carry up to 24 people. Write an inequality to represent
this situation.
25. A USB flash drive costs $16. You have $50.
a. Write an inequality to represent the number of USB flash drives
you can buy.
b. Can you buy 4 USB flash drives? Explain.
26. A produce box can hold no more than 25 pounds of potatoes.
a. Write and graph an inequality to represent this situation.
b. Is 9.8 a solution of the inequality?
c. Name a number that is not a solution of the inequality and explain
your answer.
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254
7.5 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Write the word sentence as an inequality.
1. A number b times 3.5 is no less than 21.
2. The quotient of a number y and 9 is greater than 4.
3. The difference between a number h and
1
4
is at most 0.
4. The sum of a number w and 2.56 is at least 10.24.
5. The product of 6 and number c is less than 12.
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the inequality.
6. 1; 5
6
=
x
x 7. 1.4 16; 11 v v > =
8. 9.8 21.01; 11.1 + = t t 9.
1
2 ; 90
2 30
m
m < =
10.
1 1
3 ;
2 6
> = p p 11. 2.16 3 0.5; 0.6 = z z
Write an inequality and a word sentence that represent the graph.
12. 13.
Graph the inequality on a number line.
14. 6.5 a > 15. 8 u 16. 0 y >
17. 18 s 18. 56.8 w < 19.
7
5
n >
20. A highway passes under a road. The clearance height is 7.75 feet. Write and
graph an inequality that represents the height of a vehicle that can travel on
the highway.
21. You must be at least 48 inches tall to go on the Scrambler at an amusement park.
You must be at most 48 inches tall to go on the Busy Boats at the park.
a. Write an inequality that represents the height you must be for each of the rides.
b. You are allowed to ride both rides. What is your height?
22. Describe the numbers that are solutions of both of the following inequalities:
8 and 2. > n n
0 1 2 2 1 0 1 2 2 1
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255
7.5 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Compound Inequalities
A compound inequality is a mathematical sentence that uses more than
one inequality symbol. It is the result of combining two inequalities. For
example, the two inequalities x > 2 and x < 5 can be combined to form
the compound inequality 2 < < 5. x It is read as x is greater than
2 and x is less than 5.

Graph 2. x >

Graph 5. x <

Graph the common solutions.
Identify each integer that is a solution of the compound inequality.
1. 0 6 x < < 2. 3 8 x
3. 4 11 x < 4. 2 2 < x
Match each inequality with its graph.
5. 1 7 x < A.
6. 1 7 x < < B.
7. 1 7 x C.
8. 1 7 x < D.
Graph the compound inequality on a number line.
9. 0 3 x < 10. 2 9 x < < 11. 5 11 x
12. 1 6 < x 13. 5 3 < < x 14. 10 70 x <
15. A compound inequality can be made up of two inequalities using the word
and (as shown above) or the word or. Graph the compound inequality
0 x < or 2. x > Can this be written as a single inequality? Explain.
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
x > 2
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
x < 5
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 < x < 5
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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256
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


What Kind Of Cheese Comes With A House?
Write the letter of each answer in the box containing the exercise number.
Write the word sentence as an inequality.
1. A number x is more than 15.
2. A number b is less than 23.
3. A number y is at most 8.
4. Three plus a number a is greater than or equal
to 19.
Tell whether the given value is a solution of the
inequality.
5. 5; 28
4
> =
a
a
6. 4.5 13; 9.5 + = z z
Write an inequality that represents the graph.
7.
8.
9.
Match each inequality with its graph.
10.
4
5
< x 11. 3 a
12. 2.6 p 13.
2
3
> y




7.5
Answers
E. 5 > x C.

y 8
T. 3 x
H.
E. x > 15 A. no
G.
E. 3 + a 19
S.
O. b < 23
C. x 7
T.
E. yes
8 2 12 9 6 11 5 3 10 1 7 13 4

3
5
4
5
6
5
1 2
5
3 4 5 2 1
4
3

2
3
1 0

1
3

2.6 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.4

5 4 3 2 6 7 8
7 8 9 10 6 5 4
3 2 1 0 4 5 6
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257
Acti vi ty
7.6
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.6
Acti vi ty
7.6
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.6
Describe a real-life situation that can be
represented by the inequality 20. x <




Graph the inequality on a number line.
1. 2 a < 2. 1 b >
3. 0 c 4. 2.5 d
5. 2 f > 6. 5 g
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258
Lesson
7.6
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.6
Lesson
7.6
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.6
A classroom should have no more than
22 students.
A math classroom meets this requirement.
After two students transferred into the class,
it still meets the requirement.
Write an inequality that represents this situation.
Solve it to find the possible numbers of students
in the class before the two students transferred.


Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 2 6 x + < 2. 2 11 h + >
3. 3 2 y 4. 15 0 p
5. 3 14 k + 6. 3 3 b >

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259
7.6 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 9 2 n 2. 10 14 v + 3.
1 5
4 4
p + <
4. 3 8 x > 5. 20 15 < + k 6.
4 1
5 5
m
7. 12 8 h 8. 4.4 2.4 > + b 9. 36 64 w
10. 16 25 a + 11.
2 8
3 3
r + > 12. 19 51 y <
Write the word sentence as an inequality. Then solve the inequality.
13. 6 more than a number is at most 10.
14. Four less than a number is more than 3.
15. 0.6 is no less than 2.4 subtracted from a number.
16. The sum of a number and 14 is at least 18.
Describe and correct the error in solving the inequality.
17. 18.


19. You can spend at most $10 at the mall. You want to buy a book that costs
$6.75 and a cold drink. Write and solve an inequality to represent the
amount of money you can spend on your cold drink.
20. An order from an online bookstore takes at least four weeks to arrive. You
ordered some books online nine days ago. Write and solve an inequality to
represent the possible number of days it will take for your books to arrive.
21. The school auditorium can hold at most 480 people. There were 185 advance
tickets sold for the school play. Write and solve an inequality to represent the
number of people who can attend the play if all the people who bought advance
tickets attend the play.
3 4
+ 4 + 4
7
>
<
g
g

5 11
5 + 5
16
+

x
x


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260
7.6 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 12 15 + x 2. 8 4 < c 3. 9.8 1.2 q >
4. 54 85.6 t + 5.
1 1
9 4
4 8
< z 6.
6 3
5 5
g +
7. 5.76 5.76 k + 8.
1
6
3
> + x 9.
1 1
3 2
+ u
10. 58 74 < y 11.
5
1
8
+ d 12. 3.1 1.3 > h
Write the word sentence as an inequality. Then solve the inequality.
13. The difference between a number and 4.5 is greater than 8.
14. The total of
3
4
and a number is no more than 2.
15. 9.1 less than a number is less than 4.6.
16. A number minus
7
12
is at least
1
3 .
2

17.
1
5
4
is greater than a number plus
1
2 .
10

Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
18.
1 1 1
3 6 2
a < 19. 1.25 0.75 6 n + > 20. 12.4 6.07 8.13 v +
21. You are cooking a turkey. The turkey must reach a temperature of at
least 165 degrees to be fully cooked. The temperature is 135 degrees.
Write and solve an inequality to represent the number of degrees the
temperature must increase for the turkey to be done.
22. The memory card on a cell phone can store up to 50 phone numbers.
There are 21 phone numbers stored on the cell phone. Write and solve
an inequality to represent the number of additional phone numbers
you can store on the cell phone.
23. The possible values of x are given by 2.1 6.5. + x What is the
greatest possible value of ?
4
x

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261
7.6 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Solving Compound Inequalities Using Addition
or Subtraction
Example: Solve 3 1 6. x < + < Graph the solution.
3 1 6 x < + < Write inequality.
1 1 1 Subtract 1 from each part of the inequality.
2 5 < < x Simplify.



Example: Solve 2 7 1 1. x or x + Graph the solution.
Solve each inequality separately.
2 7 + x Write inequality. 1 1 x Write inequality.
2 2 Subtract 2 from each side. 1 1 + + Add 1 to each side.
5 x Simplify. 2 x Simplify.



Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 1 2 4 x < < 2. 3 3 7 x +
3. 2 5 6 x < 4. 8 4 12 x + <
5. 6 x > or 10 14 x + < 6. 1 4 x + or 3 2 x
7. 5 2 x or 8 8 x + < 8. 7 10 x + < or 9 13 x +
9. What do you notice about the solution of the compound inequality
3 3 x + > or 3 3 x + ?
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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262
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


A Man Went To the Rocket Station And Asked For
A Ticket To The Moon
A B C D E F
G H I J K L
Complete each exercise. Find the answer in the answer column. Write the word
under the answer in the box containing the exercise letter.

7.6
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
A. 5 6 < x
B. 7 9 + > x
C. 5 7 x
D. 12 3 + x
E. 20 14 > + x
F. 39 56 + x
G. 23 87 < x
H. 19 19 x
I. 8.4 4.2 < + x
J. 14.9 7.5 x
K.
7 1
8 4
+ x
L.
1 2
2 3
+ > x
x
5
8



RIGHT
x 12


SIR
x < 6


THE
x 38


MOON
x > 2


SORRY
x > 4.2


IS

x < 11


IM
x 22.4


FULL
x 17


ATTENDANT
x >
1
6



NOW
x < 110


THE
x 9


SAID
11 12 13 10 9
22.4 22.5 22.6 22.3 22.2
17 18 19 16 15
1
6
2
6
3
6
0 1
6

110 111 112 109 108

9 10 11 8 7
5
8
6
8
7
8
4
8
3
8
12 13 14 11 10
6 7 8 5 4
38 39 37 36 40
2 3 1 0 4
4.2 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.4

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263
Acti vi ty
7.7
Warm Up
For use before Activity 7.7
Acti vi ty
7.7
Start Thinking!
For use before Activity 7.7
How are the inequalities 5 20 x < and 5 20 x >
related to the equation 5 20 x = ?
Describe how to solve the equation 5 20 x = .



Solve the inequality.
1. 9 11 x + < 2. 10 14 y <
3. 14 1 r + 4. 21 8 c +
5. 7 12 s + < 6. 4 1 x

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264
Lesson
7.7
Warm Up
For use before Lesson 7.7
Lesson
7.7
Start Thinking!
For use before Lesson 7.7
On some cell phone plans, text messages cost
$0.20 per message.
Write a word problem involving the cost of text
messages that can be solved with an inequality
using division.
Exchange problems with a classmate and solve
your classmates problem.


Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 2
4
x
> 2. 1
2
t

3. 3
3
n
4. 6 18 f <
5. 15 90 b > 6. 12 0 y

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265
7.7 Practice A
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 6
3
b
> 2. 2 16 w < 3. 7 70 p 4. 3 12 n
5. 200 10x < 6. 55 11 > a 7. 21
4

g
8. 17
9
k

9. 4 0 h 10. 5 125 v 11. 8 24 > t 12.
2
14
5
m <
13. 13 104 y 14.
3
45
4
r
15. 13
6
c
< 16. 4 28 s >
Write the word sentence as an inequality. Then solve the inequality.
17. A number q divided by 14 is no less than 4.
18. The product of 21 and a number u is at most 126.
19. The quotient of a number z and 7 is at least 12.
20. A number a divided by 22 is greater than 5.
21. A number g multiplied by 13 is no more than 117.
Describe and correct the error in solving the inequality.
22. 23.



24. A wheelbarrow can carry up to 300 pounds of weight. A bag of soil weighs
20 pounds. Write and solve an inequality to represent the number of bags of
soil the wheelbarrow can carry.
25. A table is 3 feet wide. The length of the table can be adjusted as needed.
You need at least 24 square feet of space on the table. Write and solve an
inequality to represent the minimum length the table should have.
26. A step on a stairway is at least 8 inches high. Write and solve an inequality to
represent the minimum number of steps between floors that are 10 feet apart.

5 10
5 10
5 10
1
<
<
<
x
x
x

2 28
2 2 28 2
26

n
n
n


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266
7.7 Practice B
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1.
3
6
4
m 2. 6.4 32 v 3. 8 2 b > 4.
2
3
5
x <
5. 42 105 h 6. 14
9

u
7. 3.1
4
<
r
8. 9.15 21.96 a >
9. 7.2 64.8 > p 10.
7
2 20
<
k
11. 2.7
15

y
12. 5.4 2.7 g
13.
6
9
5
< n 14. 1.05 8.4 c > 15. 6.76 16.9 s 16. 0.08
45
w

Write the word sentence as an inequality. Then solve the inequality.
17. 10 times a number q is at least 2.01.
18. The quotient of a number z and 18 is at most
2
3
.
19. A number d divided by 8 is no more than 3.43.
20. The product of 5 and a number t is greater than 12.
21. The quotient of a number b and 3 is less than
1
12
.
Graph the numbers that are solutions to both inequalities.
22. 2 5 and 6 60 > y y 23. 6 11 and 3 18 + < p p
24. 3 12 and 3
2
>
m
m 25. 10 0 and 1
4
<
x
x
26. Three friends decide to share the cost to rent an apartment equally. The
apartments that they are considering cost at least $1200 per month. Write
and solve an inequality to represent each persons share of the rental cost.
27. A printer can print up to 80 pages a minute. Write and solve an inequality
to represent the number of minutes required to print a report of 380 pages.
28. A highway has at least one rest stop every 25 miles. Write and solve an
inequality to represent the number of rest stops in the first 200 miles of
the highway.
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267
7.7 Enrichment and Extension
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Solving Compound Inequalities Using
Multiplication or Division
Example: Solve 4 2 8. x < < Graph the solution.

4 2 8
4 2 8
2 2 2
2 4
< <
< <
< <
x
x
x
Write inequality.
Divide each part of the inequality by 2.
Simplify.



Example: Solve 2 4 12.
3
x
or x Graph the solution.
Solve each inequality separately.

2
3
3 2 3
3
6

x
x
x
Write inequality.
Multiply each side by 3.
Simplify.

4 12
4 12
4 4
3

x
x
x
Write inequality.
Multiply each side by 4.
Simplify.



Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1. 1 3
2
x
< < 2. 9 3 15 x
3. 3 6
4
x
< 4. 30 5 40 x <
5. 2 10 x > or 3 1 x < 6. 1
3
x
or 7 42 x
7. 5
2
x
> or 10 40 x 8. 9 11 x + < or
1
12 4
x

9. How are the graphs of the solutions for Exercises 14 different from the
graphs of the solutions for Exercises 58? Explain.
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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268
Puzzle Time
Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________


How Many Paws Does A Bear Have?
Write the letter of each answer in the box containing the exercise number.
Solve the inequality. Graph the solution.
1.

x
9
< 5 2. 7 3 x >
3. 16
4

x
4. 11 99 < x
5. 6 30 x 6. 8 64 x
7.
1
14
5
x > 8.
3
24
4
x <
9.
7
63
9
x 10.
1
55
2
x
11.
5
25
6
x > 12. 8 96 x <





7.7
Answers
M. 8 x
N. 64 x
A. 12 x <
W. 32 x <
A. x < 45
O. x 110
W. 9 < x
D. 70 > x
N. 30 x >
P. 21 > x
A. 81 x
E. x 5
10 3 5 2 12 8 9 11 7 6 1 4

8 9 10 7 6
64 65 63 62 66
12 13 14 11 10
32 33 34 31 30
45 46 47 44 43
9 10 11 8 7
70 71 69 68 72
30 31 29 28 32
21 22 20 19 23
81 82 80 79 83
5 6 4 3 7
110 111 112 109 108
Copyright Big Ideas Learning, LLC Big Ideas Math Green
All rights reserved. Resources by Chapter
269
Chapter
7
Technology Connection
For use after Section 7.3
Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________
Using a Reciprocal to Solve Equations
When the variable in an equation is being multiplied by a fraction, using
the reciprocal can be a fast way to solve the equation. Most calculators
today include a reciprocal key that looks like 1 . x
EXAMPLE Find the reciprocal of 4.
SOLUTION
To find the reciprocal of 4 , enter the following keystrokes on your
calculator: 4 1 . x +
ANSWER 0.25
EXAMPLE Use a calculator and a reciprocal to solve the
equations.
a.
2
8
3
x = b.
3
4 7
4
x = +
SOLUTION
a. Multiply both sides of the equation by the reciprocal of
2
3
to solve for x.
Press 8 ( 2 / 3 ) 1 x to find an answer of 12.
b. Multiply both sides of the equation by the reciprocal of
3
4
to solve for x.
Press ( 4 7 ) ( 3 / 4 ) 1 x + + + for an answer of 4.
Solve the following equations using a calculator and a reciprocal.
1. 3 21 x = 2. 5 20 t = 3.
3
15
4
y =
4. 6 47 11 n = + 5.
1
30 9
2
r = 6.
3
81 54
2
x = +