Summer Training Project Report

On

A Study On Financial Statement Analysis And
Management Of Risk With Special Reference To ICICI
Bank

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Award of the
Degree of Master in Business Administration 2010-2012


Under the Guidance of: Submitted By:
Mrs. Sanam Sharma Dikshant Kapoor
MAIT 05414803910




Department of Management
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology
Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi
DECLARATION
This is to certify that I have completed the Summer Project title A STUDY ON FINANCIAL
STATEMENT ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF RISK WITH SPECIAL
REFERENCE TO ICICI BANK under the guidance of Mr. Surender Adarsh in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree of Master of Business Administration at
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi. This is an original piece of work & I have not
submitted it earlier elsewhere.



Date: 20-08-2011 ______________________
Place: New Delhi Name: Dikshant Kapoor
University Enrollment No.: 05414803910

Acknowledgement

I wish to express my gratitude to ICICI Bank for giving me an opportunity to be a part of their
esteemed organization and enhance my knowledge by granting permission to do summer training
project under their guidance.
This report is result of the continuous support & guidance of a lot of people. Getting a project
ready requires the work and effort of many people. I would like to pay my sincere gratitude and
thanks to those people, who directed me at every step in this project work. The present report is
based on A study on financial statement analysis and management of risk with special reference
to ICICI Bank.
I extended my sincere thank and gratitude to Mrs. Sanam Sharma, internal faculty, for her help
and valuable support throughout the term of the project. It was a learning experience to work
under her guidance.
I am also very thankful to Mr. Surender Adarsh who has given me the opportunity to do this
project report. I am also thankful to my parents, all my friends and other sources who gave me
their much needed support and inspiration in preparing this project report. I would consider
myself lucky & privileged to have worked with such understanding professionals.
I am also thankful to the employees of ICICI for providing great support and help in completion
of the training.
The learning during the project was immense and valuable.

Regards,
Dikshant Kapoor
Enrollment No: - 05414803910
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology

LIST OF DIAGRAMS AND TABLES

S.No Title Of Diagram Page No.































EXECTIVE SUMMARY


The future of banking will undoubtedly rest on risk management dynamics. Only those banks
that have efficient risk management system will survive in the market in the long run. The major
cause of serious banking problems over the years continues to be directly related to lax credit
standards for borrowers and counterparties, poor portfolio risk management, or a lack of
attention to deterioration in the credit standing of a bank's counterparties.

Credit risk is the oldest and biggest risk that bank, by virtue of its very nature of business,
inherits. This has however, acquired a greater significance in the recent past for various reasons.

In this study we try to undertake an analysis of the financial statements of the bank and
empirically investigate the various aspects of the risk management in the banking sector.

The scope of the study is limited to the statement analysis of the accounts during the period
2011-2011. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the financial statements and determine the
risk management aspect of the bank.









CONTENTS

Page No.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
COMPANY PROFILE
1.1 History 4
1.2 Board of Directors 5
1.3 Board Committees 6
1.4 Organizational Structure 7
1.5 Products & Services 12
1.6 Risk Aspects 18
1.7 Subsidiary companies 21
1.8 Key Group Companies 22
1.9 Public Recognition 24

INTRODUCTION
2.1 Research Objective 11
2.2 Limitations of the study 12
2.3 Research Methodology
2.4 Data Collection
Primary
Secondary

ANALYSIS OF DATA AND INTERPRETATION
Study of Profit & Loss A/C 27
Study of Balance-Sheet 28
Study of cash flow statement 38
Financial Statement Analysis 40
Management Discussion & Analysis 46
Comparative Income Statement 53
Comparative Financial Position Statement 55
Ratio Analysis- Financial Statement 57
Cash Flow Statement 60


FINDINGS 44
SUGGESTIONS 45
CONCLUSIONS & LIMITATIONS 46
BIBLIOGRAPHY






















CHAPTER-1
COMPANY PROFILE












1.1 ABOUT ICICI BANK

Company Overview
ICICI Bank is India's second-largest bank with total assets of Rs. 4,062.34 billion (US$ 91
billion) at March 31, 2011 and profit after tax Rs. 51.51 billion (US$ 1,155 million) for the year
ended March 31, 2011. The Bank has a network of 2,538 branches and about 6,810 ATMs in
India, and has a presence in 19 countries, including India.

ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail
customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialised subsidiaries in the
areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management.

The Bank currently has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada, branches in
United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, Qatar and Dubai International
Finance Centre and representative offices in United Arab Emirates, China, South Africa,
Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Our UK subsidiary has established branches in
Belgium and Germany.

ICICI Bank's equity shares are listed in India on Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock
Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on the New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

1.2 HISTORY
ICICI Bank was originally promoted in 1994 by ICICI Limited, an Indian financial institution,
and was its wholly owned subsidiary. ICICI's shareholding in ICICI Bank was reduced to 46%
through a public offering of shares in India in fiscal 1998, an equity offering in the form of
ADRs listed on the NYSE in fiscal 2000, ICICI Bank's acquisition of Bank of Madura Limited in
an all-stock amalgamation in fiscal 2001, and secondary market sales by ICICI to institutional
investors in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002. ICICI was formed in 1955 at the initiative of the World
Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry. The principal objective
was to create a development financial institution for providing medium-term and long-term
project financing to Indian businesses. In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a
development financial institution offering only project finance to a diversified financial services
group offering a wide variety of products and services, both directly and through a number of
subsidiaries and affiliates like ICICI Bank. In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and
the first bank or financial institution from non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE.
ICICI Bank was originally promoted in 1994 by ICICI Limited, an Indian financial institution,
and was its wholly-owned subsidiary. ICICI's shareholding in ICICI Bank was reduced to 46%
through a public offering of shares in India in fiscal 1998, an equity offering in the form of
ADRs listed on the NYSE in fiscal 2000, ICICI Bank's acquisition of Bank of Madura Limited in
an all-stock amalgamation in fiscal 2001, and secondary market sales by ICICI to institutional
investors in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002. ICICI was formed in 1955 at the initiative of the World
Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry. The principal objective
was to create a development financial institution for providing medium-term and long-term
project financing to Indian businesses.
In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a development financial institution offering
only project finance to a diversified financial services group offering a wide variety of products
and services, both directly and through a number of subsidiaries and affiliates like ICICI Bank.
In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and the first bank or financial institution from
non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE.
After consideration of various corporate structuring alternatives in the context of the emerging
competitive scenario in the Indian banking industry, and the move towards universal banking,
the managements of ICICI and ICICI Bank formed the view that the merger of ICICI with ICICI
Bank would be the optimal strategic alternative for both entities, and would create the optimal
legal structure for the ICICI group's universal banking strategy. The merger would enhance value
for ICICI shareholders through the merged entity's access to low-cost deposits, greater
opportunities for earning fee-based income and the ability to participate in the payments system
and provide transaction-banking services. The merger would enhance value for ICICI Bank
shareholders through a large capital base and scale of operations, seamless access to ICICI's
strong corporate relationships built up over five decades, entry into new business segments,
higher market share in various business segments, particularly fee-based services, and access to
the vast talent pool of ICICI and its subsidiaries.
In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI
and two of its wholly-owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services
Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by
shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002, by the High Court of Gujarat at
Ahmedabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve
Bank of India in April 2002. Consequent to the merger, the ICICI group's financing and banking
operations, both wholesale and retail, have been integrated in a single entity.

ICICI Bank has formulated a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for its directors and
employees.
After consideration of various corporate structuring alternatives in the context of the emerging
competitive scenario in the Indian banking industry, and the move towards universal banking,
the managements of ICICI and ICICI Bank formed the view that the merger of ICICI with ICICI
Bank would be the optimal strategic alternative for both entities, and would create the optimal
legal structure for the ICICI group's universal banking strategy. The merger would enhance value
for ICICI shareholders through the merged entity's access to low-cost deposits, greater
opportunities for earning fee-based income and the ability to participate in the payments system
and provide transaction-banking services. The merger would enhance value for ICICI Bank
shareholders through a large capital base and scale of operations, seamless access to ICICI's
strong corporate relationships built up over five decades, entry into new business segments,
higher market share in various business segments, particularly fee-based services, and access to
the vast talent pool of ICICI and its subsidiaries. In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of
ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly-owned retail finance
subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited,
with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January
2002, by the High Citst of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in March 2002, and by the High Citst of
Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002. Consequent to the merger,
the ICICI group's financing and banking operations, both wholesale and retail, have been
integrated in a single entity. ICICI Bank has formulated a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
for its directors and employees.
1.3 BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MR. K. V. Kamath (CHAIRMAN)
Mrs. Chanda Kochhar (MANAGING DIRECTOR & CEO)
Mr. Sridar Iyengar
Mr. Homi R. Khusrokhan
Mr. Arvind Kumar
Mr. M. S. Ramachandran
Dr. Tushaar Shah
Mr. V. Sridar
Mr. N. S. Kannan (Executive Director & CFO)
Mr. K. Ramkumar (Executive Director)
Mr. Rajiv Sabharwal (Executive Director)


1.4 BOARD COMMITTEES

Audit Committee Board Governance &
Remuneration
Committee
Mr. Sridar Iyengar
Mr. Narendra Murkumbi
Mr. M. K. Sharma

Mr. N. Vaghul
Mr. Anupam Puri
Mr. M. K. Sharma
Mr. P. M. Sinha
Prof. Marti G. Subrahmanyam


Customer Service Committee
Credit Committee
Mr. N. Vaghul
Mr. Narendra Murkumbi
Mr. M.K. Sharma
Mr. P.M. Sinha
Mr. K. V. Kamath

Mr. N. Vaghul
Mr. Narendra Murkumbi
Mr. M .K. Sharma
Mr. P. M. Sinha
Mr. K. V. Kamath

Fraud Monitoring Committee
Risk Committee
Mr. M. K. Sharma
Mr. Narendra Murkumbi
Mr. K. V. Kamath
Ms. Chanda D. Kochhar
Mr. V. Vaidyanathan

Mr. N. Vaghul
Mr. Sridar Iyengar
Prof. Marti G. Subrahmanyam
Mr. V. Prem Watsa
Mr. K. V. Kamath

Share Transfer &
Shareholders/ Investors
Grievance Committee
Asset-Liability Management
Committee
Mr. M. K. Sharma
Mr. Narendra Murkumbi
Ms. Chanda D. Kochhar
Ms. Madhabi Puri-Buch

Ms. Chanda D. Kochhar
Dr. Nachiket Mor
Ms. Madhabi Puri-Buch
Mr. V. Vaidyanathan

Committee of Directors -
Mr. K. V. Kamath
Ms. Chanda D. Kochhar
Dr. Nachiket Mor
Ms. Madhabi Puri-Buch
Mr. V. Vaidyanathan


1.5 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ICICI BANK
ICICI Banks organisation structure is designed to be flexible and customer-focused, while
seeking to ensure effective control and supervision and consistency in standards across the
organisation and align all areas of operations to overall organisational objectives. The
organisation structure is divided into six principal groups Retail Banking, Wholesale
Banking, International Banking, Rural (Micro-Banking) and Agriculture Banking,
Government Banking and Corporate Center.

RETAIL BANKING
The Retail Banking Group is responsible for products and services for retail customers and small
enterprises including various credit products, liability products, distribution of third party
investment and insurance products and transaction banking services.

WHOLESALE BANKING
The Wholesale Banking Group is responsible for products and services for large and medium-
sized corporate clients, including credit and treasury products, investment banking, project
finance, structured finance and transaction banking services.

INTERNATIONAL BANKING
The International Banking Group is responsible for its international operations, including
operations in various overseas markets as well as its products and services for non-resident
Indians and its international trade finance and correspondent banking relationships.

RURAL AND AGRICULTURAL BANKING
The Rural, Micro-Banking & Agri-Business Group is responsible for envisioning and
implementing rural banking strategy, including agricultural banking and micro-finance.
GOVERNMENT BANKING
The Government Banking Group is responsible for government banking initiatives.
CORPORATE CENTER
The Corporate Center comprises the internal control environment functions (including
operations, risk management, compliance, audit and legal); finance (including financial
reporting, planning and strategy, asset liability management, investor relations and corporate
communications); human resitsces management; and facilities management & administration.

1.6 PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

BANKING ACCOUNTS
ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking accounts such as Current, Saving, Life Plus Senior,
Recurring Deposit, Young Stars, Salary Account etc. tailor-made for every customer segments,
from children to senior citizens. Convenience and ease to access are the benefits of ICICI Bank
accounts.
YOUNG STARS ACCOUNT
A special portal for children to learn banking basics, manage personal finances and have a lot
of fun.
BANK@CAMPUS
This student banking services gives students access to their account details at the click of a
mouse. Plus, the student gets a chequebook, debit card and annual statements.

SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
Convenience is the name of the game with ICICI banks savings account. whether it is an
ATM/debit card, easy withdrawal, easy loan options or internet banking, ICICI banks saving
account always keep you in touch of money.
FIXED DEPOSITS
ICICI Bank offers a range of deposit solutions to meet varying needs at every stage of life. It
offers a range of tenures and other features to suit all requirements.

INSURANCE

The ICICI group offers a range of insurance products to cover varying needs ranging from life,
pensions and health, to home, motor and travel insurance. The products are made accessible to
customers through a wide network of advisors, banking partners, Corporate agents and
brokers with the added convenience of being able to buy online.
LIFE INSURANCE
The ICICI group provides the many life insurance product through ICICI Prudential Life
Insurance Company.
GENERAL INSURANCE
The ICICI group provides the many general insurance products like motor, travel and
home insurance through ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company.




LOANS
ICICI bank offers a range of deposits solutions to meet varying needs at every stage of life. It
offers a range of tenures and other features to suit all requirements.
HOME LOAN
The No. 1 Home Loans Provider in the country, ICICI Bank Home Loans offers some
unbeatable benefits to its customers - Doorstep Service, Simplified Documentation and
Guidance throughout the Process. It's really easy !
PERSONAL LOAN
ICICI Bank Personal Loans are easy to get and absolutely hassle free. With minimum
documentation you can now secure a loan for an amount upto Rs. 15 lakhs.
VEHICLE LOANS
The No. 1 financier for car loans in the country. Network of more than 2500 channel
partners in over 1000 locations. Tie-ups with all leading automobile manufacturers to
ensure the best deals. Flexible schemes & quick processing are the main advantages are
here. Avail attractive schemes at competitive interest rates from the No 1 Financier for
Two Wheeler Loans in the country . Finance facility upto 90% of the On Road Cost of
the vehicle, repayable in convenient repayment options and comfortable tenors from 6
months to 36 months

CARDS
ICICI Bank offers a variety of cards to suit different transactional needs. Its range includes
Credit Cards, Debit Cards and Prepaid cards. These cards offer you convenience for financial
transactions like cash withdrawal, shopping and travel. These cards are widely accepted both in
India and abroad.
CREDIT CARD
ICICI Bank Credit Cards give you the facility of cash, convenience and a range of
benefits, anywhere in the world. These benefits range from life time free cards, Insurance
benefits, global emergency assistance service, discounts, utility payments, travel
discounts and much more.
DEBIT CARD
The ICICI Bank Debit Card is a revolutionary form of cash that allows customers to
access their bank account around the clock, around the world. The ICICI Bank Debit
Card can be used for shopping at more than 3.5 Lakh merchants in India and 24 million
merchants worldwide.
TRAVEL CARD
ICICI Bank Travel Card. The Hassle Free way to Travel the world. Traveling with US
Dollar, Euro, Pound Sterling or Swiss Francs; Looking for security and convenience; take
ICICI Bank Travel Card. Issued in duplicate. Offers the Pin based security. Has the
convenience of usage of Credit or Debit card.

MOBILE BANKING
Bank on the move with ICICI Bank Mobile Banking. With ICICI Bank, Banking is no longer
what it used to be. ICICI Bank offers Mobile Banking facility to all its Bank, Credit Card, Demat
and Loan customers.
ICICI Bank Mobile Banking can be divided into two broad categories of facilities:
Alert facility : ICICI Bank Mobile Banking Alerts facility keeps you informed about the
significant transactions in yits Accounts. It keeps you updated wherever you go.
Request facility : ICICI Bank Mobile Banking Requests facility enables you to query for yits
account balance.

INVESTMENT PRODUCTS: Along with Deposit products and Loan offerings, ICICI
Bank assists you to manage yits finances by providing various investment options ranging from
ICICI Bank Tax Saving Bonds to Equity Investments through Initial Public Offers and
Investment in Pure Gold. ICICI Bank facilitates following investment products:
ICICI Bank Tax Saving Bonds
Government of India Bonds
Investment in Mutual Funds
Initial Public Offers by Corporates
Investment in "Pure Gold"
Foreign Exchange Services
Senior Citizens Savings Scheme, 2004
TRADE-SERVICES: ICICI Bank offers online remittances as well as online processing of
letters of credit and bank guarantees.
ASSET-MANAGEMENT: Prudential ICICI Asset Management Company offers a wide
range of retail mutual fund products tailored to suit varied risk and maturity profiles.
CASH MANAGEMENT: ICICI Bank offers a complete range of highly customized
solutions for managing both the collections and payments requirements of clients by leveraging
technology. Daily customized transactions reports and real time web-enabled downloads, provide
on-tap information facilitating effective working capital management.
CORPORATE BANKING: ICICI Bank offers comprehensive and customized financial
solutions for its corporate clients, including rupee and foreign currency debts, working capital
credit, structured financing syndication and transaction banking products and services.
INTERNET BANKING: Internet banking is available to all ICICI bank savings and
deposit account holders, credit card, demat and loan customers. Internet banking service offers
customers a world of convenience with services such as balance enquiry, transaction history,
account statement, bill payments, fund transfers and accounts related service requests.
ATMs: With more than 2500 ATMs across the country, ICICI Bank has one of the
largest ATM networks in India
PHONE BANKING: Phone banking offers 24*7 service across liability, asset and
investment products to both retail and corporate customers.
NRI-BANKING: A gamut of services to take care of all NRI banking needs including
deposits, money transfers and private banking.
MONEY2INDIA: A complete range of online and offline money transfer solutions to send
money to India.
PROPERTY: For millions of home buyers across the country, ICICI Bank offers not just great
deals on home loans but also a wealth of expert advice. ICICI Bank offers home search service
which can help a customer identify the property of his choice based on his budget and other
requirements.
DEMAT ACCOUNTS: ICICI Banks demat services after unique features like e-
constructions, consolidation, digitally signed statements, mobile requests and corporate benefit
tracking.
RURAL-BANKING: Bank offers technology-based solutions, financial innovations and
multiple delivery channels to meet the financial needs of rural areas.
MICROFINANCE: ICICI Bank assists over 2.5 million low income clients to build
livelihoods by partnering with over 100 microfinance institutions.
BRANCHES: ICICI Bank has a network of over 630 branches (of which 51 are extension
counters) across the country. The network puts a wide range of banking products and financial
services within easy reach of retail and corporate customers.




1.7 RISK ASPECTS OF ICICI BANK

RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk is an integral part of the banking business and bank aim at delivering superior shareholder
value by achieving an appropriate trade-off between risk and returns. Bank is exposed to various
risks, including credit risk, market risk and operational risk. Banks risk management strategy is
based on a clear understanding of various risks, disciplined risk assessment and measurement
procedures and continuous monitoring. The policies and procedures established for this purpose
are continuously benchmarked with international best practices. Bank has two dedicated groups,
the RISK MANAGEMENT GROUP (RMG) and COMPLIANCE & AUDIT GROUP (CAG)
which is responsible for assessment, management and mitigation of risk in ICICI Bank. These
groups from part of the corporate center are completely independent of all business operations
and are accountable to the Risk and Audit committees of the Board of directors. RMG is further
organized into the Credit Risk Management group, Market Risk Management group, Retail Risk
Management group and Operational Risk Management group. CAG is further organised into the
Credit Policies, RBI Inspection & Anti-Money Laundering Group and the Internal Audit Group.

CREDIT RISK
Credit risk is the risk that a borrower is unable to meet its financial obligations to the lender.
Bank measure, monitor and manage credit risk for each borrower and also at the portfolio level.
Bank has standardized credit-approval processes, which include a well-established procedure for
comprehensive credit appraisal and rating. ICICI Bank has well developed internal credit rating
methodologies for rating obligors. The rating factors in quantitative, qualitative issues and credit
enhancement features specific to the transaction. The rating serves as a key input in the approval
as well as post-approval credit processes. Industry knowledge is constantly updated through field
visits and interactions with clients, regulatory bodies and industry experts. In retail credit
operations, the Board or a Board Committee approves all products, policies and authorizations.
Credit approval authority lies only with the credit officers who are distinct from the sales team.
Credit scoring models are used in the case of certain products like credit cards. External
agencies such as field investigation agencies and credit processing agencies are used to facilitate
a comprehensive due diligence process including visits to offices and homes in the case of loans
to individual borrowers.

MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange
rates, equity prices and commodity prices. The objective of market risk management is to
minimize the impact of losses on earnings and equity capital due to market risk. Market risk
policies include the Investment Policy and the Asset-Liability Management (ALM) Policy. The
policies are approved by the Board of Directors. The Asset Liability Management
Committee (ALCO) of the Board of Directors stipulate liquidity and interest rate risk limits,
monitors adherence to limits, articulates the organisations interest rate view and determines the
strategy in light of the current and expected environment. These policies and processes are
articulated in the ALPM policy. The investment policy addresses issues related to investment in
various trading products. RMG exercises independent control over the process of market risk
management and recommends changes in process and methodologies for measuring market risk
Interest rate risk is measured through the use of re-pricing gap analysis and duration analysis.
Liquidity risk is measured through gap analysis. Bank ensure adequate liquidity at all time
through systematic funds planning and maintenance of liquid investment as well as focusing on
more stable funding sitsces such as retail deposits. ICICI Bank limit exposure to exchange rate
risk by stipulating position limits. The treasury Middle Office Group monitors the asset-liability
position under the supervision of the ALCO. The Treasury Middle Office Group is also
responsible for processing treasury transactions, tracking the daily funds position and complying
with all treasury related management and regulatory reporting requirements.

OPREATIONAL RISK
Operational risk is the risk of loss that can result from a variety of factors, including failure to
obtain proper internal authorizations, improperly documented transactions, failure of operational
and information security procedures, computer systems, software or equipment, fraud,
inadequate training and employee errors. Banks approach to operational risk management is
designed to mitigate operational risk by maintaining a comprehensive system of internal
controls, establishing systems and procedures to monitor transactions, maintaining key back-up
procedures and undertaking regular contingency planning. Effective operational risk
management system would ensure that bank has sufficient information to make appropriate
decisions about additional controls, adjustments to controls, or other risk responses. Operational
risk management policy aims at minimizing losses and customer dissatisfaction due to failure in
processes, focusing on flaws in products and their design that can expose the bank to losses due
to fraud, analyzing the impact of failures in systems, developing mitigants to minimize the
impact and developing plans to meet external shocks that can adversely impact continuity in the
banks operations.

1.8 SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

DOMESTIC SUBSIDIARIES
ICICI Home Finance Company Limited
ICICI Investment Management Company Limited
ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company Limited
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited
ICICI Securities Limited
ICICI Trusteeship Services Limited
ICICI Venture Funds Management Company Limited
ICICI Securities Primary Dealership Limited
ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company Limited
ICICI Prudential Trust Limited

INTERNATIONAL SUSIDIARIES
ICICI Bank Canada
ICICI Bank Eurasia Limited Liability Company
ICICI International Limited
ICICI Securities Holding Inc
ICICI Securities Inc
ICICI Bank Uk Limited

1.9 KEY GROUP COMPANIES



1. ICICI Group
http://www.icicigroupcompanies.com

2. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company
http://www.iciciprulife.com/public/default.htm

3. ICICI Securities
http://www.icicisecurities.com/

4. ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company
http://www.icicilombard.com/

5. ICICI Prudential AMC & Trust
http://www.icicipruamc.com/

6. ICICI Venture
http://www.iciciventure.com/

7. ICICI Direct
http://www.icicidirect.com

8. ICICI Foundation
http://www.icicifoundation.org

9. Disha Financial Counselling
http://www.icicifoundation.org

1.10 PUBLIC RECOGNITION
During 2011, ICICI Bank received several prestigious awards in recognition of overall business
strategies, specific objectives and technology focus:
For the second consecutive year, ICICI Bank was ranked second in the "India's 50
Biggest Financial Companies" , in The BW REAL 500 by Business World
ICICI Bank tops the list of "Most Trusted Private Sector Bank" and ranks 10th in the list
of "India's Most Trusted Service Brands" by Brand Equity, Most Trusted Brands 2011
ICICI Bank received the Best Manpower Efficient Award amongst private sector banks
by FICCI IBA
ICICI Bank won the Best Local Bank Gold by Trade and Forfaiting Awards, UK
ICICI Bank was awarded The Asset Triple A Awards, Hongkong for:
o Best Domestic Transaction Bank (India)
o For 6th consecutive year won the Best Domestic Trade Finance Bank (India)
o Best Domestic Cash Management Bank (India)
o Best e-Commerce Bank (India)
o Best SME Bank (India)
ICICI Bank is the only Indian brand to figure in the BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable
Global Brands Report 2011, second year in a row.
ICICI Bank ranked 5th in the list of "57 Indian Companies", and 288 th in World
Rankings in Forbes Global 2000 list
ICICI Bank has won the "Banking Technology Awards 2010" at The Indian Banks
Association in the following categories:
o "Best Financial Inclusion Initiative" (first prize)
o "Best Online Bank" ( runner up)
o "Best use of Business Intelligence" ( runner up)
o "Technology Bank of the year" ( runner up)
ICICI Bank was recognized for its Special Citation of the Fully Electronic Branch
Service Channel, first set up at Hiranandani Estate, Thane, at the Financial Insights
Innovation Awards held in conjunction with Asian Financial Services Congress
For the second year in a row, ICICI Bank was ranked 70th in the Brandirectory league
tables of the worlds most valuable brands by ,The BrandFinance Banking 500.
ICICI Bank UK, HiSAVE product range has been awarded the Consumer Moneyfacts
Awards 2011 for the 'Best Online Savings Provider'
ICICI Bank ranked second in the financial services sector in Business World's,"Most
Respected Company Awards 2011"
ICICI Bank was ranked 1st in the Banking and Finance category and 9th in the "2010
Best Companies To Work For" by Business Today.







CHAPTER-2
INTRODUCTION











2.1 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION

In any organization, the two important financial statements are the Balance sheet & Profit and
loss account of the business. Balance sheet is a statement of the financial position of an
enterprise at a particular point of time. Profit and loss account shows the net profit or net loss of
a company for a specified period of time. When these statements of the last few year of any
organization are studied and analyzed, significant conclusions may be arrived regarding the
changes in the financial position, the important policies followed and trends in profit and loss
etc. Analysis and interpretation of the financial statement has now become an important
technique of credit appraisal. The investors, financial experts, management executives and the
bankers all analyze these statements. Though the basic technique of appraisal remains the same
in all the cases but the approach and the emphasis in analysis vary. A banker interprets the
financial statement so as to evaluate the financial soundness and stability, the liquidity position
and the profitability or the earning capacity of borrowing concern. Analysis of financial
statement is necessary because it help in depicting the financial position on the basis of past and
current records. Analysis of financial statement helps in making the future decision and
strategies. Therefore, it is very necessary for every organization whether it is a financial or
manufacturing etc. to make financial statement and to analyze it.

The future of banking will undoubtedly rest on risk management dynamics. Only those banks
that have efficient risk management system will survive in the market in the long run. The major
cause of serious banking problems over the years continues to be directly related to lax credit
standards for borrowers and counterparties, poor portfolio risk management, or a lack of
attention to deterioration in the credit standing of a bank's counterparties.

Credit risk is the oldest and biggest risk that bank, by virtue of its very nature of business,
inherits. This has however, acquired a greater significance in the recent past for various reasons.

In this study we empirically investigates the various aspects of the risk management in the
banking sector.
2.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this report are the following:
To study about ICICI BANK and its related aspects like its products & services, history,
organizational structure, subsidiary companies etc.
To analyse the financial statement i.e P&L account and Balance sheet of ICICI BANK.
To learn about P&L Account, Balance-sheet and different type of Assets&
Liabilities.
To understanding the meaning and need of Balance Sheet and profit and loss account.
The purpose is to portray the financial position of ICICI BANK with the help of balance
sheet and profit and loss account.
To evaluate the financial soundness ,stability and liquidity of ICICI BANK.
The objectives of the study are to basically understand the risk management practices in
ICICI bank.


2.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY:

The methodology for my research design was Explanatory as well as descriptive. Study was
conducted on both the primary data as well as secondary data.
My first objective was to explore the project and plan it periodically. The next few days were of
understanding, reading and studying the business of the company. The methodology adopted for
the project is as follows:
Literature survey and further working on them.
Primary and secondary data collection and analysis on them.
Final preparation of report will be done based on the findings and appropriate
recommendations will be made. f P E C Page 13
The source of data for the completion of the project concentrated from my organization .The
sources of data are detailed below:
Primary Data: To know more about the company in better way , I met personally with top
officials of the ICICI Bank.
Secondary Data: Capital market is studied with the help of the secondary data. For that
purpose various research reports on internet, books, scholarly articles, financial
newspapers, and the companys reports and documents prepared for the transactions between the
suppliers and the associates are used for the completion of the project.


















STUDY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT










STUDY OF PROFIT& LOSS A/C
MEANING: It is a financial statement, which shows net loss of a company for a
specified period. The accounting year means calendar year of 12 months or less or
more than 12 months.
CONTENTS: This presents the revenues and expenses of a company and shows the
excess of revenues over expenses for profit and vice versa for a loss.
FORMAT: The Companies act does not provide any specific format for this
account. However it is required to be prepared on the basis of the instructions
given in part ii of schedule (vi) of the companies act.
MAIN ITEMS OF PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
Turnover or sales: The aggregate amount of sales and connected items with the
sales such as commission paid to sole-selling agents and other selling agents and
brokerage and discounts on sales other than usual trade discount.
Depreciation: The amount of depreciation of fixed assets and the arrears of
depreciation as per section 205(2) shall be disclosed by way of foot-note.
Interest on loans and debentures: Interest on loans and debentures has to be
stated separately. It will include the amount of interest paid as well as outstanding.
Miscellaneous expenses: In this head items such as rates and taxes, insurance
premium etc., must be stated separately.
Preliminary expenses: Such expenses include the costs of formation of a
company and since their amount is usually large, it is not desirable to write off
them in one year.
Provision for taxation: The profit and loss account of a company must be debited with the
estimated liabilities for tax on the current profits at current rates of taxation.
Unclaimed dividends: it is shown on the liabilities side of the balance sheet under the heading
current liabilities .
Interim dividends: It is an item of appropriation. It is transferred to the debit side of the
Profit and loss appropriation account.
Final dividend as an item of the trial balance: This is shown in the debit side of the
appropriation section of the profit and loss account.
Proposed dividend or final dividend proposed: Since it is an adjustment item, it has to
be shown at two places- In the debit side of the profit and loss appropriation account and on the
liabilities side of the balance sheet under the head current liabilities and provisions.
Political donations: It must be shown as a separate item in the profit and loss account.
Dividend on interest income: This item is transferred to the credit side of the profit and loss
account.
Payment to auditors: It must be stated separately. This will include consultancy fee,
auditing fees management services etc.
Managerial remuneration: This includes the payments made to managerial remuneration
directors fee, pension, other allowances and commission.

2.2 STUDY OF BALANCE SHEET

MEANING: The balance sheet is a financial snapshot of a company's condition at a single
point in time. A balance sheet contains a listing of the company's asset, liability and Capital
accounts. When someone, whether a creditor or investor, asks you how your company is doing,
you'll want to have the answer ready and documented. The way to show off the success of your
company is a balance sheet. A balance sheet is a documented report of your company's assets
and obligations, as well as the residual ownership claims against your equity at any given point
in time. It is a cumulative record that reflects the result of all recorded accounting transactions
since your enterprise was formed. You need a balance sheet to specifically know what your
company's net worth is on any given date. With a properly prepared balance sheet, you can look
at a balance sheet at the end of each accounting period and know if your business has more or
less value, if your debts are higher or lower, and if your working capital is higher or lower. By
analyzing your balance sheet, investors, creditors and others can assess your ability to meet
short-term obligations and solvency, as well as your ability to pay all current and long-term debts
as they come due. The balance sheet also shows the composition of assets and liabilities, the
relative proportions of debt and equity financing and the amount of earnings that you have had to
retain. Collectively, external parties to help assess your companys financial status, which is
required by both lending institutions and investors before they will allot any money toward your
business, will use this information.
LEARN THE DIFFERENT ASSETS
Current assets: Current assets include cash and other assets that in the normal course of
events are converted into cash within the operating cycle. For example, a manufacturing
enterprise will use cash to acquire inventories of materials. These inventories of materials are
converted into finished products and then sold to customers. Cash is collected from the
customers. This circle from cash back to cash is called an operating cycle. In a merchandising
business one part of the cycle is eliminated. Materials are not purchased for conversion into
finished products. Instead, the finished products are purchased and are sold directly to the
customers. Several operating cycles may be completed in a year, or it may take more than a year
to complete one operating cycle. The time required to complete an operating cycle depends upon
the nature of the business. It is conceivable that almost all of the assets that are used to conduct
your business, such as buildings, machinery, and equipment, can be converted into cash within
the time required to complete an operating cycle. However, your current assets are only those
that will be converted into cash within the normal course of your business. The other assets are
only held because they provide useful services and are excluded from the current asset
classification. If you happen to hold these assets in the regular course of business, you can
include them in the inventory under the classification of current assets. Current assets are usually
listed in the order of their liquidity and frequently consist of cash, temporary investments,
accounts receivable, inventories and prepaid expenses.
Cash: Cash is simply the money on hand and/or on deposit that is available for general business
purposes. It is always listed first on a balance sheet. Cash held for some designated purpose, such
as the cash held in a fund for eventual retirement of a bond issue, is excluded from current assets.
Marketable Securities: These investments are temporary and are made from excess funds
that you do not immediately need to conduct operations. Until you need these funds, they are
invested to earn a return.
Accounts Receivable: Simply stated, accounts receivables are the amounts owed to you and
are evidenced on your balance sheet by promissory notes. Accounts receivable are the amounts
billed to your customers and owed to you on the balance sheet's date. You should label all other
accounts receivable appropriately and show them apart from the accounts receivable arising in
the course of trade. If these other amounts are currently collectible, they may be classified as
current assets.
Inventories: Your inventories are your goods that are available for sale, products that you
have in a partial stage of completion, and the materials that you will use to create your products.
The costs of purchasing merchandise and materials and the costs of manufacturing your various
product lines are accumulated in the accounting records and are identified with either the cost of
the goods sold during the fiscal period or as the cost of the inventories remaining.
Prepaid expenses: These expenses are payments made for services that will be received in
the near future. Strictly speaking, your prepaid expenses will not be converted to current assets in
order to avoid penalizing companies that choose to pay current operating costs in advance rather
than to hold cash. Often your insurance premiums or rentals are paid in advance.
Investments: Investments are cash funds or securities that you hold for a designated purpose
for an indefinite period of time. Investments include stocks or the bonds you may hold for
another company, real estate or mortgages that you are holding for income-producing purposes.
Your investments also include money that you may be holding for a pension fund.
Plant Assets: Often classified as fixed assets, or as plant and equipment, your plant assets
include land, buildings, machinery, and equipment that are to be used in business operations over
a relatively long period of time. It is not expected that you will sell these assets and convert them
into cash. Plant assets simply produce income indirectly through their use in operations.
Intangible Assets: Your other fixed assets that lack physical substance are referred to as
intangible assets and consist of valuable rights, privileges or advantages. Although your
intangibles lack physical substance, they still hold value for your company. Sometimes the
rights, privileges and advantages of your business are worth more than all other assets combined.
Other Assets: During the course of preparing your balance sheet you will notice other assets
that cannot be classified as current assets, investments, plant assets, or intangible assets. These
assets are listed on your balance sheet as other assets. Frequently, your other assets consist of
advances made to company officers, the cash surrender value of life insurance on officers, the
cost of buildings in the process of construction, and the miscellaneous funds held for special
purposes.
LEARN THE DIFFERENT LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities: On the equity side of the balance sheet, as on the asset side, you need to
make a distinction between current and long-term items. Your current liabilities are obligations
that you will discharge within the normal operating cycle of your business. In most
circumstances your current liabilities will be paid within the next year by using the assets you
classified as current. The amount you owe under current liabilities often arises as a result of
acquiring current assets such as inventory or services that will be used in current operations. You
show the amounts owed to trade creditors that arise from the purchase of materials or
merchandise as accounts payable. If you are obligated under promissory notes that support bank
loans or other amounts owed, your liability is shown as notes payable. Other current liabilities
may include the estimated amount payable for income taxes and the various amounts owed for
wages and salaries of employees, utility bills, payroll taxes, local property taxes and other
services.
Long-Term Liabilities: Your debts that are not due until more than a year from the balance
sheet date are generally classified as long-term liabilities. Notes, bonds and mortgages are often
listed under this heading. If a portion of your long-term debt is due within the next year, it should
be removed from the long-term debt classification and shown under current liabilities.
Deferred Revenues: Your customers may make advance payments for merchandise or
services. The obligation to the customer will, as a general rule, be settled by delivery of the
products or services and not by cash payment. Advance collections received from customers are
classified as deferred revenues, pending delivery of the products or services.
Owner's Equity: Your owner's equity must be subdivided on your balance sheet: One portion
represents the amount invested directly by you, plus any portion of retained earnings converted
into paid-in capital. The other portion represents your net earnings that are retained. This rigid
distinction is necessary because of the nature of any corporation. Ordinarily, stockholders, or
owners, are not personally liable for the debts contracted by a company. A stockholder may lose
his investment, but creditors usually cannot look to his personal assets for satisfaction of their
claims. Under normal circumstances, the stockholders may withdraw as cash dividends an
amount measured by the corporate earnings. The distinction in this rule gives the creditors some
assurance that a certain portion of the assets equivalent to the owner's investment cannot be
arbitrarily withdrawn. Of course, this portion could be depleted from your balance sheet because
of operating losses. The owner's equity in an unincorporated business is shown more simply. The
interest of each owner is given in total, usually with no distinction being made between the
portion invested and the accumulated net earnings. The creditors are not concerned about the
amount invested. If necessary, creditors can attach the personal assets of the owners.
Basis of balance-sheet: Assets = Liability + Equity




BALANCE-SHEET STRUCTURE
The following Balance sheet structure is just an example. It does not show all possible kind of
assets, equity and liabilities, but it shows the most usual ones. It could be a consolidated balance
sheet. Monetary values are not shown and summary (total) rows are missing as well.
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Inventories
Account receivable
Investment held for trading
Other current assets
Non-Current Assets
Property, plant and equipment
Goodwill
Other intangible fixed assets
Investment in associates
Deferred tax assets
Miscellaneous Expenditure

Equity And Liabilities
Capital & Reserve
Share capital reserve
Revaluation reserve
Translation reserve
Retained earnings
Minority interest
Non-Current Liabilities
Bank loan
Issued debt securities
Deferred tax liability
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable
Current income tax liability
Short-term part of bank loans
Short-term provisions
Other current liabilities
EQUITY VALUATION:The real value to a purchaser of the business or a shareholder may
be different from the net assets shown by the balance sheet. This is because factors that affect the
value of a business may not be recorded yet. For example, a purchaser will be interested in the
future earnings of the business, whether assets such as property have been revalued recently, and
whether there are potential liabilities in the future such as lawsuits. The value of the assets in the
balance has also been based on the assumption that the business is a going concern, otherwise the
break-up value of the assets may be far less than the value in the balance sheet.

PREPAIRING A BALANCE-SHEET
Title and Heading: In practice, the most widely used title is Balance Sheet; however
Statement of Financial Position is also acceptable. Naturally, when the presentation includes
more than one time period the title "Balance Sheets" should be used.
Heading: In addition to the statement title, the heading of your balance sheet should include
the legal name of your company and the date or dates that your statement is presented. For
example, a comparative presentation might be headed:
XYZ CORPORATION
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2006
Format: There are two basic ways that balance sheets can be arranged. In Account Form, your
assets are listed on the left-hand side and totaled to equal the sum of liabilities and stockholders'
equity on the right-hand side. Another format is Report Form, a running format in which your
assets are listed at the top of the page and followed by liabilities and stockholders' equity.
Sometimes total liabilities are deducted from total assets to equal stockholders' equity.
Captions: Captions are headings within your statement that designate major groups of
accounts to be totaled or subtotaled. Your balance sheet should include three primary captions:
Assets, Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity. In the report form of presentation, the placement of
your primary captions would be as follows: 2006 ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY.
Except in certain specialized industries your balance sheet should include the following
secondary captions:
CURRENT ASSETS
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Order of Presentation of Captions: First, start with items held primarily for conversion
into cash and rank them in the order of their expected conversion. Then, follow with items held
primarily for use in operations but that could be converted into cash, and rank them in the order
of liquidity. Finally, finish with items whose costs you will defer to future periods or that you
cannot convert into cash. Following these guidelines, your major assets should normally be
presented in the following order:
Cash
Short-term marketable securities
Trade notes and accounts receivable
Inventories
Long-term investments
Property and equipment
Intangible assets
Deferred charges
Liabilities are ordinarily presented in the order of maturity as follows:
Demand notes
Trade accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Long-term debt
Other long-term liabilities
Components of stockholders' equity are usually presented the following order:
Preferred stock
Common stock
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Treasury stock
2.3 STUDY OF CASH FLOW STATEMENT
MEANING: Cash flow statement or statement of cash flows is a financial statement that
shows a company's incoming and outgoing money (sources and uses of cash) during a time
period (often monthly or quarterly). The statement shows how changes in balance sheet and
income accounts affected cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down according to
operating, investing, and financing activities. As an analytical tool the statement of cash flows
is useful in determining the short-term viability of a company, particularly its ability to pay bills.
PURPOSE: The cash flow statement reflects a firms liquidity or solvency. The main purpose to
make cash flow statement are as follows:
1. provide information on a firm's liquidity and solvency and its ability to change cash flows
in future circumstances
2. provide additional information for evaluating changes in assets, liabilities and equity
3. improve the comparability of different firms' operating performance by eliminating the
effects of different accounting methods
4. indicate the amount, timing and probability of future cash flows
ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN CASH FLOW: The cash flow statement is partitioned
into cash flow resulting from operating activities, cash flow resulting from investing activities,
and cash flow resulting from financing activities.
Operating activities: Operating activities include the production, sales and delivery of the
company's product as well as collecting payment from its customers. This could include
purchasing raw materials, building inventory, advertising.
Investing activities: Investing activities focus on the purchase of the long-term assets a
company needs in order to make and sell its products, and the selling of any long-term assets.
Financing activities: Financing activities include the inflow of cash from investors such as
banks and shareholders, as well as the outflow of cash to shareholders as dividends as the
company generates income. Other activities which impact the long-term liabilities and equity of
the company are also listed in the financing activities section of the cash flow statement.
Analysis of cash flow statement is necessary for every organisation to depict its cash inflow and
outflow.
2.4 FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS
MEANING:
Financial statement analysis is the process of examining relationships among financial statement
elements and making comparisons with relevant information. It is a valuable tool used by
investors and creditors, financial analysts, and others in their decision-making processes related
to stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments. With a great understanding of the balance sheet
& p&l account and how it is constructed, we can look at some techniques to analyze the
information contained within the balance sheet & p&l account.

PURPOSE:
The main purpose of analyzing the financial statement are the following:-
To assess past performance and current financial position.
To make predictions about the future performance of a company.

TOOLS FOR ANALYSING
1. PERCENTAGE CALCULATION
There are two popular methods by which we can analyze the financial statement by
calculating percentage as taking a common base.
Horizontal Analysis
When an analyst compares financial information for two or more years for a single
company, the process is referred to as horizontal analysis, since the analyst is reading
across the page to compare any single line item, such as sales revenues. In addition to
comparing dollar amounts, the analyst computes percentage changes from year to year
for all financial statement balances, such as cash and inventory. Alternatively, in
comparing financial statements for a number of years, the analyst may prefer to use a
variation of horizontal analysis called trend analysis. Trend analysis involves calculating
each year's financial statement balances as percentages of the first year, also known as the
base year. When expressed as percentages, the base year figures are always 100 percent,
and percentage changes from the base year can be determined.
If we want to calculate % change in sales then we apply the following formula:
Percentage= change in sales /Base Year Sales*100
Vertical Analysis
When using vertical analysis, the analyst calculates each item on a single financial
statement as a percentage of a total. The term vertical analysis applies because each year's
figures are listed vertically on a financial statement. The total used by the analyst on the
income statement is net sales revenue, while on the balance sheet it is total assets. This
approach to financial statement analysis, also known as component percentages, produces
common-size financial statements. Common-size balance sheets and income
statements can be more easily compared, whether across the years for a single company
or across different companies.
If we want to calculate % change of current assets then we apply the following formula:
Percentage: current assets/total assets*100

2. RATIO ANALYSIS
Financial ratio analysis uses formulas to gain insight into the company and its operations.
For the balance sheet, using financial ratios (like the debt-to-equity ratio) can show you a
better idea of the companys financial condition along with its operational efficiency. It is
important to note that some ratios will need information from more than one financial
statement, such as from the balance sheet and the income statement. Ratio analysis
facilitates inter-firm and intra-firm comparison.

Meaning of Ratio: A ratio is simple arithmetical expression of the relationship of one
number to another. It may be defined as the indicated quotient of two mathematical expressions.
According to Accountants Handbook by Wixon, Kell and Bedford, a ratio is an expression of
the quantitative relationship between two numbers.
Ratio Analysis: - Ratio analysis is the process of determining and presenting the relationship
of items and group of items in the statements. According to Batty J. Management Accounting
Ratio can assist management in its basic functions of forecasting, planning coordination, control
and communication.
It is helpful to know about the liquidity, solvency, capital structure and profitability of an
organization. It is helpful tool to aid in applying judgment, otherwise complex situations.
Ratio analysis can represent following three methods.
Ratio may be expressed in the following three ways :
1. Pure Ratio or Simple Ratio: - It is expressed by the simple division of one number
by another. For example, if the current assets of a business are Rs. 200000 and its current
liabilities are Rs. 100000, the ratio of Current assets to current liabilities will be 2:1.
2. Rate or so Many Times: - In this type, it is calculated how many times a figure
is, in comparison to another figure. For example , if a firms credit sales during the year
are Rs. 200000 and its debtors at the end of the year are Rs. 40000 , its Debtors Turnover
Ratio is 200000/40000 = 5 times. It shows that the credit sales are 5 times in comparison
to debtors.
3. Percentage: - In this type, the relation between two figures is expressed in hundredth.
For example, if a firms capital is Rs.1000000 and its profit is Rs.200000 the ratio of
profit capital, in term of percentage, is 200000/1000000*100 = 20%

ADVANTAGE OF RATIO ANALYSIS
1. Helpful in analysis of Financial Statements.
2. Helpful in comparative Study.
3. Helpful in locating the weak spots of the business.
4. Helpful in Forecasting.
5. Estimate about the trend of the business.
6. Fixation of ideal Standards.
7. Effective Control.
8. Study of Financial Soundness.
CLASSIFICATION OF RATIO
Ratio may be classified into the four categories as follows:
A. Liquidity Ratio
a. Current Ratio
b. Quick Ratio or Acid Test Ratio
B. Leverage or Capital Structure Ratio
a. Debt Equity Ratio
b. Debt to Total Fund Ratio
c. Proprietary Ratio
d. Fixed Assets to Proprietors Fund Ratio
e. Capital Gearing Ratio
f. Interest Coverage Ratio
C. Activity Ratio or Turnover Ratio
a. Stock Turnover Ratio
b. Debtors or Receivables Turnover Ratio
c. Average Collection Period
d. Creditors or Payables Turnover Ratio
e. Average Payment Period
f. Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio
g. Working Capital Turnover Ratio
D. Profitability Ratio or Income Ratio
(A) Profitability Ratio based on Sales:
a. Gross Profit Ratio
b. Net Profit Ratio
c. Operating Ratio
d. Expenses Ratio
(B) Profitability Ratio Based on Investment :
I. Return on Capital Employed ]
II. Return on Shareholders Funds :
a. Return on Total Shareholders Funds
b. Return on Equity Shareholders Funds
c. Earning Per Share
d. Dividend Per Share
e. Dividend Payout Ratio
f. Earning and Dividend Yield
g. Price Earning Ratio

Ratios are often classified using the following terms:

LIQUIDITY RATIO
Liquidity ratios are measures of the short-term ability of the company to pay its debts
when they come due and to meet unexpected needs for cash.
Current Ratio: The current ratio is a rough indication of a firm ability to service its
current obligations. Generally, the higher the current ratio, the greater the cushion
between current obligations and a firm ability to pay them. The stronger ratio reflects a
numerical superiority of current assets over current liabilities Current ratio is calculated
as follows:
Current ratio= Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Quick Ratio: It is also known as the acid test ratio, this is a refinement of the current
ratio and is a more conservative measure of liquidity. The quick ratio expresses the
degree to which a companys current liabilities are recovered by the most liquid current
assets. quick ratio is calculated as follows:
Quick ratio= (cash + marketable securities + Receivables)/current
liabilities
SOLVENCY RATIO
Solvency ratios indicate the ability of the company to meet its long-term obligations on a
continuing basis and thus to survive over a long period of time.
Debt/Worth Ratio: This ratio expresses the relationship between capital contributed by
creditors and that contributed by owners. It expresses the degree of protection provided
by the owners for the creditors. The higher the ratio, the greater the risk being assumed
by creditors. The lower the ratio, the greater the long-term financial safety. A firm with a
low debt/worth ratio usually has a greater flexibility to borrow in the future. A more
highly leveraged company has a more limited debt capacity.
Debt/worth ratio=Total Liabilities / Tangible Net Worth

PROFITABILITY RATIO
Profitability ratios are gauges of the company's operating success for a given period of
time.
Return On Assets: Return on assets is a measure of how effectively the firms assets
are being used to generate profit. It is calculated as follows:
Return On Assets= Net Income/Total Assets
Return On Equity: Return on equity is the bottom line measure for the shareholders,
measuring for the profits earned for each rupee invested in business. It is calculated as
follows:
Return on Equity= Net income/shareholders equity

Fixed/Worth Ratio: This ratio measures the extent to which owners equity (capital) has been
invested in plant and equipment (fixed assets). A lower ratio indicates a proportionately smaller
investment in fixed assets in relation to net worth and a better cushion for creditors in case of
liquidation. Similarly, a higher ratio would indicate the opposite situation. The presence of
substantial leased fixed assets (not shown on the balance-sheet) may deceptively lower this ratio.
Fixed Worth Ratio=Net Fixed Assets/ Tangible Net Worth























FINANCIAL STATEMENT
ANALYSIS







CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

BALANCE SHEET OF ICICI
BANK
------------------- in Rs. Cr. -----
Mar '11 Mar '10 Mar '09
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Capital and Liabilities:

Total Share Capital 1,151.82 1,114.89 1,463.29
Equity Share Capital 1,151.82 1,114.89 1,113.29
Share Application Money 0.29 0.00 0.00
Preference Share Capital 0.00 0.00 350.00
Reserves 53,938.82 50,503.48 48,419.73
Revaluation Reserves 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Worth 55,090.93 51,618.37 49,883.02
Deposits 225,602.11 202,016.60 218,347.82
Borrowings 109,554.28 94,263.57 67,323.69
Total Debt 335,156.39 296,280.17 285,671.51
Other Liabilities & Provisions 15,986.35 15,501.18 43,746.43
Total Liabilities 406,233.67 363,399.72 379,300.96
Mar '11 Mar '10 Mar '09
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Assets

Cash & Balances with RBI 20,906.97 27,514.29 17,536.33
Balance with Banks, Money at Call 13,183.11 11,359.40 12,430.23
Advances 216,365.90 181,205.60 218,310.85
Investments 134,685.96 120,892.80 103,058.31
Gross Block 9,107.47 7,114.12 7,443.71
Accumulated Depreciation 4,363.21 3,901.43 3,642.09
Net Block 4,744.26 3,212.69 3,801.62
Capital Work In Progress 0.00 0.00 0.00
Other Assets 16,347.47 19,214.93 24,163.62
Total Assets 406,233.67 363,399.71 379,300.96
Contingent Liabilities 883,774.77 694,948.84 803,991.92
Bills for collection 47,864.06 38,597.36 36,678.71
Book Value (Rs) 478.31 463.01 444.94





CASH FLOW OF ICICI BANK
------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------

Mar '11 Mar '10 Mar '09 Mar '08

12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths

Net Profit Before Tax 6760.70 5345.32 5116.97 5056.10

Net Cash From Operating Activities -6908.92 1869.21 -14188.49 -11631.15

Net Cash (used in)/from
Investing Activities
-2108.82 6150.73 3857.88 -17561.11

Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities 4283.20 1382.62 1625.36 29964.82

Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash
Equivalents
-4783.61 8907.13 -8074.57 683.55

Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents 38873.69 29966.56 38041.13 37357.58

Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 34090.08 38873.69 29966.56 38041.13



COMPARATIVE INCOME STATEMENT
TREND ANALYSIS
SUMMARISED PROFIT & LOSS A/C
(ON 31 MARCH, 2011)
(RS. IN BILLION)
PARTICULARS

2009
(RS.)
2010
(RS.)
2011
(RS.)
%Change
(2010)
%Change
(2011)
Interest income 94.10 143.06 229.94 46.5% 60.7%
Interest expense 65.71 95.97 163.8 46.1% 70.4%
Net interest income 28.39 47.09 66.36 47.5% 40.9%
Non-interest income 27.05 42.42 59.14 49.9% 39.4%
Fee income 20.98 34.47 50.12 55.3% 45.4%
Lease income 4.01 3.61 2.38 (10.0) (34.1)
Others 2.06 4.34 6.64 111.2% 53.0%
Core operating income 55.44 89.51 125.50 48.7% 40.2%
Operating expenses 25.17 35.47 49.79 40.9% 40.3%
Direct marketing agency
(DMA) expense
4.85 11.77 15.24 35.1% 29.5%
Lease depreciation, net
of lease equalization
2.97

2.77 1.88 (6.7)

(31.9)
Core operating profit 22.45 39.50 58.59 67.6% 48.3%
Net treasury income - (0.62) 0.15 - -
Operating profit 29.56 38.88 58.74 58.7% 51.1%
Provisions, net of write-
backs
4.29

7.92 22.26 84.61%

181.1%
Profit before tax 25.27 30.97 36.48 22.6% 17.8%
Tax, net of deferred tax 5.22 5.56 5.38 6.7% (3.2)
Profit after tax 20.05 25.40 31.10 26.7% 22.4%

By anlysing the summarized profit & loss account of ICICI Bank, the following
trends are presented:
1. Operating profit increased 51% to Rs. 5,874 crore for FY2011 from Rs. 3,888 crore for
FY2010 which is less than as compared to increased 58.7% to Rs. 3,888 crore for FY
2010 from Rs. 2,956 crore for FY2009.

2. Profit after tax increased 22% to Rs. 3,110 crore for FY2011 from Rs. 2,540 crore for
FY2010 which is less than as compared to increased 26.7% to Rs. 2,540 crore for FY2010
from Rs. 2,005 crore for FY2009.
3. Profit before tax increased 18% to Rs. 3,648 crore for FY2011 from Rs. 3,097 crore for
FY2010 which is also less than as compared to increased to 22.6 % to Rs. 3,097 crore for
FY2010 fom Rs. 2,527 crore for FY2009.
4. Net interest income increased 41% to Rs. 6,636 crore for FY2011 from Rs. 4,709 crore
for FY2010 which is less than as compared to increased 47.5% to Rs. 4,709 crore for
FY2010 from Rs. 2,839 crore for FY2009.
5. Fee income increased 45% in 2011 which is less than as compared to 55.3% increased in
2010
6. Interest expenses increased at a very high rate from 46.1% in FY2010 to 70% in FY2011.
7. Interest income is increased at a higher rate than the previous year i.e. 47% in 2010 to
61% in 2011.
8. Increase in non-interest income is less than in 2011 49% as compared to increase in
2010 39%.
9. Provision is increased at a high rate as compared to previous years 85% in 2010 to 181%
in 2011.

COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL POSITION STATEMENT

TREND ANALYSIS
SUMMARIZED BALANCE-SHEET
(ON MARCH 31, 2011)
(RS. In crore)
PARTICULARS

2009
(RS.)
2010
(RS.)
2011
(RS.)
%Change
(2010)
%Change
(2011)
Cash balance with
banks & SLR
47,412 68,115 104,489 43.7% 53%
-Cash & bank balances 12,930 17,040 37,121 31.8% 118%
-SLR investment 34,482 51,075 67,368 48.1% 32%
Advances 91,405 146,163 195,866 59.9% 34%
Other Investment 2,854 20,473 23,890 41.9% 17%
Fixed and other Assets 12,836 16,638 20,413 29.61% 23%
TOTAL ASSETS 167,659 251,389 344,658 49.9% 37%
Net Worth 12,550 22,206 24,313 76.9% 9%
-Equity Capital 737 890 899 20.8% 1%
-Reserves 11,813 21,316 23,414 80.4% 10%
Preference Capital 350 350 350 - -
Deposits 99,819 165,083 230,510 65.4% 40%
Erstwhile ICICI
Borrowings
19,348 13,190 10,837 (31.16%)

(18%)
Other Borrowings 22,405 35,477 59,823 58.2% 69%
Other Liabilities 13,187 15,083 18,824 14.4% 25%
TOTAL
LIABILITIES
167,659 251,389 344,658 49.9% 37%

By anlysing the balance sheet of ICICI Bank, the following trends are presented:
1. Total assets and total liabilities are increased in 2011 from Rs. 251389 crore to Rs.
344658 Crore i.e. 37% which is less than as compared to increase in 2010 from Rs.
167659 crore to Rs. 251389 crore i.e. 49.9%.

2. Increase in cash balance with bank in 2011 is more than in the previous year 2010. In
2010 it is 32% and in 2011 it is 118%.
3. But increase in SLR investment in 2011 is less than the previous year. In 2010 it is 48%
and in 2011 it is 32%.
4. Increase in advances in 2011 is 60% from 2010 which is less than as compared to
increase in advances in 2010 is 34% from 2009.
5. Increase in fixed and other assets is also less than in 2011 from 2010 i.e 23% as
compared to 30% in 2010 from 2009.
6. Erstwhile ICICI borrowings is decreasing in both years but rate of decreasing is less in
2011 i.e. 18% but in 2010 it is 31%.
7. Increase in net worth is also less than from previous year in 2011 i.e 80% in 2010 to 9%
in 2011.
8. Increase in equity capital is only 1% in 2011 whereas in 2010 it is 21% and increase in
reserve in 2011 is very less as compared to increase in 2010 i.e. from 10% to 80%.
9. 40%Deposits is increased in 2011 from 2010 which is less than as compared to 65%
increase in deposits in 2010 from 2009.
10. Increase in other liabilities is more in 2011 than in 2010 i.e from 14% in 2010 to 25% in
2011.
11. 69%borrowing is increased in 2011 from 2010 which is more than as compared to 58%
increase in borrowing in 2010 from 2009.

RATIO ANALYSIS

1) CURRENT RATIO:
Current Ratio= Current Assets/Current Liabilities
In 2010:
Current Assets= 27,514.29+11,359.40+181,205.60=39054.8 billion (cash + advances)
Current Liabilities=202,016.60+94,263.57=296280billion (short-term deposits+ borrowings)
Current Ratio=39054.8/296279.5=0.13
In 2011:
Current Assets= 20,906.97+13,183.11+216,365.90=2329.87billion (cash + advances)
Current Liabilities=225,602.11+109,554.28=920.36 billion (short-term deposits+ borrowings)
Current Ratio=2329.87/920.36=2.6:1
2) QUICK RATIO:
Quick Ratio=Quick Assets/Current Liabilities
In 2010:
Quick Assets=27,514.29+11,359.40billion (cash in hand and other bank)
Current Liabilities=296280.17billion
Quick Ratio=170.40/652.40=0.26:1
In 2011:
Quick Assets=20,906.97+13,183.11billion (cash in hand and other bank)
Current Liabilities=920.30billion
Quick Ratio=371.21/920.30=0.40:1

3) RETURN ON AVERAGE ASSETS:
Return on average assets= Net income/average assets*100
average assets= total assets at the beginning + total assets at the end/2
In 2010: net income=25.40 billion
Average assets= (1676.59+ 2513.89)/2= 2095.24
Return on average assets= 25.40/2095.24*100 = 1.21%
In 2011: net income= 31.10 billion
Average assets= (2513.89+ 3446.58)/2= 2980.24
Return on average assets= 31.10/2980.24*100=1.04%
4) RETURN ON AVERAGE EQUITY:
Return on average equity = Net income/average equity*100
average equity= total equity at the beginning + total equity at the end/2
In 2010: net income=25.40 billion
Average equity= (129.00+225.56)/2= 177.28
Return on average equity= 25.40/177.28*100 = 17.54%
In 2011: net income= 31.10 billion
Average equity= (225.56+246.63)/2= 236.10
Return on average equity = 31.10/236.10*100=13.17%
5) FIXED/WORTH RATIO:
Fixed Worth Ratio=Net Fixed Assets/ Tangible Net Worth
In 2010:
Net Fixed Assets= 39.80 billion
Tangible Net Worth= 225.55 billion
Fixed Worth Ratio=39.80/225.55= 0.18:1
In 2011:
Net Fixed Assets= 39.23 billion
Tangible Net Worth= 246.62 billion
Fixed Worth Ratio=39.23/246.62 = 0.16:1
6) OPERATING PROFIT TO WORKING FUNDS
Operating Profit To Working Funds=operating profit/ average assets*100
In 2010:
Operating profit=38.80 billion
Average assets=2095.24
Operating profit to working fund=38.80/2095.24*100= 1.85%
In 2011:
Operating profit=58.84 billion
Average assets=2980.84
Operating profit to working fund=58.84/2980.84*100= 1.98%
(Approximately)
RATIOS IN 2010 IN 2011
Current Ratio 2.5:1 2.6:1
Quick Ratio 0.26:1 0.40:1
Return On Assets 1.21% 1.04%
Return On Equity 17.54% 13.17%
Fixed/worth Ratio 0.18:1 0.16:1
Operating profit to working funds 1.85% 1.98%

The above table shows that: - both current ratio and quick ratio is liquidity ratio. The ideal ratio
for current ratio is 2:1 and ideal ratio for quick ratio is 1:1. In these table current ratio of both
year is higher than the ideal ratio which shows that there is enough current assets which make the
bank able to pay its current liabilities on time but quick ratio is lower than the ideal ratio which
shows that bank have not enough liquid assets to pay their current liabilities. Therefore bank
should keep some assets in the form of liquid assets such as cash, marketable securities etc.
Return on equity, return on assets and operating profit to working funds are profitability ratio.
The higher the profitability ratio of any organization is show the better position of that
organization. The profitability ratio of ICICI bank is very low. It is decreasing from the previous
year.
Fixed/worth ratio measures the extent to which owners equity has been invested in plant
and equipment. A lower ratio indicates a proportionately smaller investment in fixed
assets. This ratio shows that bank has invested more in current assets than the fixed assets.
It could be a good position in case of liquidation.

TREND ANALYSIS

Date Close Bse Sensex Rx Ry

7/29/2011 1038.3 18,197.20 0.022451994 (0.00068)

7/28/2011 1015.5 18,209.52 (0.01004) (0.01208)

7/27/2011 1025.8 18,432.25 (0.01460) (0.00464)

7/26/2011 1041 18,518.22 (0.03172) (0.01871)

7/25/2011 1075.1 18,871.29 0.00495 0.00796

7/22/2011 1069.8 18,722.30 0.02865 0.01552

7/21/2011 1040 18,436.19 (0.00431) (0.00358)

7/20/2011 1044.5 18,502.38 (0.01462) (0.00812)

7/19/2011 1060 18,653.87 0.01533 0.00793

7/18/2011 1044 18,507.04 (0.01528) (0.00296)

7/15/2011 1060.2 18,561.92 (0.00502) (0.00302)

7/14/2011 1065.55 18,618.20 0.01096 0.00119

7/13/2011 1054 18,596.02 0.01210 0.01002

7/12/2011 1041.4 18,411.62 (0.01177) (0.01655)

7/11/2011 1053.8 18,721.39 (0.00636) (0.00725)

7/8/2011 1060.55 18,858.04 (0.02702) (0.01155)

7/7/2011 1090 19,078.30 0.01537 0.01876

7/6/2011 1073.5 18,726.97 (0.02231) (0.00094)

7/5/2011 1098 18,744.56 0.00132 (0.00372)

7/4/2011 1096.55 18,814.48 0.00073 0.00275

7/1/2011 1095.75 18,762.80 0.00458 (0.00441)

6/30/2011 1090.75 18,845.87 0.00069 0.00813

6/29/2011 1090 18,693.86 0.01193 0.01089

6/28/2011 1077.15 18,492.45 (0.00540) 0.00435

6/27/2011 1083 18,412.41 0.02006 0.00941

6/24/2011 1061.7 18,240.68 0.03078 0.02895

6/23/2011 1030 17,727.49 0.00921 0.01008

6/22/2011 1020.6 17,550.63 0.00497 (0.00055)

6/21/2011 1015.55 17,560.30 (0.01019) 0.00307

6/20/2011 1026 17,506.63 (0.00292) (0.02036)

6/17/2011 1029 17,870.53 0.00049 (0.00641)

6/16/2011 1028.5 17,985.88 (0.00633) (0.00807)

6/15/2011 1035.05 18,132.24 (0.01942) (0.00964)

6/14/2011 1055.55 18,308.66 0.01194 0.00233

6/13/2011 1043.1 18,266.03 0.00831 (0.00014)

6/10/2011 1034.5 18,268.54 (0.01232) (0.00633)

6/9/2011 1047.4 18,384.90 (0.00343) (0.00051)

6/8/2011 1051 18,394.29 (0.00469) (0.00548)

6/7/2011 1055.95 18,495.62 (0.00330) 0.00410

6/6/2011 1059.45 18,420.11 0.00799 0.00237

6/3/2011 1051.05 18,376.48 (0.00005) (0.00636)

6/2/2011 1051.1 18,494.18 (0.03107) (0.00616)

6/1/2011 1084.8 18,608.81 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!




Covariance 0.0001047


Variance 0.0000966


Beta 1.08397










PRICE TREND FOR THE MONTH OF JUNE & JULY
Week 1

Week 2

Week 1
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
1090
6/1/2011 6/2/2011 6/3/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

O
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 2
1020
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
1065
6/6/2011 6/7/2011 6/8/2011 6/9/2011 6/10/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

O
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 3


Week 4


Week 3
1010
1015
1020
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
6/13/2011 6/14/2011 6/15/2011 6/16/2011 6/17/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

o
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 4
990
1000
1010
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
6/20/2011 6/21/2011 6/22/2011 6/23/2011 6/24/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

o
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 5


Week 6

Week 5
990
1000
1010
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
6/20/2011 6/21/2011 6/22/2011 6/23/2011 6/24/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

o
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 6
1065
1070
1075
1080
1085
1090
1095
1100
6/27/2011 6/28/2011 6/29/2011 6/30/2011 7/1/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

o
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Series1


Week 7


Week 8

Week 7
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
1090
1100
1110
7/4/2011 7/5/2011 7/6/2011 7/7/2011 7/8/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

o
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 8
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
1065
1070
7/11/2011 7/12/2011 7/13/2011 7/14/2011 7/15/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

O
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 9

Week 10


Week 9
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
1065
1070
1075
7/18/2011 7/19/2011 7/20/2011 7/21/2011 7/22/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

O
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
Week 10
980
990
1000
1010
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
7/25/2011 7/26/2011 7/27/2011 7/28/2011 7/29/2011
Date
P
r
i
c
e
s

O
f

t
h
e

S
h
a
r
e
STOCK HOLDER ANALYSIS
In case of ICICI bank the major stock holders are FIIs, NRIs and Foreign companies. They
comprises of 38.06% of total stocks. This shows majority stake holders are from outside which is
good indication for investor as ICICI Bank as there is external control over financial activities of
bank. The majority of stock holders are as follows:
Shareholder category Amount %
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (Depository for ADS holders 315,295,208 28.28
FIIs, NRIs, Foreign Banks, Foreign Companies, OCBs and Foreign
Nationals
424,220,461 38.06
Insurance Companies 194,423,645 17.44
Bodies Corporate 30,028,343 2.69
Banks & Financial Institutions 8,000,315 0.7
Mutual Funds 76,448,662 6.86
Individuals 66,428,680 5.97
Total 1,114,845,314 100


Dividend Policy
ICICI bank pays dividend to its stock holder. It follows generous dividend policy. Last five year
data reveals that bank has consistently provided dividend with increasing growth rate. This is
good indication for stock holders that their confidence towards investment may increased.
For year 2010 dividend paid per share was 120%. The estimated growth rate is 9.5% per year
from the past records.

Shareholder category
Deutsche Bank Trust Company
Americas (Depository for ADS
holders
FIIs, NRIs, Foreign Banks,
Foreign Companies, OCBs and
Foreign Nationals
Insurance Companies
Bodies Corporate
Banks & Financial Institutions
Year Month Dividend (%)
2010 Apr 120
2009 Apr 110
2008 Apr 110
2007 Apr 100
2006 Apr 85
2005 May 85

LEVERAGE ANALYSIS
Financial Leverage analysis: The degree to which an investor or business is utilizing
borrowed money is to be analyze by financial leverage analysis. The indicator for this is DFL,
DOL.
DOL in case of ICICI bank is calculated as follows:
Revenue= 159.70 billion
Operating Expenses=58.59 billion
PBIT=68.52 Billion
Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = Contribution/ PBIT =1.47
Degree of Financial Leverage (DFL) = contribution / PBT = 1.97
Degree of Total Leverage (DTL)= DOL* DFL= 1.47*1.97= 2.904
Analysis: From above values we can interpret that ICICI bank uses debt more than operating
income in order to finance their activities. The value of DFL is 1.97 and DOL is 1.47 which
indicates Bank uses both sources of funds in optimal combination in order to sustain its financial
demands.

Cost of Capital
In fiscal year 2010, the main component of capital of ICICI bank are equity and Debts. Which
ultimately build up capital of ICICI Bank for sustaining their business in this growing banking
sector.

Cost of equity can be calculated as follows
Re= Rf + B(Rm-Rf)
Re= cost of equity
Rm= Rate of market return.
Rf= Risk free return rate.
B= beta
Here
Rf= 7.68% This is rate of return for investments in government banks or FDs.(refer ICICI
annual report 2010)
Rm = 12.7% (NSE market growth rate yearly)
B= 1.41 (Calculated value)
Re= 7.68% + 1.41(12.7- 7.68) = 13.64%
Cost of Equity= 13.64%

Cost of Debt
In case of ICICI bank Debt is perpetual so we can used following formula
Rd= Interest paid / Total Debt
Rd= 175,925,704,000/942,635,686,000 = 18.66%
Cost of debt = 18.66%

Capital Structure and Firm Value
ICICI bank has cost of equity and debt are 13.64% and 18.66% respectively. The total capital
structure can be calculated as follows:
Ra= Rd(D/D+E)(1-T) + Re (E/E+D)
Where Ra= Overall cost of Captial
Ra= 18.66(.9883)(.73)+ 13.64(.1167) = 15.05%
This indicates that In 2010 ICICI can give almost 15.05% benefits to its capital providers. This is
good indication to its capital providers as they will get significant return on their investments. If
company changes its ratio to 80:20 -60:40 then they can optimize the cost of capital and have
balance capital structure.
Working Capital Requirement
A company has two kinds of assets namely fixed assets such as property and machinery and
current assets. The current assets of a company are those which will be used up within a single
fiscal year. Current liabilities are those which have to be settled in cash within the current fiscal
year.. Working capital is the difference between the current assets and the current liability. The
mathematical formula for this is:

Working Capital = Current Assets Current Liabilities
29,997.23-15,501.18= 14,496.05 (Rs. Crore)
The Maximum permissible Bank finance (MPBF) value for ICICI bank as per Tondon
Committee will be: 75% of Working Capital i.e 10872.03 (Rs. Crore)














Risk Management-An overview

The etymology of the word Risk can be traced to the Latin word Rescum meaning Risk at
Sea or that which cuts. Risk is associated with uncertainty and reflected by way of charge on the
fundamental/ basic i.e. in the case of business it is the Capital, which is the cushion that protects
the liability holders of an institution. These risks are inter-dependent and events affecting one
area of risk can have ramifications and penetrations for a range of other categories of risks.
Foremost thing is to understand the risks run by the bank and to ensure that the risks are properly
confronted, effectively controlled and rightly managed. Each transaction that the bank
undertakes changes the risk profile of the bank. The extent of calculations that need to be
performed to understand the impact of each such risk on the transactions of the bank makes it
nearly impossible to continuously update the risk calculations. Hence, providing real time risk
information is one of the key challenges of risk management exercise.
Till recently all the activities of banks were regulated and hence operational environment was not
conducive to risk taking. Better insight, sharp intuition and longer experience were adequate to
manage the limited risks. Business is the art of extracting money from others pocket, sans
resorting to violence. But profiting in business without exposing to risk is like trying to live
without being born. Everyone knows that risk taking is failure prone as otherwise it would be
treated as sure taking. Hence risk is inherent in any walk of life in general and in financial
sectors in particular. Of late, banks have grown from being a financial intermediary into a risk
intermediary at present. In the process of financial intermediation, the gap of which becomes
thinner and thinner, banks are exposed to severe competition and hence are compelled to
encounter various types of financial and non-financial risks. Risks and uncertainties form an
integral part of banking which by nature entails taking risks.
Business grows mainly by taking risk. Greater the risk, higher the profit and hence the business
unit must strike a tradeoff between the two. The essential functions of risk management are to
identify measure and more importantly monitor the profile of the bank. While Non-Performing
Assets are the legacy of the past in the present, Risk Management system is the pro-active action
in the present for the future. Managing risk is nothing but managing the change before the risk
manages. While new avenues for the bank has opened up they have brought with them new risks
as well, which the banks will have to handle and overcome.
Risk management is the identification, assessment, and prioritization of risks followed by
coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the
probability and/or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities.
Risks can come from uncertainty in financial markets, project failures (at any phase in
development, production, or sustainment life-cycles), legal liabilities, credit risk, accidents,
natural causes and disasters as well as deliberate attack from an adversary or events of uncertain
root-cause.
Risk management in banks
With the increasing competition, the banking industry, too, has become a business activity.
Business grows mainly by taking risk. Greater the risk, higher the profit and hence the business
unit must strike a tradeoff between the two. The essential functions of risk management are to
identify measure and more importantly monitor the profile of the bank. While Non- Performing
Assets are the legacy of the past in the present, Risk Management system is the pro-active action
in the present for the future. Managing risk is nothing but managing the change before the risk
manages. While new avenues for the bank has opened up they have brought with them new risks
as well, which the banks will have to handle and overcome.
Hence risk management has become an integral part of the banking systems worldwide

Types of risk identified
There are various kinds of risks that are identified in the banks. They primarily include:
1. Credit risk
Credit risk is an investor's risk of loss arising from a borrower who does not make
payments as promised. Such an event is called a default. The risk of loss of principal or
loss of a financial reward stemming from a borrower's failure to repay a loan or otherwise
meet a contractual obligation is the credit risk.


2. Operational risk
The risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems
or from external events is regarded as the operational risk. This definition includes legal
risk, but excludes strategic and reputational risk.

3. Market risk
Market risk is defined as the risk of losses in on and off-balance-sheet positions arising
from movements in market prices. They are further divided into various subsections:

i. Interest rate risk
The risk that changes in interest rates will adversely impact the revenues and the
banks balance sheet.

ii. Liquidity risk
Occurs when Bank is not in a position to pay amounts due to its
customers/counter parties or these are met by borrowing from the market at high
cost.

iii. Foreign exchange rate risk
It is the Risk that a bank may suffer losses as a result of adverse exchange rate
movements during a period in which it has an open position.

iv. Commodity risk
It is the Risk that a bank may suffer losses as a result of adverse movements in
equity/commodity prices during a period in which it has an open position.

Standard & Poor's Credit Ratings
Exhibit 1

AAA Best credit qualityExtremely reliable with regard to
financial obligations.






























AA Very good credit qualityVery reliable.
A More susceptible to economic conditionsstill good
credit quality.
BBB Lowest rating in investment grade.
BB Caution is necessaryBest sub-investment credit
quality.
B Vulnerable to changes in economic conditions
Currently showing the ability to meet its financial
obligations.
CCC Currently vulnerable to nonpaymentDependent on
favorable economic conditions.
CC Highly vulnerable to a payment default.
C Close to or already bankruptpayment on the obligation
currently continued.
D Payment default on some financial obligation has
actually occurred.



This is the system of credit ratings Standard & Poor's applies to
bonds. Ratings can be modified with + or signs, so an AA is a
higher rating than is an A+ rating. With such modifications, BBB
is the lowest investment grade rating. Other credit rating systems
are similar.

Source: Standard & Poor's.
Credit Risk in Banking System

In recent years, a revolution is brewing in risk as it is both managed and measured. There are
seven reasons as to why certain surge in interest:

1. Structural increase in bankruptcies:
Although the most recent recession hit at different time in different countries, most statistics
show a significant increase in bankruptcies, compared to prior recession. To the extent that there
has been a permanent or structural increase in bankruptcies worldwide- due to increase in the
global competition- accurate credit analysis become even more important today than in past.

2. Disintermediation:
As capital markets have expanded and become accessible to small and mid sized firms, the firms
or borrowers left behind to raise funds from banks and other traditional financial institutions
(FIs) are likely to be smaller and to have weaker credit ratings. Capital market growth has
produced a winners curse effect on the portfolios of traditional FIs.

3. More Competitive Margins:
Almost paradoxically, despite the decline in the average quality of loans, interest margins or
spreads, especially in wholesale loan markets have become very thin. In short, the risk-return
trade off from lending has gotten worse. A number of reasons can be cited, but an important
factor has been the enhanced competition for low quality borrowers especially from finance
companies, much of whose lending activity has been concentrated at the higher risk/lower
quality end of the market.

4. Declining and Volatile Values of Collateral:
Concurrent with the recent Asian and Russian debt crisis in well developed countries such as
Switzerland and Japan have shown that property and real assets value are very hard to predict,
and to realize through liquidation. The weaker (and more uncertain) collateral values are, the
riskier the lending is likely to be. Indeed the current concerns about deflation worldwide have
been accentuated the concerns about the value of real assets such as property and other physical
assets.

5. The Growth Of Off- Balance Sheet Derivatives:
In many of the very large U.S. banks, the notional value of the off-balance-sheet exposure to
instruments such as over-the-counter (OTC) swaps and forwards is more than 10 times the size
of their loan books. Indeed the growth in credit risk off the balance sheet was one of the main
reasons for the introduction, by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), of risk based
capital requirements in 1993. Under the BIS system, the banks have to hold a capital requirement
based on the mark- to- market current values of each OTC Derivative contract plus an add on for
potential future exposure.

6. Technology
Advances in computer systems and related advances in information technology have given banks
and FIs the opportunity to test high powered modeling techniques. A survey conducted by
International Swaps and Derivatives Association and the Institute of International Finance in
2000 found that survey participants (consisting of 25 commercial banks from 10 countries, with
varying size and specialties) used commercial and internal databases to assess the credit risk on
rated and unrated commercial, retail and mortgage loans.


7. The BIS Risk-Based Capital Requirement
Despite the importance of above six reasons, probably the greatest incentive for banks to develop
new credit risk models has been dissatisfaction with the BIS and central banks post-1992
imposition of capital requirements on loans. The current BIS approach has been described as a
one size fits all policy, irrespective of the size of loan, its maturity, and most importantly, the
credit quality of the borrowing party. Much of the current interest in fine tuning credit risk
measurement models has been fueled by the proposed BIS New Capital Accord (or so Called
BIS II) which would more closely link capital charges to the credit risk exposure to retail,
commercial, sovereign and interbank credits.

APPROACHES TO CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT BY THE BANKS




There are broadly two types of approaches to manage credit risk in the banks. The Basel II
Committee permits banks a choice between two broad methodologies for calculating their capital
requirements for credit risk.

One alternative, the Standardized Approach, will be to measure credit risk in a standardized
manner, supported by external credit assessments.


The other alternative, the Internal Ratings-based Approach, which is subject to the
Explicit approval of the banks supervisor, would allow banks to use their internal rating
Systems for credit risk.



Credit risk
management
internal
rating based
approach
F-IRB A-IRB
standardized
approach
The Standardized Approach

The standardized approach refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques proposed under
Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.

Under this approach the banks are required to use ratings from External Credit Rating Agencies
to quantify required capital for credit risk. In many countries this is the only approach the
regulators are planning to approve in the initial phase of Basel II Implementation.

The Internal Ratings-based Approach
The Basel Accord proposes to permit banks a choice between two broad methodologies for
calculating their capital requirements for credit risk. The other alternative is based on internal
ratings. This approach is divided into two parts:
Foundation internal ratings-based approach (F-IRB)
Advanced internal rating-based approach (A-IRB)

Foundation internal ratings-based approach refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques
proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions. Under this approach the
banks are allowed to develop their own empirical model to estimate the PD (probability of
default) for individual clients or groups of clients. Banks can use this approach only subject to
approval from their local regulators.

Under F-IRB banks are required to use regulator's prescribed LGD (Loss Given Default) and
EAD required for calculating the RWA (Risk Weighted Assets). Then total required capital is
calculated as a fixed percentage of the estimated RWA.

Advanced internal rating-based approach refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques
proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.

Under this approach the banks are allowed to develop their own empirical model to quantify
required capital for credit risk. Banks can use this approach only subject to approval from their
local regulators. Banks can determine their own estimation for some components of risk
measure: the probability of default (PD), exposure at default (EAD) and effective maturity
(M). The goal is to define risk weights by determining the cut-off points between and within
areas of the expected loss (EL) and the unexpected loss (UL), where the regulatory capital should
be held, in the probability of default. Then, the risk weights for individual exposures are
calculated based on the function provided by Basel II.



































Chapter 6
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY





















1. The data availability is proprietary and not readily shared for dissemination.
2. The staff although are very helpful but are not able to give much of their time due to
their own job constraints.
3. The study is not very exhaustive and many concepts could not be covered as they are
not approachable.
4. The data is used in the study is secondary which can lead to some kind of discrepancy,
anomaly or biasness in the study.
5. The data had some inconsistencies which can lead to biasness the results obtained in the
study.
6. The study is being done keeping in mind the policies of the Head Office.
7. Working as a trainee for a period of two months the company was reluctant to reveal
its complete information.
8. The time was not enough for giving an in-depth review of the financial analysis.
9. Limitations of Ratio Analysis
1. Comparison not possible if different firms adopt different accounting
policies.
2. Ratio analysis becomes less effective due to price level changes.
3. Ratio may be misleading in the absence of absolute data.
4. Limited use of a single data.
5. Lack of proper standards.
6. False accounting data gives false ratio.
7. Ratios alone are not adequate for proper conclusions.
8. Effect of personal ability and bias of the analyst.





















Chapter 7

Recommendations & Suggestions

















Some of the recommendation and suggestion are as follows:
1. The attention is required on the areas of growth, profitability ,service level and building
talent.
2. To increase the profit of bank, bank should decrease their operating expenses and
increase their income.
3. To increase its liquidity, bank should keep some more cash in its hand instead of giving
more and more advances.
4. Introduce quality consciousness and standardization of the work system and procedures.
5. Make manager competitive and introduce spirit of market-orientation and culture of
working for customer satisfaction.
6. There is need to build the knowledge and skill base among the employees in the context
of technology.
7. Performance measure should not only cover financial aspects i.e. quantitatively aspects
but also the qualitative aspects.
8. It is high time to focus on work than the work-achieved.
9. Bank should increase its retail portfolio.
10. Bank should manage its all risk such as credit, market and operational risk properly and
should be managed by a person who is highly skilled and qualified.
Bank should pay attention on its subsidiary ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited
There exist various fruitful avenues along which this research can be extended. One option is to
augment the data-set, to encompass either the larger sample of larger corporate with revolving
credits (either more recent defaults or an extended cross section)
















Chapter 8

Conclusions


















The balance-sheet along with the income statement is an important tool for investors and many
other parties who are interested in it to gain insight into a company and its operation. The
balance sheet is a snapshot at a single point of time of the companys accounts- covering its
assets, liabilities and shareholders equity. The purpose of the balance-sheet is to give users an
idea of the companys financial position along with displaying what the company owns and
owes. It is important that all investors know how to use, analyze and read balance-sheet. P & L
account tells the net profit and net loss of a company and its appropriation.
In the case of ICICI Bank, during fiscal 2010, the bank continued to grow and diversify its assets
base and revenue streams. Bank maintained its leadership in all main areas such as retail credit,
wholesale business, international operation, insurance, mutual fund, rural banking etc.
Continuous increase in the number of branches, ATM and electronic channels shows the growth
take place in bank.
Trend analysis of profit & loss account and balance sheet shows the % change in items of p & l
a/c and balance sheet i.e. % change in 2010 from 2009 and % change in 2011 from 2010. It
shows that all items are increased mostly but increase in this year is less than as compared to
increase in previous year. In p & l a/c, all items like interest income, non-interest income, interest
expenses, operating expenses, operating profit, profit before tax and after tax is increased but in
mostly cases it is less than from previous year but in some items like interest income, interest
expenses, provision % increase is more. Some items like tax, depreciation, lease income is
decreased. Similarly in balance sheet all items like advances, cash, liabilities, deposits is
increased except borrowings which is decreased. % increase in some item is more than previous
year and in some items it is less.
Ratio analysis of financial statement shows that banks current ratio is better than the quick ratio
and fixed/worth ratio. It means bank has invested more in current assets than the fixed assets and
liquid assets. Banks have given more advances to its customer and they have less cash in their
hand. Profitability ratio of bank is lower than as compared to previous year. Return on equity is
better than the return on assets.
The cash flow statement shows that net increase in cash generated from operating and financing
activities is much more than the previous year but cash generated from investing activities is
negative in both year. There is increase of Rs. 159,708,479 thousand in Increase in cash & cash
equivalents from previous year. Therefore analysis of cash flow statement shows that cash inflow
is more than the cash outflow in ICICI Bank.
Thus, the ratio analysis and trend analysis and analysis of cash flow statement show that ICICI
Banks financial position is good. Banks profitability is increasing but not at high rate. Banks
liquidity position is fair but not good because banks invest more in current assets than the liquid
assets. As we all know that ICICI Bank is on the first position among the entire private sector
bank of India in all areas but it should pay attention on its profitability and liquidity. Banks
position is stable.











































BIBLIOGRAPHY

REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS AND JOURNALS

1. Jacobs, Michael (2008), An empirical study of exposure at default,
2. Moral, G., 2010. EAD estimates for facilities with explicit limits in Engelmann, b. and
Raumeier, R., eds. The Basel II risk parameters, pages 197-242.
3. Michael Jacobs, Jr., April 2001. Loan equivalents for revolving credits and advised
lines. The RMA Journal, pp. 34-39
4. Asarnow, Elliot, and James Marker, spring 1995, Historical performance of the U.S.
Corporate Loan Market: 1988-93, the journal of commercial lending, vol 10 no. 2. Pp.
13-32.
5. ICICI journals (for internal circulation only)
1. Gist of operative circulars on loans and advances.
2. ICICI annual report 2009-10.
3. Documents and reference material of ICICI
4. Internal files of ICICI

FINANCIAL NEWSPAPERS
1. The Hindu Business line
2. The Economic times
3. Financial Express
WEBSITES
1. www.icicibank.com
2. www.pruicici.com
3. www.investopedia.com
4. economictimes.indiatimes.com
5. www.moneycontrol.com
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. SUNDRAM & VARSHNEY Banking, Theory Law And Practices
2. DR. S. N. MAHESHWARI Principles Of Accounting Sultan Chand & Sons
3. P.N. VARSHNEY Banking Law And Practices Sultan Chand & Sons