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Complex Power

The document derives the formula for complex power (S) in a circuit with sinusoidal voltage (v) and current (i). It shows that complex power S is equal to the real power (P) plus the imaginary reactive power (Q), where: P is the real component of S and equals the average of the product of v and i. Q is the imaginary component of S and equals the average of the product of v and the quadrature component of i. An example circuit is used to calculate the real and reactive power using both the direct formulas and complex power formula, demonstrating that the network is delivering real power and absorbing reactive power.

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aarumugam_rajendran
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167 views

Complex Power

The document derives the formula for complex power (S) in a circuit with sinusoidal voltage (v) and current (i). It shows that complex power S is equal to the real power (P) plus the imaginary reactive power (Q), where: P is the real component of S and equals the average of the product of v and i. Q is the imaginary component of S and equals the average of the product of v and the quadrature component of i. An example circuit is used to calculate the real and reactive power using both the direct formulas and complex power formula, demonstrating that the network is delivering real power and absorbing reactive power.

Uploaded by

aarumugam_rajendran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How Complex Power S= VI*?

Derivation of Complex Power:


Here, v and i and steady state sinusoidal
signals.

)
Where,

is the Voltage phase angle.

is the Current phase angle.


Taking the instant at which the current is passing through a positive maximum as
reference. The Voltage and current can be re written as

)
By using the trigonometric identity,

( )

( )
Letting

and , gives

)
Expanding the second term on the right hand side of the previous equation
By using the trigonometric identity,
( )
gives,

i
v

) ()

) ()
Thus the Instantaneous Power can be written as,
() ()
The Active Power is

)
The Reactive Power is

)
The Complex Power is defined as complex sum of real power and reactive power.
, Where, P = Re [S] and Q = Re[S]

[(

) (

)]

, Where, P = Re [S] and Q = Re[S]






Example:
Calculate the average power and the reactive power at the terminals of the
network shown in fig.
(

)
(

)
Determine whether the network inside the
box absorbing or delivering active power &
reactive power.
Method 1: (using Direct Formula)

))
By Passive Sign Convention, Negative value of -100W indicates that the network
inside the box is delivering average power to the terminals.

))
By Passive Sign Convention, Positive value of 173.21 VAR indicates that the
network inside the box is absorbing Magnetizing vars at its terminals.






i
Method 2: (using Complex Power Formula)


Therefore

)(

) = 200


S


From the above result, it is clearly shown that,
P = Re [VI*]
Q = Im [VI*]







P Q

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