0RGHUQ 8VH RI 6SUHDGVKHHW 0HWKRGV IRU $LUFUDIW

'HVLJQ 6L]LQJ DQG 3HUIRUPDQFH $QDO\VLV

$,$$ 3DSHU 
$,$$ $HURVSDFH 6FLHQFHV 0HHWLQJ 5HQR 19 
'DQLHO 3 5D\PHU 3K'
&21&(378$/ 5(6($5&+ &25325$7,21
32 %2;  3OD\D GHO 5H\ &$ 86$ 
GUD\PHU#DLUFUDIWGHVLJQFRP
KWWSZZZDLUFUDIWGHVLJQFRP

$%675$&7

LQFOXGLQJ PLVVLRQ VL]LQJ SHUIRUPDQFH DQDO\VLV DQG

SUHOLPLQDU\ HVWLPDWLRQ RI DHURG\QDPLFV ZHLJKWV
DQG SURSXOVLRQ

6SUHDGVKHHW SURJUDPV W\SLILHG WRGD\ E\ WKRVH

UXQQLQJ RQ 0LFURVRIW ([FHO KDYH EHFRPH
HQGHPLF LQ WKH HQJLQHHULQJ FRPPXQLW\ 7KLV SDSHU
UHSRUWV WKH H[SHULHQFHV RI WKLV DXWKRU ZKR KDV VSHQW
\HDUV GHYHORSLQJ D VRSKLVWLFDWHG QRQVSUHDGVKHHW
SURJUDP IRU DLUFUDIW GHVLJQ VL]LQJ DQG SHUIRUPDQFH
DQDO\VLV LQ GHYHORSLQJ D VLPSOLILHG VSUHDGVKHHW
PHWKRG IRU VLPLODU WDVNV

7KLV DXWKRU KDV VSHQW PDQ\ \HDUV LQ WKH

GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH 5'6 DLUFUDIW GHVLJQ VRIWZDUH D
KDUGFRGHG SURJUDP RI  OLQHV RI FRGH WKDW
SHUIRUPV D IXOO UDQJH RI DLUFUDIW FRQFHSWXDO GHVLJQ
WDVNV 5'6 KDV JUHDW FDSDELOLWLHV DQG D XVHU
IULHQGO\ LQWHUIDFH EXW LQFRUSRUDWHV PHWKRGV RI
VXIILFLHQW ILGHOLW\ DQG IOH[LELOLW\ WKDW WKH\ DUH EHVW
XVHG E\ DQ HQJLQHHU WUDLQHG RU D VWXGHQW WUDLQLQJ LQ
DLUFUDIW FRQFHSWXDO GHVLJQ HQJLQHHULQJ PHWKRGV

120(1&/$785(
$
/'

5'6

$VSHFW 5DWLR VSDQUHIHUHQFH

DUHD DSSOLHG WR ZLQJV DQG WDLOV
/LIWWR'UDJ 5DWLR
$LUFUDIW GHVLJQ VRIWZDUH SDFNDJH

6HYHUDO \HDUV DJR WKLV DXWKRU EHJDQ ZULWLQJ D

VLPSOLILHG DLUFUDIW GHVLJQ ERRN DLPHG DW WKH
KRPHEXLOGLQJ FRPPXQLW\ 7KHVH DUH W\SLFDOO\
LQWHOOLJHQW SHRSOH ZLWK D JUHDW LQWHUHVW DQG ORYH IRU
DLUSODQHV EXW PRVW DUH QRW WUDLQHG DHURQDXWLFDO
HQJLQHHUV QRU HQWKXVLDVWLF FRPSXWHU JHHNV

5D\PHUV 'HVLJQ 6\VWHP

:0
:4

$LUFUDIW (PSW\ :HLJKW

$LUFUDIW 7DNHRII *URVV :HLJKW

,Q ZULWLQJ WKH QHZ ERRN D SULPDU\ JRDO ZDV WKH

SUHVHQWDWLRQ RI D FRPSOHWH DQG VHOIFRQWDLQHG
PHWKRG RI GHVLJQ DQDO\VLV ZKLFK FRXOG EH
FRPSOHWHG XVLQJ RQO\ D SRFNHW FDOFXODWRU ,Q
DGGLWLRQ LW ZDV GHFLGHG WR LPSOHPHQW WKHVH
VLPSOLILHG PHWKRGV LQ D VSUHDGVKHHW SURJUDP WKDW
ZRXOG EH PDGH DYDLODEOH DORQJ ZLWK WKH ERRN 7KLV
ZDV GRQH IRU WZR UHDVRQV WR PDNH LW HDVLHU IRU
UHDGHUV WR GR WKH DQDO\VLV DQG WR PDNH LW HDVLHU IRU
WKH DXWKRU WR GR WKH H[DPSOHV LQ WKH ERRN

,1752'8&7,21
%HJLQQLQJ ZLWK 9LVL&DOF WKH RULJLQDO NLOOHU
DSSOLFDWLRQ RI HDUO\ SHUVRQDO FRPSXWHU OHJHQG WKH
VSUHDGVKHHW KDV EHHQ RQH RI WKH PDLQ XVHV RI 3&V
IRU ERWK EXVLQHVV DQG HQJLQHHULQJ DQDO\VLV :KLOH
VSUHDGVKHHW SURJUDPV FDQ DWWDLQ LPSUHVVLYH OHYHOV RI
FRPSOH[LW\ WKH\ DUH PRVW RIWHQ XVHG IRU PRUH
VLPSOLILHG DQDO\VLV LQ ZKLFK HDUO\ ZKDWLI WUDGH
VWXGLHV FDQ EH TXLFNO\ DVVHVVHG )XUWKHUPRUH WKH\
DUH HVSHFLDOO\ XVHIXO IRU RSHUDWLRQ E\ QRQH[SHUW
QRQUHJXODU XVHUV GXH WR WKHLU VWDQGDUGL]HG
DSSHDUDQFH DQG LQSXW RSHUDWLRQ

$3352$&+
7KH DSSURDFK REYLRXVO\ ZDV WR LPSOHPHQW
VLPSOLILHG DLUFUDIW DQDO\VLV PHWKRGV RQ D
VSUHDGVKHHW 0LFURVRIW ([FHO  ZDV XVHG ZLWK
QR XVH RI 9LVXDO %DVLF RU RWKHU DQDO\VLV

2YHU WKH SDVW  \HDUV DLUFUDIW GHVLJQHUV VXFK DV

/RFNKHHGV 7RQ\ +D\V KDYH FUHDWHG YDULRXV
VSUHDGVKHHW SURJUDPV WR SHUIRUP GHVLJQ WDVNV

&RS\ULJKW &  ' 3 5D\PHU 3XEOLVKHG E\ $,$$ ZLWK DXWKRU

V SHUPLVVLRQ

HQKDQFHPHQWV $ VLPSOH FRORU VFKHPH ZDV XVHG WR

LGHQWLI\ UHTXLUHG LQSXW ILHOGV DQG UHVXOWLQJ DQVZHUV
&RPPHQW ILHOGV ZHUH DGGHG WR DVVLVW XVHUV
7KH WHFKQLFDO PHWKRGV HPSOR\HG DV GHVFULEHG LQ WKH
ERRN IRU KRPHEXLOGHUV DUH ODUJHO\ VLPSOLILFDWLRQV RI
WKH VWDQGDUG DQDO\VLV PHWKRGV GHVFULEHG LQ WKLV
DXWKRUV WH[WERRN

 $LUFUDIW DUH OLPLWHG WR VXEVRQLF SLVWRQ
SURS GHVLJQV ZKLFK SHUPLWV IXUWKHU VLPSOLILFDWLRQV
LQ WKH PHWKRGV
3DUDVLWLF GUDJ LV HVWLPDWHG E\ WKH XVH RI DQ
HTXLYDOHQW VNLQ IULFWLRQ FRHIILFLHQW RU &10 VHOHFWHG
IURP KLVWRULFDO YDOXHV 7KLV LV PXOWLSOLHG E\ ZHWWHG
DUHD WKHQ GLYLGHG E\ ZLQJ UHIHUHQFH DUHD DV IROORZV

DQDO\VLV RI WKH EDVHOLQH GHVLJQ OD\RXW D VWDQGDUG

ZHLJKWV VKHHW IRUPDW LQFOXGLQJ PRPHQW FDOFXODWLRQ
LV LQFOXGHG +RZHYHU WKH DFWXDO FRPSRQHQW ZHLJKWV
PXVW EH HVWLPDWHG RII OLQH XVLQJ PHWKRGV
GHVFULEHG LQ WKH ERRN 7KH UHVXOWLQJ HPSW\ ZHLJKW LV
HQWHUHG LQWR WKH SHUIRUPDQFH VSUHDGVKHHW
7KH FHQWUDO FDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH VSUHDGVKHHW LV WKH
VL]LQJ DQDO\VLV GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI WKH DLUFUDIW WRWDO
ZHLJKW UHTXLUHG WR FDUU\ WKH LQWHQGHG SD\ORDG RYHU
WKH GHVLUHG GLVWDQFH DQG VSHHG 7KLV LV GRQH
SDUDPHWULFDOO\ E\ WDNLQJ ILYH JXHVVHG YDOXHV RI
DLUFUDIW WRWDO WDNHRII JURVV ZHLJKW :R DQG IRU HDFK
FDOFXODWLQJ WKH WDNHRII ZHLJKW DV WKH VXP RI WKH
SD\ORDG FUHZ HPSW\ ZHLJKW DQG FDOFXODWHG IXHO
ZHLJKW
)XHO ZHLJKW LV GHWHUPLQHG XVLQJ WKH %UHJXHW 5DQJH
(TXDWLRQ ZLWK DQ DGMXVWPHQW IRU IXHO XVHG GXULQJ
WDNHRII DQG FOLPE 7KH %UHJXHW HTXDWLRQ DFWXDOO\
FDOFXODWHV WKH
ZHLJKW RI WKH DLUFUDIW DIWHU
WKH FUXLVH VR WKH ZHLJKW IUDFWLRQ RI WKH IXHO WKDW ZDV
EXUQHG LV IRXQG DV RQH PLQXV WKH IUDFWLRQ IRXQG
XVLQJ WKH HTXDWLRQ
)XHO )UDFWLRQ

$LUFUDIW 'HVLJQ $ &RQFHSWXDO

$SSURDFK

3DUDVLWLF 'UDJ &RHIILFLHQW

& '  & IH

6 ZHW
6 UHI

UHPDLQLQJ

$GGLWLRQDO GUDJ VXFK DV WKDW GXH WR IL[HG ODQGLQJ

JHDU LV DGGHG IURP KLVWRULFDO YDOXHV
7KH GUDJGXHWROLIW LV IRXQG IURP WKH WLPHKRQRUHG
2VZDOG VSDQ HIILFLHQF\ IDFWRU   DV IROORZV
H

'UDJGXHWROLIWIDFWRU . 

5 FEKS

: I :  
 H

S $H

7



K S/  '

7KH  WHUP LV DQ DSSUR[LPDWH DOORZDQFH IRU

DGGLWLRQDO IXHO XVHG GXULQJ WDNHRII FOLPE GHVFHQG
DQG ODQGLQJ VXLWDEOH IRU PRVW KRPHEXLOWV
6L]LQJ UHVXOWV DUH JUDSKHG LQ WKH IRUPDW JXHVV
ZHLJKW YV FDOFXODWHG ZHLJKW 7KH FRUUHFW DQVZHU
RFFXUV ZKHUH WKH\ DUH WKH VDPH ZKLFK FDQ EH VHHQ
RQ WKH JUDSK DW WKH LQWHUVHFWLRQ RI D OLQH FRQQHFWHG
WKH FDOFXODWHG SRLQWV ZLWK D OLQH DW  GHJUHHV IURP
WKH RULJLQ VKRZQ LQ WKH H[DPSOH EHORZ
$V D OHDUQLQJ H[SHULHQFH WKH XVHU LV UHTXLUHG WR UHDG
RII WKH VL]LQJ UHVXOW LQWHUVHFWLRQ RI WKH OLQHV DQG
HQWHU WKLV UHVXOW EDFN LQ WKH VSUHDGVKHHW )URP WKLV
UHVXOW D YDULHW\ RI GHVLJQ SDUDPHWHUV DUH FDOFXODWHG
LQFOXGLQJ ZLQJ DUHD DQG JHRPHWU\ WDLO JHRPHWU\
DQG UHTXLUHG HQJLQH VL]H
$IWHU OD\RXW RI WKH GHVLJQ WKH XVHU HQWHUV DGGLWLRQDO
LQSXW SDUDPHWHUV WKDW DUH XVHG IRU SHUIRUPDQFH
FDOFXODWLRQV 7KHVH LQFOXGH PD[LPXP VSHHG FUXLVH
VSHHG UDWH RI FOLPE WDNHRII GLVWDQFH DQG FUXLVLQJ
UDQJH $OO DUH GHWHUPLQHG IURP VWDQGDUG HTXDWLRQV
DV GHVFULEHG LQ WKH UHIHUHQFHV 6SHHG DQG UDWH RI
FOLPE DUH JUDSKHG YHUVXV YHORFLW\

0D[LPXP OLIW LV DVVXPHG WR EH  RI WKH DLUIRLO

PD[LPXP OLIW DGMXVWHG E\ WKH FRVLQH RI WKH ZLQJ
VZHHS DQJOH )ODS HIIHFWV DUH WUHDWHG E\ DGGLQJ D
KLVWRULFDOO\ EDVHG OLIW LQFUHPHQW DGMXVWHG E\ WKH
IODSSHG DUHD
3URSXOVLRQ FDOFXODWLRQV DUH OLPLWHG WR SLVWRQ
SURSHOOHU DLUFUDIW 7KH XVHU LQSXWV VSHFLILF IXHO
FRQVXPSWLRQ DQG D SURSHOOHU HIILFLHQF\ K!  IRXQG
IURP WDEOHV SURYLGHG LQ WKH ERRN 7KUXVW LV
FDOFXODWHG XVLQJ WKH VWDQGDUG HTXDWLRQ GHULYHG IURP
WKH GHILQLWLRQ RI HIILFLHQF\ RU
7KUXVW 3URGXFHG



EKS K 3
9

9 YHORFLW\ IWVHF
EKS HQJLQH EUDNH KRUVHSRZHU
)RU SUHOD\RXW VL]LQJ FDOFXODWLRQV WKH HPSW\ ZHLJKW
LV GHWHUPLQHG E\ HQWHULQJ WKH FRHIILFLHQWV RI DQ
HPSW\ ZHLJKW UDWLR H[SRQHQWLDO HTXDWLRQ EDVHG RQ
KLVWRULFDO UHJUHVVLRQ DQDO\VLV )RU VXEVHTXHQW
2

7KHVH LQSXWV UHVXOWHG LQ FDOFXODWHG YDOXHV DV IROORZV

)LQDOO\ DQ DVSHFW UDWLR RSWLPL]DWLRQ LV SURYLGHG
$VSHFW UDWLR LV SDUDPHWULFDOO\ YDULHG DQG UHVXOWLQJ

&DOFXODWHG 9DOXHV

FKDQJHV LQ UDQJH DQG SHUIRUPDQFH DUH JUDSKHG 7KH

6WDOO VSHHG

XVHU LV HQFRXUDJHG WR LQVSHFW WKH JUDSK IRU D PRUH

'\QDPLF SUHVVXUH

SVI



RSWLPDO

:LQJ ORDGLQJ :6

SVI



DVSHFW

UDWLR

WKDW

PHHWV

SHUIRUPDQFH

IWVHF



UHTXLUHPHQWV
7KLV VSUHDGVKHHW FDQ EH YLHZHG DQG GRZQORDGHG DW

:R

OE

WKH DXWKRUV ZHEVLWH ZZZDLUFUDIWGHVLJQFRP 1RWH

:LQJ $UHD

VT IW




WKDW WKH VSUHDGVKHHW LV SRVWHG DV VKDUHZDUH DQG D

UHJLVWUDWLRQ IHH LV H[SHFWHG LI WKH SURJUDP LV EHLQJ

&GR



XVHG



 SL$H

:6 FUXLVH

6$03/( $,5&5$)7 '(6,*1 $1' $1$/<6,6



&UXLVH YHORFLW\

IWVHF

'\QDPLF SUHVVXUH

SVI


OEVHF

UDWKHU XQLTXH DV\PPHWULFDO GHVLJQ ZDV FRQFHLYHG

DQG XVHG DV DQ LOOXVWUDWLYH H[DPSOH 6KRZQ LQ ILJXUH
 EHORZ WKLV DLUFUDIW UHVHPEOHV D VWDQGDUG VLQJOH
HQJLQH JHQHUDO DYLDWLRQ GHVLJQ EXW ZLWK DQ H[WUD
SODFHG

DUUDQJHPHQW

RXW
7KLV

RQ

RQH

ZLQJ

PLQLPL]HV

LQ

SXVKHU

HQJLQHRXW

FRQWURO

(QJLQH 6)&

EKS

5DQJH

IW




%UHJXHW ([SRQHQW

SUREOHPV LQ DQ RWKHUZLVHQRUPDO KRPHEXLOW DLUFUDIW



:I:R



:I:R ZLWK DOORZ



7KH VL]LQJ FDOFXODWLRQV DUH EHORZ VKRZLQJ ILYH

%DVHG RQ WKH LQLWLDO GHVLJQ VNHWFK DQG WKH UDQJH DQG

JXHVVHG YDOXHV RI WDNHRII JURVV ZHLJKW :R DQG WKH

SD\ORDG UHTXLUHPHQW WKH LQLWLDO VL]LQJ LQSXWV ZHUH

UHVXOWLQJ HPSW\ ZHLJKW DQG FDOFXODWHG WDNHRII JURVV

SUHSDUHG DV IROORZV

6WDOO VSHHG



/' FUXLVH

)RU WKH VLPSOLILHG GHVLJQ ERRN IRU KRPHEXLOGHUV D

HQJLQH



ZHLJKW %\ LQVSHFWLRQ RQH FDOO WHOO WKDW WKH FRUUHFW

,QSXWV

7DNHRII DLU GHQVLW\

NWV

VOXJVIWA

:LQJ &/PD[
SRZHU ORDGLQJ

DQVZHU PXVW EH MXVW XQGHU  OEV 7KHVH UHVXOWV



DUH JUDSKHG LQ ILJXUH  EHORZ VKRZLQJ WKH FRUUHFW



DQVZHU DW DERXW  OEV 7KLV ZDV URXQGHG WR 

OEV IRU VXEVHTXHQW GHVLJQ OD\RXW


OEKS

6ZHW6UHI



:R JXHVV



&IH



$VSHFW UDWLR $



&UXLVH DLU GHQVLW\

VOXJVIWA

&UXLVH YHORFLW\

NWV




OEKRXU
(QJLQH 6)&

EKS

3URS (IILFLHQF\ FUXLVH




5DQJH

QPL

)XHO DOORZDQFH

(PSW\ :HLJKW FRQVWDQW D






:HLJKW  FUHZ

OEV



:HLJKW  3DVVHQJHUV

OEV



:HLJKW  SD\ORDG

OEV



:H:R

:H

:R FDOFXODWHG
































&DOFXODWHG 9DOXHV

)URP WKLV VL]LQJ UHVXOW WKH VSUHDGVKHHW FDOFXODWHG

WKH VL]H RI HQJLQH UHTXLUHG EDVHG RQ D SRZHU ORDGLQJ
LQSXW DV IROORZV
OEV

(QWHU :R IURP JUDSK



3LFN HQJLQH ZLWK KRUVHSRZHU RI DW OHD



KRUVHSRZHU DQG HQWHU LWV SRZHU EHORZ



&DOFXODWHG 3RZHU /RDGLQJ



SVI

VWDOO VSHHG

IWVHF



VWDOO VSHHG

NWV

SRZHU ORDGLQJ

OEKS





7DNHRII 3DUDPHWHU

1RZ ILQG D VXLWDEOH HQJLQH RI DW OHDVW WKLV

3RZHU RI 6HOHFWHG (QJLQH

ZLQJ ORDGLQJ :6



7DNHRII *URXQGUROO

IW



7DNHRII WR  IW

IW



&UXLVH VSHHG

IWVHF




&UXLVH $GYDQFH 5DWLR &UXLVH T

SVI



:LQJ DQG WDLO JHRPHWULHV ZHUH FDOFXODWHG IURP WKH

&UXLVH :6

SVI



VL]LQJ UHVXOWV DQG D IHZ PRUH LQSXWV DV IROORZV

&UXLVH /'
:IXHO WRWDO

OEV



:IXHO XVDEOH

OEV





:IXHO FUXLVH

OEV



:LQJ 6SDQ

IW

5RRW &KRUG



IW



7LS &KRUG

IW



ORJ WHUP

0HDQ &KRUG

IW



5DQJH

IW

5DQJH

QPL

7DLO DUHDV
6KW KRUL]RQWDO

VT IW



6YW YHUWLFDO

VT IW








0D[LPXP DQG FUXLVH VSHHGV DUH JUDSKHG LQ ILJXUH 

5DWH RI &OLPE DW VHD OHYHO LV VKRZQ DV ILJXUH  7KH
ZHLJKW DQG EDODQFH UHSRUW LV VKRZQ LQ ILJXUH  EXW
$IWHU GHVLJQ OD\RXW ZDV FRPSOHWHG SUHYLRXV LQSXWV

UHFDOO WKDW WKH VSUHDGVKHHW GRHV QRW DFWXDOO\ HVWLPDWH

ZHUH XSGDWHG DV QHHGHG DQG DGGLWLRQDO LQSXWV ZHUH

WKH FRPSRQHQW ZHLJKWV LW RQO\ VXPV WKHP IURP XVHU

SURYLGHG IRU SHUIRUPDQFH FDOFXODWLRQV DV IROORZV

LQSXWV &RPSRQHQW ZHLJKW HVWLPDWLRQ PD\ EH DGGHG

WR WKH VSUHDGVKHHW LQ WKH IXWXUH

2WKHU ,QSXWV

3URSHOOHU 'LDPHWHU
(QJLQH 530
&RROLQJ 3RZHU /RVV
&UXLVH 3RZHU 6HWWLQJ
&UXLVH DLU GHQVLW\
&UXLVH VSHHG
&UXLVH 3URS HIILFLHQF\

IW
UHYPLQ

 RI 6/ KS
VOXJIWA
NWV









)LQDOO\ DQ DVSHFW UDWLR RSWLPL]DWLRQ ZDV FDOFXODWHG

E\

WKH

VSUHDGVKHHW

DV

VKRZQ

LQ

ILJXUH



7KH

SURJUDP SDUDPHWULFDOO\ YDULHG WKH DVSHFW UDWLR DQG

UHFDOFXODWHG

ZHLJKW

DQG

SHUIRUPDQFH

)RU

WKLV

GHVLJQ WKH RSWLPDO DQVZHU LV WKH ORZHVW DVSHFW UDWLR

PHHWLQJ DOO SHUIRUPDQFH UHTXLUHPHQWV URXJKO\ 
:KLOH QRUPDOO\ RQH WKLQNV RI D KLJKHU DVSHFW UDWLR
DV EHLQJ PRUH RSWLPDO LQ WKLV FDVH WKH EDVHOLQH
DVSHFW UDWLR LV DOUHDG\ KLJK HQRXJK WKDW LWV UHGXFWLRQ

6RPH RI WKH SHUIRUPDQFH UHVXOWV DUH WDEXODWHG DV

VDYHV

VKRZQ EHORZ 2I SDUWLFXODU LQWHUHVW LV WKH FDOFXODWHG

LPSURYHPHQW LQ WKH GHVLJQ ,I DVSHFW UDWLR LV ORZHUHG

UDQJH RI  QDXWLFDO PLOHV

HYHQ IXUWKHU WKRXJK WKH FUXLVH VSHHG VWDUWV WR VXIIHU

7KLV

LV

VRPHZKDW

HQRXJK

VWUXFWXUDO

ZHLJKW

WR

GXH WR WKH LQFUHDVH LQ WKH LQGXFHG GUDJ

JUHDWHU WKDQ WKH LQLWLDO VL]LQJ UHTXLUHG UDQJH RI 

QPL 5HFDOO WKDW WKH VHOHFWHG :R RI  OEV ZDV
KLJKHU WKDQ WKH DFWXDO VL]LQJ UHVXOW

\LHOG

QHW

&203$5,621 72 5'6 5(68/76

6800$5< &21&/86,216

7KH VDPH GHVLJQ ZDV PRGHOHG LQ WKH 5'6

3URIHVVLRQDO SURJUDP IRU FRPSDULVRQ VDNH 7KLV
EHJV WKH TXHVWLRQ DUH WKH 5'6 UHVXOWV YDOLG HQRXJK
IRU EHQFKPDUNLQJ SXUSRVHV" 5'6 YHULILFDWLRQ KDV
EHHQ UHSRUWHG
LQ VHYHUDO SUHVHQWDWLRQV VXFK DV
5D\PHU 5'6 KDV EHHQ XVHG E\ LQGXVWU\ IRU PDQ\
\HDUV DQG FDOLEUDWHG LQ VHYHUDO QRQSXEOLVKHG
LQWHUQDO HYDOXDWLRQV ZLWK JRRG VXFFHVV )LQDOO\
5'6 LV EDVHG RQ WLPHKRQRUHG FODVVLFDO DQDO\VLV
PHWKRGV DV GHVFULEHG LQ UHI  +RSHIXOO\ WKH\ ZRUN
7KH ILUVW FRPSDULVRQ ILJXUH  VKRZV WRWDO GUDJ
GXULQJ OHYHO FUXLVH DW  IW 7KLV VKRZV IDLUO\
JRRG DJUHHPHQW FRQVLGHULQJ WKH VLPSOLFLW\ RI WKH
VSUHDGVKHHW DQDO\VLV DQG WKH SDXFLW\ RI LQSXW GDWD
7KUXVW DV HVWLPDWHG E\ WKH PHWKRGV LQ 5'6 LV VKRZQ
LQ ILJXUH  7KLV VKRZV UHPDUNDEOH DJUHHPHQW ZLWK
WKH FUXLVH WKUXVW DW  IW DV VKRZQ LQ ILJXUH 
5DWH RI &OLPE DW VHD OHYHO VKRZV IDLU DJUHHPHQW
ILJXUH 
7KH ILQDO FRPSDULVRQ LV WKDW RI UDQJH 7KLV LV IDLUO\
FORVH  QPL YHUVXV WKH VSUHDGVKHHW UHVXOW RI 
QPL  GLIIHUHQFH

$Q ([FHO VSUHDGVKHHW ZDV FUHDWHG IRU LQLWLDO

DLUFUDIW VL]LQJ DQG SHUIRUPDQFH DQDO\VLV XVLQJ
VLPSOLILHG PHWKRGV DQG PLQLPDO LQSXWV
%DVHG RQ WKH VDPSOH FDVH GHVFULEHG DERYH RQH FDQ
FRQFOXGH WKDW WKH UHVXOWV RI VXFK D VSUHDGVKHHW DUH
IDLUO\ UHDVRQDEOH IRU D QRUPDO SLVWRQSURS GHVLJQ
VXFK DV WHVWHG KHUHLQ 6XFK D VSUHDGVKHHW FRGH LV
YHU\ HDV\ WR RSHUDWH EXW WKH UHVXOWV FDQQRW EH
H[SHFWHG WR FRPSHWH ZLWK D IXOOEORZQ DLUFUDIW
GHVLJQ SURJUDP

&200(176 21 &2',1* $1' 23(5$7,21

&UHDWLRQ DQG LPSURYHPHQW RI WKLV ([FHO

VSUHDGVKHHW WRRN DERXW  KRXUV 7KLV FRPSDUHV WR
WKH WKRXVDQGV RI KRXUV UHSUHVHQWHG LQ 5'6
3URIHVVLRQDO RU VLPLODU SURJUDPV 6RPH RI WKH WLPH
VDYLQJV FDQ EH DWWULEXWHG WR WKH HDVH RI VHWWLQJ XS
LQSXW RXWSXW DQG JUDSKLQJ ZLWKLQ WKH VSUHDGVKHHW
HQYLURQPHQW 0RVW RI WKH FRGLQJ VDYLQJV WKRXJK
DUH WKH UHVXOW RI WKH VLPSOLFLW\ RI WKH PHWKRGV
HPSOR\HG 6XFK D VSUHDGVKHHW VLPSO\ FDQQRW RSHUDWH
ZLWK WKH IOH[LELOLW\ RU DFFXUDF\ RI D VRSKLVWLFDWHG
SURJUDP OLNH 5'6
7R VL]H DQG DQDO\]H D QHZ GHVLJQ WDNHV XQGHU 
PLQXWHV IRU DQ H[SHULHQFHG XVHU $JDLQ WKLV
FRPSDUHV IDYRUDEO\ ZLWK 5'6 ZKHUHLQ LW WDNHV  WR 
KRXUV WR VHW XS D QHZ GHVLJQ PRGHO IRU DQDO\VLV
$JDLQ PRVW RI WKH GLIIHUHQFH LV GXH WR WKH VLPSOLFLW\
RI WKH DQDO\VLV $OVR 5'6 DQG VLPLODU FRGHV KDYH
OHJLRQV RI FDSDELOLWLHV DQG RXWSXWV QRW VHHQ LQ WKH
VLPSOH VSUHDGVKHHW DQG FDQ EH XVHG IRU YLUWXDOO\ DOO
W\SHV RI DHURVSDFH YHKLFOHV 7KH VSUHDGVKHHW LV
OLPLWHG WR SLVWRQSURSV W\SLFDO RI KRPHEXLOWV

),*85(6

ILJXUH 

'5 $V\PPHWULF 7ZLQ

ILJXUH 

6L]LQJ *UDSK

ILJXUH 

0D[LPXP DQG &UXLVH 6SHHGV

ILJXUH 

5DWH RI &OLPE

:HLJKW /RF 0RPHQW

OEV IW IWOEV
:LQJ
+RUL]RQWDO 7DLO
9HUWLFDO 7DLO
9HQWUDO 7DLO
)XVHODJH
&DQRS\
1DFHOOH RQ ZLQJ
1DFHOOHFRZOLQJ
0RWRU 0RXQW
0DLQ /DQGLQJ *HDU
1RVH /DQGLQJ *HDU

35238/6,21

(QJLQH
$LU ,QGXFWLRQ
&RROLQJ
([KDXVW
(QJLQH &RQWUROV
0LVF (QJLQH ,QVW
3URSHOOHU
6WDUWHU
)XHO 6\VWHP









































(48,30(17











 :H $OORZDQFH
 (PSW\ :HLJKW $OORZDQFH























3RVVLEOH
/RDGLQJ
&RQGLWLRQV

6758&785(6

:HLJKW /RF 0RPHQW

OEV IW IWOEV

)OLJKW &RQWUROV
 

,QVWUXPHQWV
 

+\GUDXOLFV
 

(OHFWULFDO
 

$YLRQLFV
 

$LU &RQGLWLRQLQJ

$QWL,FLQJ

)XUQLVKLQJV (TXLSPHQW
 


727$/ :(,*+7 (037<




 


















7$.(2)) *5266 : (,*+7





&UHZ3DVV3OG 1R )XHO
&UHZ3DVV1R 3OG1R )XHO
&UHZ RQO\ 1R )XHO
&UHZ RQO\ )XOO )XHO











86()8/ /2$'

&UHZ
)XHO
2LO
3DVVHQJHUV
3D\ORDG

ILJXUH 

:HLJKW %DODQFH 5HSRUW

ILJXUH 

$VSHFW 5DWLR 2SWLPL]DWLRQ

8














ILJXUH 

/HYHO )OLJKW 'UDJ &RPSDULVRQ

ILJXUH 

7KUXVW 5'6 HVWLPDWH

ILJXUH 

5DWH RI &OLPE &RPSDULVRQ

5()(5(1&(6




+D\V $3

6SUHDGVKHHW 0HWKRGV IRU $LUFUDIW 'HVLJQ $,$$ -XO\ 

5'6 $ 3&%DVHG $LUFUDIW 'HVLJQ 6L]LQJ DQG 3HUIRUPDQFH 6\VWHP $,$$ 3DSHU 

5D\PHU '

$XJ 




6LPSOLILHG $LUFUDIW 'HVLJQ IRU +RPHEXLOGHUV

5D\PHU '

$,5&5$)7 '(6,*1 $ &RQFHSWXDO $SSURDFK

5D\PHU '

$VWURQDXWLFV :DVKLQJWRQ '&

5D\PHU '

'HVLJQ 'LPHQVLRQ 3UHVV /RV $QJHOHV 

$PHULFDQ

,QVWLWXWH RI $HURQDXWLFV DQG

7KLUG (GLWLRQ 

$LUFUDIW $HURG\QDPLF $QDO\VLV RQ D 3HUVRQDO &RPSXWHU 6$( 3DSHU  $HURWHFK 

6HSW  

10