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Arithmetic and Logical Operations (Chapter 2) : CS474/674 - Prof. Bebis

This document discusses various arithmetic and logical operations that can be performed on images, including addition to combine information, averaging multiple images to improve quality, subtraction for change detection and medical applications, and multiplication/division to adjust brightness or estimate and remove shading. It also notes that pixel values may need to be converted back to a range of 0-255 for proper display and describes logical AND and OR operations for masking and combining image regions.

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KSRajkumar
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33 views

Arithmetic and Logical Operations (Chapter 2) : CS474/674 - Prof. Bebis

This document discusses various arithmetic and logical operations that can be performed on images, including addition to combine information, averaging multiple images to improve quality, subtraction for change detection and medical applications, and multiplication/division to adjust brightness or estimate and remove shading. It also notes that pixel values may need to be converted back to a range of 0-255 for proper display and describes logical AND and OR operations for masking and combining image regions.

Uploaded by

KSRajkumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arithmetic and Logical Operations (Chapter 2)

CS474/674 Prof. Bebis

Addition
Useful for combining information between two images

0 <= a <= 1

Averaging (see Example 2.5, page 75)


Image quality can be improved by averaging a number of images together (very useful in astronomy applications). 5 images must be registered! 20 50 100 10

Subtraction
Useful for change detection.

Subtraction (contd)
Medical application.
iodine medium injected into the bloodstream

difference

enhanced

Multiplication/Division
Use to adjust the brightness of the image. multiplication by 2

Multiplication/Division (contd)
Suppose a sensor introduces some shading in the form: g(x,y)=f(x,y) h(x,y) We can estimate h(x,y) and remove shading by division.
original

shade pattern

shade correction

Comments
Arithmetic operation can produce pixel values outside of the range [0 255]. You should convert values back to the range [0 255] to ensure that the image is displayed properly.
How would you do the following mapping?

[fmin fmax] [ 0 255]

Logical Operations

AND
The AND operator is usually used to mask out part of an image.

OR
Parts of another image can be added with a logical OR operator.

Example
Result of AND Result of OR

OR

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