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Lampiran A Perhitungan: Shell Long Residue

The document provides calculations for the performance of Heat Exchanger E-108 A. It involves calculations of heat balance, LMTD, temperature corrections, flow areas, mass velocities, Reynolds numbers, heat transfer coefficients, tube wall temperature, and overall heat transfer coefficient. The key results are: - The heat duty of the shell side is 6597806 Btu/hr and tube side is 5818632 Btu/hr. - The LMTD is 118.7707°F. - The clean overall heat transfer coefficient is 57.2993246 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. - The design overall coefficient is 19.57 Btu/hr-ft2

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views13 pages

Lampiran A Perhitungan: Shell Long Residue

The document provides calculations for the performance of Heat Exchanger E-108 A. It involves calculations of heat balance, LMTD, temperature corrections, flow areas, mass velocities, Reynolds numbers, heat transfer coefficients, tube wall temperature, and overall heat transfer coefficient. The key results are: - The heat duty of the shell side is 6597806 Btu/hr and tube side is 5818632 Btu/hr. - The LMTD is 118.7707°F. - The clean overall heat transfer coefficient is 57.2993246 Btu/hr-ft2-°F. - The design overall coefficient is 19.57 Btu/hr-ft2

Uploaded by

Novi Retno Sari
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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85

LAMPIRAN A
PERHITUNGAN
Perhitungan kinerja Heat Exchanger E-108 A
Diketahui :
Shell = Long Residue
T1

= 228,44oC = 32 + (

T2

= 200,24oC = 32 + (

= 443,192oF

C)

= 392,432 oF

C)

T1 T2 = (443,192 392,432) oF

= 50,76oF

= 206975,2 lb/hr

= 2253,2 T/D x 1000kg/T x 2,2046 lb/D x

Spgr60/60

= 0,9097

= 24,04

API

Tube = Crude Oil

t1

= 138,26oC = 32 + (

= 155,46oC = 32 + (

C)

280,868oF

t2

C)

311,828oF

t2 - t1

= (311,828 280,868) oF
= 3509,4 T/D x 1000kg/T x 2,2046 lb/D x

lb/hr

Spgr60/60= 0,85056

API

= 34,86

= 30,96oF
= 322367,6

86

1. NERACA PANAS (Heat Ballance), Q


Q = W. C (T1 T2) = w. c (t1 t2)
a. Pada Shell (Long Residu)
Diketahui :
TAVg =

T1 + T2
=
2

= 0,628 Btu/lb.oF

= 417,812 oF
(Fig. 4 Kern Hal. 806)

Maka,
Q1 = W x C (T2 T1)
= 206975,2 lb/hr x 0,628 Btu/lb.oF x 50,76oF
= 6597806,297 Btu/hr
b. Pada Tube (Crude Oil)
Diketahui :
tAVg =

t1 + t 2
=
2

= 0,583 Btu/lb.oF

= 296,348 oF
(Fig. 4 Kern Hal. 806)

Maka,
Q1 = w x c (t2 t1)
= 322367,6 lb/hr x 0,583 Btu/lb.oF x 30,96oF
= 5818632,654 Btu/hr

87

2. LMTD dant
Hot Fluida
443,192oF
392,432oF
50,76oF
(T1 T2)

T1
T2

Higher Temp
Lower Temp
Differences

t2
t1

Cold Fluida
311,828oF
280,868oF
30,96oF
(t2 t1)

t2 t1
= ln t2 / t1 =

LMTD

Differences
131,364oF
111,564oF
19,8oF

= 121,1946 oF

T1 T2
= t t
2
1

= 1,639535

t 2 t1
= T t
1
1

= 0,19073

Berdasarkan data Desain HE E-108 A yang merupakan HE dengan


2Shell dan >4Tube Pass, Maka didapat Faktor Koreksi FT = 0,98
(Fig. 18 Kern Hal. 828)
Sehingga,
t

= LMTD x FT
= 121,1946 oF x 0,98
= 118,7707 oF

3. TEMPERATUR KALORI (Tc dan tc)


tc
th =

t1
t2

= 0,84927377

(Fig. 17 Kern Hal. 827)

Diketahui :
T1 - T2
o

API

= 50,76 oF
= 24,04

Maka didapat :
Kc

= 0,165

(Fig. 17 Kern Hal. 827)

t2
t1
(t2 - t1)

88

Fc

= 0,48

(Fig. 17 Kern Hal. 827)

Tc (Shell)

= t1 + Fc x (T1 T2)
= 392,432oF + 0,48 x 50,76oF
= 416,7968 oF

tc (Tube)

= T2 + Fc x (t2 t1)
= 280,868oF + 0,48 x 30,96oF
= 295,7288 oF

4. LUAS ALIRAN (Flow Area), as dan at


a. Pada Shell
Diketahui :
Diameter Dalam (ID) = 1450 mm = 145 cm x 0,3937 in/cm = 57,0865 in
Tube Pitch (PT)

32 mm = 3,2 cm x 0,3937 in/cm = 1,2598 in

Jarak Baffles (B)

= 600 mm = 60 cm x 0,3937 in/cm

= 23,622 in

Tube Clearance (C) = PT OD = 0,2598 in


Maka :
as

IDxC " xB
144 P
T

=
= 1,87273794 ft2
b. PadaTube
Diketahui :
Jumlah Tube (Nt)

= 586 per shell

Jumlah Pass (n)

= 4

Diameter Luar (OD)

= 1 in

BWG

= 12

Maka :
at

= 0, 479 in2 (Tabel 10 Kern Hal. 843)

89

at

N t x a 't
144 n

x4

= 0,487316 ft2

5. KECEPATAN MASSA (Mass Velocity), GsdanGt


a. PadaShell
Diketahui :
ws

= 206975,2 lb/hr

as

= 1.87273794 ft2

Maka :
ws
Gs = a
s

= 110520,1 lb/hr.ft2

b. PadaTube
Diketahui :
wt = 322367,6 lb/hr
at

= 0.487316

ft2

Maka :
wt
Gt = a
t

6. BILANGAN REYNOLD (Re)


a. Pada Shell
Diketahui :
Tc

= 416,7968 oF

API

= 24,04

SG

= 0,9097

= 661516,6614 lb/hr.ft2

90

lb

= 0,66 Cp x 2, 42

ft.hr
cp

= 1,5972 lb/ft.hr
1 ft

Maka, De

Res =

= 0, 99 in x 12 in = 0, 0825 ft

De x G s

= 5708,683176

b. Pada Tube
Diketahui :
= 295,7288oF

tc

API = 34,86
SG = 0.85056
lb

= 0,44 Cp x 2, 42

ft.hr
cp

= 1,0648 Ib/ft.hr
Maka, Dt

(J.B Maxwell Hal 165)

= 0.782 in

(Tabel 10. Kern Hal. 843)


1 ft

= 0, 782 in 12 in = 0, 0651 ft
Ret

Dt x Gt

= 40444

7. FAKTOR PERPINDAHAN PANAS (jH)


a. Pada shell
Res

= 5708,683176

jH
b. Pada Tube
Diketahui :

= 40

(Fig. 28 Kern Hal. 838)

91

= 4,877 m / 0,0254 m/in = 192 in x 0,0833 ft/in = 15,99 ft

= 0,782 ft / 12 = 0,0651 ft

L/D

= 245,67

Maka dari grafik didapat,


jH

= 120

(Fig. 24 Kern Hal. 834)

8. KOEFISIEN PERPINDAHAN PANAS


a. Pada Shell
Diketahui :
Tc

= 416,7968oF

= 0,625 Btu/lb.oF

(Fig. 4 Kern Hal. 806)

= 0,0663 Btu/ft2.hr(oF.ft)

(Fig. 1 Kern Hal. 803)

Maka,
1/ 3

c .

= 2,469

b. Pada tube
Diketahui :
tc

= 295,7288oF

= 0,584 Btu/lb.oF

(Fig. 4 Kern Hal. 806)

= 0,0727 Btu/ft2.hr(oF.ft)

(Fig. 1 Kern Hal. 803)

Maka,
1/ 3

c .

9. ho dan hio
a. Pada shell
Diketahui :

= 2,045

92

jH

= 40

k / De
Maka :

= 0,0663 / 0,0825

ho
ho

ho

= 0,8036

k c . 1 / 3
= jH .
.

s
D k
k c . 1 / 3
= jH .
.

D k

= 40 x 0,8036 x 2,469
= 79,3671273

b. Pada tube
Diketahui :
jH = 120
k/D
Maka :
hi

= 0,0727 / 0, 0651= 1,11674

= jH .

k c . 1 / 3
.

D k

= jH .

k c . 1 / 3
.

D k

= 120 x 1,11674 x 2,045


= 274,0488

1)

hio

ID
OD

= 274,0488 x
= 214,3062
9. TUBE WALL TEMPERATURE
tw

= tc +

ho / s
hio / t + ho / s

(Tc - tc)

93

=295,7288oF+

(416,7968-295,7288) oF

= 328,448215oF
10. s dan t
a. Pada shell
tw

= 328.448215oF

SG

= 0,9097

= 0,78 x 2, 42

lb

ft.hr
cp

= 1,8876 lb/ft.hr

Maka,
s

0 ,14

0,14

= 0,976

b. Pada tube
tw

= 328,448215oF

SG = 0,85056
lb
w = 0,37Cp x 2, 42

ft.hr
cp

= 0,8594 lb/ft.hr
Maka,
t

0 ,14

11. ho dan hio


a. Pada shell
ho

ho

x s

0,14

= 1,024

94

= 79,367 x 0,976
= 77,532 Btu/hr (ft)2 (oF)
b. Pada tube
hio

hio

xt

= 214.3062 x 1,024
= 219,5684 Btu/hr (ft)2 (oF)
12. CLEAN OVERALL COEFFICIENT, Uc
Uc

hio . ho
hio +ho

= 57,2993246 Btu/hr (ft)2 (oF)

13. DESIGN OVERALL COEFFICIENT, Ud


Diketahui :
OD

= 1 in

BWG

= 12

= 0,2618 ft2/in.ft

= 16 ft

Nt

= 586 / shell

(Tabel 10 Kern Hal. 843)

Maka,
A

= a x L x Nt
= 0,2618 ft2/ft x 16 ft x 586
= 2453,65 ft

Sehingga,
UD

= A.
t =

= 19,57 Btu / hr.ft2.oF

14. FAKTOR PENGOTOR, Rd


Rd

UC U D
U C ..U D =

15. PRESSURE DROP

= 0,03364496 Btu/hr (ft)2 (oF)

95

a. Padashell
1) Untuk Res

= 5708,683176 lb/ft.hr

= 0,00235 ft2 / in2

(Fig. 29 Kern Hal. 839)

= 0,773

(Fig. 6 Kern Hal. 809)

Ds

= 12 in / ft = 57,086/12 = 4,757 ft

ID

2) No.of crosses,
N + 1

12 L
=
B

= 97,54

3) Pressure drop (Ps)

f .Gs .Ds .( N +1)


=
5,22 x1010.De . s .s
2

Ps

=
= 4,095949058 psi
= 4.095949058 psi x

1 kg / cm 2
14,233 psi

= 0,2877778 kg / cm2
b. Pada tube
Untuk Ret

= 40444

= 0,00016 ft2 / in2

tc

= 295,7288oF

(Fig. 26 Kern Hal. 836)

API = 34,86

= 0,76

1) Pressure drop (Pt)

(Fig. 6 Kern Hal. 809)

96

Pt

f .Gt L. n
=
5,22 x 1010.D . s . t
=
= 1,692807448 psi
= 1,692807448 psi x

1 kg / cm 2
14,233 psi

= 0,1189353 kg/cm2
2) Gt

lb/ft2.hr

v2
2 g ' psi

= 0,052

(Fig. 27 Kern Hal.

837)
Pr

=
=

4 x n
v2
x
s
2g'

x 0,052

= 1,094736842 psi
= 1,094736842 psi x

1 kg / cm 2
14,233 psi

= 0,0769154 kg/cm2
3) PT

= Pt + Pr
= 1,6928074 psi + 1,094736 psi
= 2,78754429 psi
= 2,78754429 psi x

1 kg / cm 2
14,233 psi

= 0,1958937877 kg/cm2
16. EFFISIENSI KERJA HE
=

x 100%

97

=
= 88,19 %

x 100 %

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