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Integrated Science 1A

This document provides an overview of introductory science concepts. It discusses that science involves studying the world through observation, hypothesis, experimentation, analysis and conclusions. Scientists work in laboratories using various equipment and tools, following safety procedures. Examples of tools include the Bunsen burner, which produces a blue flame when the air hole is closed and a yellow flame when open. Measurements in science involve units like meters, grams, and seconds. Proper scientific investigation requires keeping all factors the same except the one being studied.

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Janet Law
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24 views

Integrated Science 1A

This document provides an overview of introductory science concepts. It discusses that science involves studying the world through observation, hypothesis, experimentation, analysis and conclusions. Scientists work in laboratories using various equipment and tools, following safety procedures. Examples of tools include the Bunsen burner, which produces a blue flame when the air hole is closed and a yellow flame when open. Measurements in science involve units like meters, grams, and seconds. Proper scientific investigation requires keeping all factors the same except the one being studied.

Uploaded by

Janet Law
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integrated Science 1A

Ch. 1 Introducing Science


1.1 Beginning Science Science is the study of things and events around us. It is divided into several branches. People who are experts in one or more branches of science are called scientists. Science helps us to solve problems and improves our living standard. However science is not always good for mankind and has its limitations. The Work of a Scientist Scientists find thing out by carrying out scientific investigations. The steps involved are: Make observation Make hypotheses Carry out experiments Measure, record and analyse date Draw a conclusions The Science Laboratory We carry out experiments in the laboratory, where there a lot of apparatus and equipment. We must follow safety rules in the laboratory.

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1.3

1.4. Working in the Science Laboratory

A Bunsen burner is used for heating things in the laboratory. It gives a blue flame when
the air hole is closed and a yellow flame when the air hole is opened.

Yellow flame
Yellow in colour Irregular in shape Quieter Less hot

Blue flame
Blue in colour Regular in shape Noisier hotter

Sometimes the Bunsen burner may strike back if the air hole is fully open. The flame changes to a green colour and you can hear a loud sound. You should turn off the gas tap immediately. The chimney of Bunsen flame is not very hot because it contains unburnt gas. We can use a dropper to transfer a small amount of liquid. Measurements in Science Examples f measurements:

1.5

Integrated Science 1A
Measurement length temperature weight Instrument metre rule/ half-metre rule thermometer Balance metre rule/ half-metre rule/ measuring cylinder stop-watch/clock Unit metre centimeter millimetre degrees Celsius Gram Kilogram cubic centimetre cubic metre millilitre litre hour minute second Symbol m cm mm o C g kg cm3 m3 mL L h min s

volume time

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Conducting a Simple Scientific Investigation

In a fair test all factors should be kept the same except the one you are investigating.

The step of using Bunsen burner 1. Put the Bunsen burner on a heat-proof mat. 2. Close the air hole. 3. Light a match. 4. Hold the burning match just above the top of the chimney. 5. Turn on the gas tap.

Integrated Science 1A

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