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EE438 - Z-Transform Example

This document provides an example of using the z-transform to analyze a causal system and determine its frequency and impulse response. The system has an input of x(n) and output of y(n). Taking the z-transform yields the system's transfer function H(z). Partial fraction expansion is used to find the inverse z-transform and compute the impulse response h(n), which is a decaying cosine function.

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girithik14
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17 views

EE438 - Z-Transform Example

This document provides an example of using the z-transform to analyze a causal system and determine its frequency and impulse response. The system has an input of x(n) and output of y(n). Taking the z-transform yields the system's transfer function H(z). Partial fraction expansion is used to find the inverse z-transform and compute the impulse response h(n), which is a decaying cosine function.

Uploaded by

girithik14
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE438 Z-transform Example

EE 438 Z-transform Example


Determine the frequency and impulse response of the following causal system. 1 y (n) = y (n 2) + x (n) + x(n 1) 2 Analysis: 1 Y ( z ) = z 2Y ( z ) + X ( z ) + z 1 X ( z ) 2 1 Y ( z )1 + z 2 = X ( z ) 1 + z 1 2

H ( z) =

1 + z 1 1 1 + z 2 2 z ( z + 1) = 1 z2 + 2 z ( z + 1) = 1 1 z + j z j 2 2

Then the region of convergence is: Causal => h(n) is right sided

Pole-zero diagram:

ROC = { z > b} where b = max p k =

1 2

ROC = z > 1 / 2

- Poles - Zeros

1 2

EE438 Z-transform Example

Compute impulse response

h(n) = Z 1 {H ( z )}

Use partial fraction expansion (see appendix of Oppenheim, Willsky with Young)

H ( z) z +1 A B = = + 1 z 1 1 z+ j 1 z j z + j z j 2 2 2 2
A= z +1

z j / 2 z = j / 2 1 j / 2 = 2 j 2 1 2 = +j 2 2 = 1 1 +j 2 2 z +1

B=

z + j / 2 z= j / 2 1+ j / 2 = 2 j 2 1 2 = j 2 2 = 1 1 j 2 2

Notice that A = B * because j / 2 and + j / 2 are complex conjugate pole pairs.

1 1 + j z 2 H ( z) 2 = + 1 z z+ j 2
Since the ROC = z >

1 1 z 2 j 2 1 z j 2

1 2

EE438 Inverse Z-transform Example

-3

...

1 1 j j 1 1 h(n) = 2 + j u ( n) + 2 j + u ( n) 2 2 2 2
1 1 3 j tan 1 2 Since j = e j / 2 and 2+ j = 2 e 2

3 j tan 1 2 1 j n / 2 3 j tan 1 2 1 j n / 2 h(n) = e e u ( n ) + e u ( n) e 2 2 2 2 n 3 1 = 2 cos n tan 1 2 u (n) 2 2 2

1 1 h(n) = 3 2 u (n) cos 2 n tan 2

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