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Concentricity & Coaxiality (GD&T)

This document discusses concentricity and coaxiality, which refer to two or more features sharing a common center or axis. Concentricity is exemplified by a round hole through the center of a cylindrical part, while coaxiality refers to features arranged with parallel axes, such as a counterbored hole. Both terms are represented by the same symbol for geometric tolerancing, which consists of two concentric circles. Methods for measuring concentricity include using indicators with a master gauge or vee-block to check for differences in readings when a part is rotated. Errors in concentricity can result in features that are eccentric, oval, or lobed rather than perfectly circular.

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Kishor kumar Bhatia
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13K views12 pages

Concentricity & Coaxiality (GD&T)

This document discusses concentricity and coaxiality, which refer to two or more features sharing a common center or axis. Concentricity is exemplified by a round hole through the center of a cylindrical part, while coaxiality refers to features arranged with parallel axes, such as a counterbored hole. Both terms are represented by the same symbol for geometric tolerancing, which consists of two concentric circles. Methods for measuring concentricity include using indicators with a master gauge or vee-block to check for differences in readings when a part is rotated. Errors in concentricity can result in features that are eccentric, oval, or lobed rather than perfectly circular.

Uploaded by

Kishor kumar Bhatia
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Concentricity And Coaxiality

Training By

Kishor Bhatia

CONCENTRICITY AND COAXIALITY


Concentricity is a condition in which two or more features, such

as circles, spheres, cylinders, cones, or hexagons, share a common


center or axis.

An example would be a round hole through the center of a cylindrical


part.

Coaxiality is a very similar condition in which two or more

circular or similar features are arranged with their axes in the same straight line.
Examples might be a counter bored hole or a shaft having parts along its
length turned to different diameters.
Both

these terms are often used interchangeably. For geometrical tolerancing the same symbol is used for both conditions.

SYMBOL

The geometric characteristic symbol for both concentricity and coaxiality consists of two concentric circles, having diameters equal to 75% and 50% respectively of the feature control symbol frame height

CONCENTRICITY SYMBOL

CONCENTRICITY TOLERANCING

CONCENTRICITY OF CIRCLES

Diameter A is the Datum Circle Concentricity Tolerance is applied to the outer circle

The Circle with 0.12 Dia. is the tolerance zone

ENLARGED PROFILE OF PART

The datum center is the center of the largest perfect circle, which can be inscribed within the datum feature. The tolerance zone is concentric with this datum center. The center points of the controlled circle are established from the periphery of the feature and their position will be affected by irregularities or errors of form of the periphery. Note : This is illustrated by the enlarged profiles. The center point of diameter A-A is a point a, and the center point of diameter B-B is point b. These and all other center points must lie within the tolerance zone.
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CYLINDRICAL PART WITH CYLINDRICITY TOLERANCE

A common type of part where the outer diameter is required to be concentric with the center bore, which is designated as a datum feature.

MEASURING PRINCIPLE

To fit a suitable mandrel in the datum feature Set two indicators with Master Gages to Zero reading Rotate the mandrel with component in V-block The difference of the reading gives the concentricity

EFFECTS OF ERRORS OF CONCENTRICITY

Figure A theoretical Perfect form

Both indicators read Zero-Zero as the part is revolved

Figure B represents eccentric part


The upper indicator read 0.05 and lower indicator read +0.05 when revolved by 90deg both indicators return to zero
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EFFECTS OF ERRORS OF CONCENTRICITY

Figure C represents a oval part


Both indicators read 0.12 when revolve by 90deg. Both indicators return to zero Figure D represents a three lobed part

The upper indicator reads zero While the lower reads 0.1
(center is high by 0.05) when revolve by 60deg. The upper indicator reads 0.1 and lower one reads zero (center is 0.05 low)
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TWO-FEATURE DATUM

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MEASURING WITH VEE-BLOCK

MEASURING WITH VEE-BLOCK

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CONCENTRICITY REFERENCED TO DATUM SYSTEM

Tolerance zone is perpendicular to datum A and also concentric with the axis of datum B in the plane of datum A The part is mounted on datum A and centered on datum B, and the job is revolved while the controlled feature is contacted by two opposing indicators.

It should be noted that this tolerance automatically controls the


straightness of the centerline of the 25mm portion and its perpendicularity with datum A within the same tolerance.
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