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Lesson 3, Lines

1. A line segment is the shortest curve between two points. The equation of a line is in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. 2. The slope of a line passing through two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is calculated as m = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1). 3. There are four types of lines: horizontal lines with slope 0, vertical lines with undefined slope, lines with positive slope that rise from left to right, and lines with negative slope that fall from left to right.

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26 views

Lesson 3, Lines

1. A line segment is the shortest curve between two points. The equation of a line is in the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. 2. The slope of a line passing through two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is calculated as m = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1). 3. There are four types of lines: horizontal lines with slope 0, vertical lines with undefined slope, lines with positive slope that rise from left to right, and lines with negative slope that fall from left to right.

Uploaded by

adolasoluman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lines

A line segment between two points in the plane is the shortest curve joining these two points. The best way to describe a line is by using its equation. Any linear equation of two variables is a line , so the equation of a line is of the form , and not both of a and b are zero . Example 1 For the line which has the equation the point (1,1) is on the line because it satisfies its equation , but the point (2,7) is not. The slope of a line is a tool used to measure the steepness of the line. The slope of a line passing through the points , denoted by m , is given by

An equation of a line which has slope

and passing through the point

There are many forms of an equation of a line.

Where is the slope and is the intersect the

-intercept , that is, the line will

-axis at the point (0,c) an other form is

Example 2 Find the slope of the line passing through the points ( 2,-1) and (4,5). Solution The slope get the same answer, Example 3 Find an equation of the line has slope 2 and passing through the point (3,7). Solution
An equation is

Note that if we change the order , we will

Example 4
Find an equation of the line passing through the points (-1,5) and (1,1).

Solution
First , we have to find the slope. Then we choose any oneone of

the two points . Let us take the second point, so, an equation is

There are four kind of lines in the plane: 1. Horizontal lines : A horizontal line is a line which have slope zero. It is parallel to the x-axis and its equation is y = c , where c is a constant . 2. Vertical lines: A vertical line is a line parallel to the y- axis . Its slope is undefined and its equation is x = c , where c is a constant . 3. Lines with positive slope . Geometrically , rises from left to right. 4. Lines with negative slope . Geometrically , falls from left to right .

Two non vertical lines will be paralled if and only if they have same slope. Two non- vertical lines will be perpendicular if and only if the product of their slopes equals -1 .

Example
Find an equation of line passing through the point (2,1) and parallel to the line 2y 4x +7 = 0.

Solution
First we have to find the slope. Since the two lines are parallel, then they have same slope. We rewrite the second line in the slope-intercept from to find its slope ,

Thus the slope is 2 and an equation of the required line is

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