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51 views

6 3notes

Uploaded by

api-203341288
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6.

3 Notes
Volcanic landforms

Landforms from lava and ash


When a volcano erupts, the lava, ash and other material can form different landforms. These landforms include:

Shield Volcanoes
Quiet eruptions that slowly pour out thin layers of lava over a course of time Layers keep hardening on each other Lava will gradually build up a gently sloping mountain Ex: Hawaiian Islands

Chapter 6 Volcanoes

Cinder Cone Volcanoes


Ash, cinders, and bombs all built up When they erupt explosively they form a cone-shaped hill

Mt. Paricutin, Mexico

Chapter 6 Volcanoes

Composite Volcanoes
Quiet eruptions alternate with explosive eruptions Form layers of lava and ash They are tall and cone shaped Ex: Mt. Fuji Mt. Shasta

Mt. Fuji

Chapter 6 Volcanoes

Lava Plateaus
Thin runny lava erupts from long cracks in the ground The lava travels and hardens This happens again, only on top of the other hardened lava This keeps happening till it forms a high plateau

Chapter 6 Volcanoes

Calderas
When a volcanic mountain collapses it creates a huge hole The hole is filled with pieces of the volcano that have fallen inward, as well as some lava and ash

Calderas
How calderas are formed 1. Enormous eruption empties the vent and magma chamber and it become hollow 2. With nothing to support it, it collapses inward 3. The crater can fill with water from rain and snow (crater lake is an example)

Chapter 6 Volcanoes

Crater Lake, Oregon

Landforms from magma


Sometimes landforms can be created from magma These include:

Volcanic Necks
Forms when magma hardens in the volcanos pipe It looks like a giant tooth in the ground The soft material corrodes away leaving the hard rock of the volcanic neck

Shiprock, NM

Dikes and Sills


Magma can force and squeeze its way into rock layers When it does this it hardens into a dike When magma squeezes in between horizontal layers of rock, it forms a sill

Dikes and sills

Batholiths
Formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust

Batholiths in Sierra Nevadas

Areas where there are batholiths

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