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Notes 6.6 Pre-Calc Student Notes

The document discusses De Moivre's theorem and nth roots of complex numbers. It defines the trigonometric form of a complex number z as z = r(cosθ + i sinθ) where r is the absolute value and θ is an argument of z. It then states De Moivre's theorem, which says that for a complex number z = r(cosθ + i sinθ) and a positive integer n, zn = rn(cosnθ + i sinnθ). Finally, it notes that the n distinct complex numbers r(cos(θ + 2kπ/n) + i sin(θ + 2kπ/n)) for k = 0 to n-1 are

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73 views

Notes 6.6 Pre-Calc Student Notes

The document discusses De Moivre's theorem and nth roots of complex numbers. It defines the trigonometric form of a complex number z as z = r(cosθ + i sinθ) where r is the absolute value and θ is an argument of z. It then states De Moivre's theorem, which says that for a complex number z = r(cosθ + i sinθ) and a positive integer n, zn = rn(cosnθ + i sinnθ). Finally, it notes that the n distinct complex numbers r(cos(θ + 2kπ/n) + i sin(θ + 2kπ/n)) for k = 0 to n-1 are

Uploaded by

masyuki1979
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Notes pre-calc 6.

De Moivres Theorem and nth Roots The trig form of the complex number z = a + bi is
2 2 z = r (cos + i sin ) where a = r cos , b=r sin ), r = a + b

and

tan =

b . a

The number r is the absolute value or modulus of z, and is an argument of z. Finding trig forms Find the trig form with 0 2

1 3 i
a= b= r= reference angle

3 4i
a= b= r= reference angle

Product and Quotient of Complex Numbers

Let z1 = r1 (cos 1 + i sin 1 )

and z 2 = r2 (cos 2 + i sin 2 )

z1 z2 = r1r2 [(cos 1 + 2 ) + i sin (1 + 2 )] z1 r1 = [(cos 1 2 ) + i sin (1 2 )] , r 0 z2 r2


De Moivres Theorem

Let z = r1 (cos + i sin )

and let n be a positive integer. Then

z n = [ r (cos + i sin )]n = r n (cos n + i sin n )


nth Root A complex number v = a + bi is an nth root of z if vn=z If z = 1, then v is an nth root of unity.

nth Roots of a Complex Number If z = r (cos + i sin ), then the n distinct complex numbers + 2 k + 2 k n r cos + i sin , where k = 0, 1, 2, n-1, are the nth roots of the complex n n number z

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