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2D Drawing

The document discusses 2D graphics programming in OpenGL including drawing primitive types like points, lines, triangles, and polygons. It covers specifying colors and shading models as well as details of line, polygon, and color functionality.

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Budditha Hettige
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81 views

2D Drawing

The document discusses 2D graphics programming in OpenGL including drawing primitive types like points, lines, triangles, and polygons. It covers specifying colors and shading models as well as details of line, polygon, and color functionality.

Uploaded by

Budditha Hettige
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC 307 1.

Graphics Programming

Budditha Hettige Department of Statistics and Computer Science

Graphics Programming

2D Drawing

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Primitive Types
GL_POINTS GL_LINES GL_TRIANGLES GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP GL_QUAD_STRIP GL_LINE_STRIP GL_LINE_LOOP GL_QUADS GL_POLYGON GL_TRIANGLE_FAN
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Points
point is represented by a set of floatingpoint numbers called a vertex
glBegin(GL_POINTS); glVertex2f(0.0, 0.0); glVertex2f(0.0, 3.0); glVertex2f(4.0, 3.0); glVertex2f(6.0, 1.5); glVertex2f(4.0, 0.0); glEnd();

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Lines (GL_LINES)
Pairs of vertices interpreted as individual line segments

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Lines (GL_LINE_STRIP)
Series of connected line segments

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Lines (GL_LINE_LOOP)
Same as GL_LINE_STRIP, with a segment added between last and first vertices

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Line Details
Specify lines with different widths and lines
void glLineWidth(GLfloat width);

Stippled Lines
void glLineStipple(GLint factor, GLushort pattern); glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE);

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Example
glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE); glLineStipple(1, 0x0101); /* dotted */ glLineStipple(1, 0x00FF); /* dashed */ glLineStipple(1, 0x1C47); /* dash/dot/dash */
glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE); glLineStipple(1, 0x0101); glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP); glVertex2f(-0.5, -0.5); glVertex2f(-0.5, 0.5); glVertex2f(0.5, 0.5); glVertex2f(0.5, -0.5); glEnd();
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Triangles (GL_TRIANGLES)
Triples of vertices interpreted as triangles

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OpenGL 2D-Drawing
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glVertex2f(-0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.40f); glVertex2f(-0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(-0.60f,-0.20f); glVertex2f(-0.20f,-0.40f); glVertex2f(-0.20f,-0.40f); glVertex2f(0.0f, -0.80f); glVertex2f(0.20f, -0.40f); glVertex2f(0.20f, -0.40f); glVertex2f(0.60f, -0.20f); glVertex2f(0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(-0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(-0.20f,-0.40f); glVertex2f(0.20f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(-0.20f,-0.40f); glVertex2f(0.20f, -0.40f); glVertex2f(0.20f, 0.0f);

glEnd();
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Triangles (GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP)
Linked strip of triangles

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Triangles (GL_TRIANGLE_FAN)
Linked fan of triangles

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Quad-(GL_QUADS)
Quadruples of vertices interpreted as foursided polygons

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Quads (GL_QUAD_STRIP)
Linked strip of quadrilaterals

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Polygon (GL_POLYGON)
Boundary of a simple, convex polygon

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Polygon Details
Points, Outlines, or Solids
void glPolygonMode(GLenum face, GLenum mode); Face
GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FRONT, or GL_BACK

Mode
GL_POINT, GL_LINE, or GL_FILL

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Stippling Polygons
filled polygons are drawn with a solid pattern
void glPolygonStipple(const GLubyte *mask);

Example
Polygons.cpp
glEnable(GL_POLYGON_STIPPLE); glPolygonStipple(fly); glRectf(125.0, 25.0, 225.0, 125.0); GLubyte fly[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,... };

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OpenGL 2D-Drawing
void display(void) { glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f (1.0, 0.0, 0.0); // red glBegin(GL_POLYGON); glVertex2f(-0.20f, 0.50f); glVertex2f(0.20f, 0.50f); glVertex2f(0.50f, 0.20f); glVertex2f(0.50f, -0.20f); glColor3f (0.0, 0.0, 1.0); // blue glVertex2f(0.20f, -0.50f); glVertex2f(-0.20f, -0.50f); glVertex2f(-0.50f, -0.20f); glVertex2f(-0.50f, 0.20f); glEnd(); glFlush (); }
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RGB Color Space


G
Green (1,0,0)

Cyan (0,1,1)
Image: Pixel maps to color

White (1,1,1)

Yellow (1,1,0)

Blue (0,0,1)

Blk Magenta (1,0,1)

Red (1,0,0)

B
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Common Composite Colors

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Colors
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
The current RGB color is red: full red, no green, no blue. RGB Display Modes

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Specifying a Color and a Shading Model


RGBA mode, use the glColor*() command to select a current color.
void glColor3{b s i f d ub us ui}(TYPE r, TYPE g, TYPE b); void glColor4{b s i f d ub us ui}(TYPE r, TYPE g, TYPE b, TYPE a); void glColor3{b s i f d ub us ui}v(const TYPE *v); void glColor4{b s i f d ub us ui}v(const TYPE *v);

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Specifying a Shading Model


single color (flat shading) many different colors (smooth shading, also called Gouraud shading) void glShadeModel(GLenum mode);
GL_SMOOTH (the default) or GL_FLAT. glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);

Example:
Shading.cpp

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