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1.2 Base Derived Quantities

This document discusses physical and derived quantities in physics. It defines physical quantities as measurable attributes and divides them into base and derived quantities. Base quantities like length, mass and time cannot be defined by other quantities, while derived quantities are defined in terms of base quantities, such as density being mass per unit volume. Prefixes are provided for units and examples are given of converting between units and deriving the units of various physical quantities.

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334 views

1.2 Base Derived Quantities

This document discusses physical and derived quantities in physics. It defines physical quantities as measurable attributes and divides them into base and derived quantities. Base quantities like length, mass and time cannot be defined by other quantities, while derived quantities are defined in terms of base quantities, such as density being mass per unit volume. Prefixes are provided for units and examples are given of converting between units and deriving the units of various physical quantities.

Uploaded by

cgharyati
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1 Introduction To Physics

1.2 Base & Derived Quantities

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Learning Outcomes

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PHYSICAL QUANTITY
Hehehe. Can u guess what is my height?

Wow! Is this real??!

Weight

Mass
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Time

PHYSICAL QUANTITY
The quantity that can be measured Measurable : The process of determining the value of a quantity using a scientific instrument with a standard scale Example: Mass, weight, height, time, temperature
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Length of meter ruler = 100.0 cm Which is 1. Physical quantity? 2. Numerical value? 3. Unit of measurement?
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Non-physical Quantity

The quantity that cannot be measured. Example: Feelings-happy , sad , angry .


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Physical Quantities

Base Quantities

Derived Quantities

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Base Quantity Physical quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other physical quantities Length, Mass, Time, Temperature, Electric Current

Derived Quantity Physical quantities derived from base quantities by multiplication or division or both Density, Pressure, Force.

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Base Quantities
Physical quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other physical quantities. Unit : base unit Name & Symbol Length / l Mass / m Time / t Temperature / T Electric Current / I S.I. Unit & Symbol meter / m kilogram / kg second / s kelvin / K ampere / A

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Derived Quantities
Physical quantities derived from base quantity (multiplication or division or both) Unit : Derived Unit Name & Symbol Velocity / v S.I. Unit & Symbol
meter per second / ms-1 Newton / N

Force / F Pressure / P Weight / W


Density /

Pascal / Pa Newton / N
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kg m-3

DERIVED QUANTITIES

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(a) Show the relationship between the following derived quantities and their corresponding base quantities.

(b) Derive the units for the following physical quantities

Density = mass / volume = mass / (length)3 = kg m-3


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Prefix Tera Giga Mega Kilo Hecto Deca Deci Centi Milli Micro Nano pico

Symbol T G M k h da d cm m n p

Value 1012 109 106 103 102 101 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12

4amanah 10jan until here Ask them to memorise prefixes follow text book Ask to collect rm1 by next week 30 students

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Changing Unit

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10(A) -(B)
A = initial prefix B = final prefix

Prefix

Value

1.23 m = _____ km

10-6-(3) =10-9
1.23 m

= 1.23 x 10-6-(3) km
= 1.23 x 10-9 km
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Tera / T 1012 Giga / G 109 Mega / M 106 Kilo / k 103 Hecto / h 102 Deca /da 101 Deci / d 10-1 Centi/cm 10-2 Milli / m 10-3 Micro / 10-6 Nano / n 10-9 Pico / p 10-12

Prefix

Value

Tera / T 1012 4.56 Mg = _____ ng Giga / G 109 Mega / M 106 Kilo / k 103 106-(-9)= 1015 Hecto / h 102 Deca /da 101 4.56 Mg Deci / d 10-1 = 4.56 x 106-(-9) Centi/cm 10-2 Milli / m 10-3 = 4.56 x 1015 ng Micro / 10-6 Nano / n 10-9 Pico / p 10-12 www.myfunphysicsworld.blogspot.com

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Change to S.I. Unit


456 g/cm3 = 456 g cm3 = 456 x 10-3 kg 1 x (10-2 m)3 = 456 x 10-3 kg 1 x 10-6 m3

=456 x 10-3 x 106 kg m-3 = 456 x 103 kg m-3 = 4.56 x 105 kg m-3

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Exercise 1
January 2011

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For the following physical quantities, derive their i) base quantities ii) units

(a) Velocity
(b) Acceleration

(c) Force
(d) Work

(e) Density
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Derived Quantities a)Velocity b) Acceleration

Base Quantities displacement/time = length/time

Units m/s

c) Force d) Work e) Density


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(a) Velocity

= displacement/time = length/time = m/s = m s-1

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(b) Acceleration
= Change in Velocity time = length (time)2 = m/s2 = m s-2
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(c) Force
= mass x acceleration = mass x length (time)2 = kg m s-2 = Newton =N
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(d) Work
= Force x Displacement = mass x acceleration x length = mass x length x length (time)2 = kg m2 s-2 = Nm = J
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e) Density
= mass volume = mass (length)3 = kg m-3

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Derived Quantities a)Velocity b) Acceleration

Base Quantities displacement/time = length/time Change in Velocity/time = length/(time)2 Mass x acceleration = (mass)(length) (time)2 Force x displacement =
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Units m/s m/s-2

c) Force

d) Work

Show the relationship between the following derived quantities and their corresponding base quantities. (a) acceleration (b) momentum
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