Khao Sat
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go_getter611Khao Sat
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go_getter611Chuyn 1
Cu hi ph kho st hm s
Bin son: ThS Trn Vit Anh, in thoi: 0947906720
Dng bi 1.
Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi th ca hm s bit rng tip tuyn
ct hai ng thng d1 v d2 ti hai im A v B v tam gic ABC c tnh cht
no , vi C l mt im cho trc.
2x 3
V d 1.1. Cho hm s y =
.
x2
a) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi th (C) ti tip im M bit rng
4
tip tuyn ct hai ng tim cn ca (C) ti A, B sao cho cos ABI =
17
vi I l giao im ca hai ng tim cn. Bit rng A nm trn ng tim
cn ng v B nm trn ng tim cn ngang.
Li gii.
a) Bn c t gii.
b) Gi s M (a, b) l im thuc
tuyn ca th (C) ti M l
th C (a 6= 2). Khi phng trnh tip
y = y 0 (a)(x a) + b
2a 3
1
=
(x a) +
.
2
(a 2)
a2
Ta thy tim cn ng ca th hm s c phng trnh x = 2 v tim cn
ngang ca th hm s c phng trnh y = 2. Gi s A(xA , yA ), B(xB , yB ).
V A nm trn ng tim cn ng v B nm trn ng tim cn ngang
nn ta c xA = 2 v yB = 2. Ngoi ra v A, B thuc tip tuyn nn ta ca
A, B tha mn phng trnh tip tuyn, tc l
yA =
v
yB =
2a 3
1
(xA a) +
2
(a 2)
a2
1
2a 3
(xB a) +
.
2
(a 2)
a2
1
Do
1
2a 3
(xA a) +
2
(a 2)
a2
1
2a 3
=
(2 a) +
2
(a 2)
a2
1
2a 3
=
+
a2
a2
2a 2
=
a2
2
=2+
.
a2
2a 3
1
(xB a) +
, ta c
yB =
2
(a 2)
a2
yA =
Thay yB = 2 vo
2=
Do
Hay
1
2a 3
(x
a)
+
.
B
(a 2)2
a2
2a 3
1
(xB a) =
2.
2
(a 2)
a2
1
1
(xB a) =
.
2
(a 2)
a2
Vy xB a = a 2 hay xB = 2a 2.
2
), B(2a 2; 2), I(2; 2).
T cc chng minh trn ta thy A(2; 2 +
a2
1
1
17
Vn dng cng thc 1 + tan2 = 2 , ta c 1 + tan2 ABI = 2
=
cos
cos ABI
16
IA
1
2
hay tan ABI = . M tam gic AIB vung I nn tan ABI = . Suy ra
16
IB
IB 2 = 16IA2 hay
(2a 2 2)2 + (2 2)2 = 16[(2 2)2 + (2 +
2
2)2 ].
a2
Phng trnh ny tng ng vi
4(a 2)2 =
64
.
(a 2)2
Do (a 2)4 = 16, hay a 2 = 2 hoc a 2 = 2. T ta tm c a = 4
hoc a = 0.
1
2a 3
Vi a = 4, thay vo phng trnh ca tip tuyn l y =
(x a) +
2
(a 2)
a2
1
4
7
2
ta c y = x + .
Vi a = 0, thay vo phng trnh ca tip tuyn l y =
1
1
2a 3
(x a) +
2
(a 2)
a2
ta c y = x + .
4
2
Vy c hai tip tuyn tha mn bi l hai tip tuyn c phng trnh
1
7
1
3
y = x + v y = x + .
4
