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Problem Gao

The document discusses figures of merit and how they are used to select appropriate analytical instruments for problems. It then provides an example of using the figure of merit method to determine the concentration of an unknown copper solution. Specifically, it shows the calculations to find that the concentration of the unknown Cu2+ solution was 9 × 10-4 M. It also describes using a fluorescence technique and calibration curve to determine that the concentration of an unknown solution was 0.41 μg/ml.

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m.a.saeed
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30 views

Problem Gao

The document discusses figures of merit and how they are used to select appropriate analytical instruments for problems. It then provides an example of using the figure of merit method to determine the concentration of an unknown copper solution. Specifically, it shows the calculations to find that the concentration of the unknown Cu2+ solution was 9 × 10-4 M. It also describes using a fluorescence technique and calibration curve to determine that the concentration of an unknown solution was 0.41 μg/ml.

Uploaded by

m.a.saeed
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC or read online on Scribd
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1-8.

Figure of Merit:

The characteristics, expressed in numerical terms, permit us to narrow the choice of


instruments for a given analytical problem are called figure of merit. On the basis of
figure of merit one can decide whether a given instrumental method is suitable to
solve an analytical problem.

1-9.

Here,

Volume of unknown Cu2+ solution, Vunk = 25.0 ml

Signal of unknown Cu2+ solution, Aunk = 23.6 unit

Volume of standard Cu2+ solution, Vstd = 0.500 ml

Concentration of standard Cu2+ solution, Cstd = 0.0287 M

Signal of unknown + standard Cu2+ solution, Aunk+std = 37.9 unit

We know,

C std Vstd

Cunk =

A unk+std
(Vstd + Vunk) -
AVunk
unk

0.0287 × 0.500

Cunk =

37.9
(0.500 + 25.0) -
23.6
25.0
= 9 × 10-4 M

So the concentration of unknown Cu2+ solution was 9 × 10-4 M.


1-11. (a) The plot of the data (after dilution) is given bellow.

12

10 Concentrat Fluorescenc
ion e
8
(µg/ml) (Unit)
x y
fluorescence

0.000 3.26
6
0.020 4.80
0.040 6.41
4
0.060 8.02
0.080 9.56
2

0
-0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10

Concentration (µg/ml)
Col 1 vs Col 2
Plot 1 Regr

b) From the graph the concentration of the unknown (after dilution) is 0.041 µg/ml.
So the concentration of the of the unknown is 0.041 µg/ml. × 50.00ml/5.00ml
=0.41 µg/ml.

C) Driving the least-square equation for the data:


Lets take the equation is y = mX + b, where

∑ x i ∑ yi
∑ xiyi –
N ∑ yi
m= ∑ xi
(∑ x i)2 b= - m
2
∑ xi - N
N N

Computing the values we get

m = 79.1 b = 3.246

so, the equation is y = 79.1 x + 3.246


d) when y = 0 then x = - 0.041

From the graph concentration after dilution is 0.041 µg/ml

So the concentration of the solution was 0.41 µg/ml

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