strstr

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

strstr — Encuentra la primera ocurrencia en un string

Descripción

strstr(string $haystack, string $needle, bool $before_needle = false): string|false

Devuelve una subcadena de haystack, desde la primera ocurrencia de needle (incluida) hasta el final del string.

Nota:
strstr() es sensible a mayúsculas y minúsculas. Para una funcionalidad idéntica, pero insensible a mayúsculas y minúsculas, consulte stristr().

Nota:
Si el objetivo es únicamente determinar si un cierto valor de needle se encuentra en haystack, la función str_contains() que es más rápida y menos exigente en memoria debería ser utilizada en su lugar.

Parámetros

haystack

El string de entrada.

needle

El string a buscar.

Anterior a PHP 8.0.0, si needle no es una cadena de caracteres, se convierte en un entero y se aplica como valor ordinal de un carácter. Este comportamiento está obsoleto a partir de PHP 7.3.0, y confiar en él está fuertemente desaconsejado. Dependiendo del comportamiento esperado, needle debe ser explícitamente convertido a una cadena de caracteres, o debe realizarse una llamada explícita a chr().

before_needle

Si es true, strstr() devuelve la parte de haystack antes de la primera ocurrencia de needle (needle excluido).

Valores devueltos

Devuelve la porción del string, o false si needle no es encontrado.

Historial de cambios

Versión	Descripción
8.0.0	`needle` acepta ahora una cadena vacía.
8.0.0	Pasar un entero como `needle` ya no es soportado.
7.3.0	Pasar un entero como `before_needle` ha sido declarado obsoleto.

Ejemplos

Ejemplo #1 Ejemplo con strstr()

<?php
$email  = '[email protected]';
$domain = strstr($email, '@');
echo $domain, PHP_EOL; // Muestra: @example.com

$user = strstr($email, '@', true);
echo $user, PHP_EOL; // Muestra: name
?>

Ver también

stristr() - Versión insensible a mayúsculas y minúsculas de strstr
strrchr() - Encuentra la última ocurrencia de un carácter en un string
strpos() - Busca la posición de la primera ocurrencia en un string
strpbrk() - Busca un conjunto de caracteres en un string
preg_match() - Realiza una búsqueda de coincidencia con una expresión regular estándar

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User Contributed Notes 9 notes

down

laszlo dot heredy at gmail dot com ¶

11 years ago

strstr() is not a way to avoid type-checking with strpos().

If $needle is the last character in $haystack, and testing $needle as a boolean by itself would evaluate to false, then testing strstr() as a boolean will evaluate to false (because, if successful, strstr() returns the first occurrence of $needle along with the rest of $haystack).

<?php
findZero('01234');  // found a zero
findZero('43210');  // did not find a zero
findZero('0');      // did not find a zero
findZero('00');     // found a zero
findZero('000');    // found a zero
findZero('10');     // did not find a zero
findZero('100');    // found a zero

function findZero($numberString) {
    if (strstr($numberString, '0')) {
        echo 'found a zero';
    } else {
        echo 'did not find a zero';
    }
}
?>

Also, strstr() is far more memory-intensive than strpos(), especially with longer strings as your $haystack, so if you are not interested in the substring that strstr() returns, you shouldn't be using it anyway. 

There is no PHP function just to check only _if_ $needle occurs in $haystack; strpos() tells you if it _doesn't_ by returning false, but, if it does occur, it tells you _where_ it occurs as an integer, which is 0 (zero) if $needle is the first part of $haystack, which is why testing if (strpos($needle, $haystack)===false) is the only way to know for sure if $needle is not part of $haystack.

My advice is to start loving type checking immediately, and to familiarize yourself with the return value of the functions you are using.

Cheers.

down

Julian Egelstaff ¶

2 years ago

Lookout for logic inversion in old code!



In PHP 8, if the needle is an empty string, this function will return 0 (not false), implying the first character of the string matches the needle. Before PHP 8, it would return false when the needle is an empty string.



There other string functions that are affected by similar issues in PHP 8: strpos(), strrpos(), stripos(), strripos(), strchr(), strrchr(), stristr(), and this function, strstr()



If you are checking if the return value === false then you will be misled by this new behaviour. You also need to check if the needle was an empty string. Basically, something like this:



<?php

$result = $needle ? strstr($haystack, $needle) : false;

?>

down

Gevorg Melkumyan ¶

4 years ago

Don't confuse this function with strtr ) I lost like 1 hour on that

down

xslidian at lidian dot info ¶

12 years ago

For those in need of the last occurrence of a string:

<?php
function strrstr($h, $n, $before = false) {
    $rpos = strrpos($h, $n);
    if($rpos === false) return false;
    if($before == false) return substr($h, $rpos);
    else return substr($h, 0, $rpos);
}
?>

down

gruessle at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago

Been using this for years:

<?php
/**
*
* @author : Dennis T Kaplan
*
* @version : 1.0
* Date : June 17, 2007
* Function : reverse strstr()
* Purpose : Returns part of haystack string from start to the first occurrence of needle
* $haystack = 'this/that/whatever';
* $result = rstrstr($haystack, '/')
* $result == this
*
* @access public
* @param string $haystack, string $needle
* @return string
**/

function rstrstr($haystack,$needle)
    {
        return substr($haystack, 0,strpos($haystack, $needle));
    }
?>

You could change it to:
rstrstr ( string $haystack , mixed $needle [, int $start] )
<?php

function rstrstr($haystack,$needle, $start=0)
    {
        return substr($haystack, $start,strpos($haystack, $needle));
    }

?>

down

w3b_monk3y at yahoo dot com ¶

16 years ago

If you want to emulate strstr's new before_needle parameter pre 5.3 strtok is faster than using strpos to find the needle and cutting with substr. The amount of difference varies with string size but strtok is always faster.

down

brett dot jr dot alton at gmail dot com ¶

17 years ago

For the needle_before (first occurance) parameter when using PHP 5.x or less, try:

<?php
$haystack = 'php-homepage-20071125.png';
$needle = '-';
$result = substr($haystack, 0, strpos($haystack, $needle)); // $result = php
?>

down

Anonymous ¶

2 months ago

If you are only trying to detect the presence of $needle within $haystack, consider using strpos() instead. It is faster/more efficient for that specific purpose.

down

-3

trent dot renshaw at objectst dot com dot au ¶

10 years ago

> root at mantoru dot de

PHP makes this easy for you. When working with domain portion of email addresses, simply pass the return of strstr() to substr() and start at 1:

substr(strstr($haystack, '@'), 1);

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