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metaphone

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

metaphoneCalcula la clave metaphone

Descripción

metaphone(string $string, int $max_phonemes = 0): string

Calcula la clave metaphone de string.

metaphone() es similar a la función soundex(): crea una clave similar para palabras cuya pronunciación es cercana. Es una función más precisa que soundex() ya que tiene en cuenta la pronunciación inglesa. La clave metaphone generada es de tamaño variable.

Metaphone fue desarrollado por Lawrence Philips <lphilips at verity dot com>. Este método está descrito en el libro ["Practical Algorithms for Programmers", Binstock & Rex, Addison Wesley, 1995].

Parámetros

string

La cadena de entrada.

max_phonemes

Este parámetro restringe la clave metaphone devuelta a una longitud de max_phonemes caracteres. Sin embargo, los fonemas resultantes siempre se transcriben completamente, por lo que la longitud de la cadena resultante puede ser ligeramente más larga que max_phonemes. El valor por omisión es 0, lo que significa que no se aplicará ninguna limitación.

Valores devueltos

Devuelve la clave metaphone, en forma de chaîne de caractères.

Historial de cambios

Versión Descripción
8.0.0 Esta función devolvía false en caso de error.

Ejemplos

Ejemplo #1 Ejemplo con metaphone()

<?php
var_dump
(metaphone('programming'));
var_dump(metaphone('programmer'));
?>

El resultado del ejemplo sería:

string(7) "PRKRMNK"
string(6) "PRKRMR"

Ejemplo #2 Utilización del parámetro max_phonemes

<?php
var_dump
(metaphone('programming', 5));
var_dump(metaphone('programmer', 5));
?>

El resultado del ejemplo sería:

string(5) "PRKRM"
string(5) "PRKRM"

Ejemplo #3 Utilizando el parámetro max_phonemes

En este ejemplo, metaphone() está configurado para producir una cadena de cinco caracteres, pero esto requeriría dividir el fonema final ('x' se supone que se transcribe como 'KS'), por lo que la función devuelve una cadena de seis caracteres.

<?php
var_dump
(metaphone('Asterix', 5));
?>

El resultado del ejemplo sería:

string(6) "ASTRKS"

add a note

User Contributed Notes 4 notes

up
69
mail at spam-off dot iaindooley dot com
21 years ago
you can use the metaphone function quite effectively with phrases by taking the levenshtein distances between two metaphone codes, and then taking this as a percentage of the length of the original metaphone code. thus you can define a percentage error, (say 20%) and accept only matches that are closer than that. i've found this works quite effectively in a function i am using on my website where an album name that the user entered is verified against existing album names that may be similar. this is also an excellent way of people being able to vaguely remember a phrase and get several suggestions out of the database. so you could type "i stiched nine times" with an error percentage of, say, 50 and still get 'a stitch in time saves nine' back as a match.
up
23
Vipindas K.S
17 years ago
metaphone
=======================
The metaphone() function can be used for spelling applications.This function returns the metaphone key of the string on success, or FALSE on failure.Its main use is when you are searching a genealogy database. check to see if a metaphone search is offered. It is also useful in making/searching family tree.
Given below is a simple code that calculates and compares two strings to find whether its metaphone codes are equivalent.

html code
==========
<html>
<body>
<form action="test.php" name="test" method="get">
Name1:<input type="text" name="name1" /><br />
Name2:<input type="text" name="name2" /><br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="compare" />
</form>

<!--php code begins here -->

<?php
if(isset($_GET['submit']))
{
$str1 = $_GET['name1'];
$str2 = $_GET['name2'];
$meta_one=metaphone($str1);
$meta_two=metaphone($str2);
echo
"metaphone code for ".$str1." is ". $meta_one;
echo
"<br />";
echo
"metaphone code for ".$str2." is ". $meta_two."<br>";
if(
$meta_one==$meta_two)
{
echo
"metaphone codes are matching";
}
else
{
echo
"metaphone codes are not matching";
}
}
?>

</body>
</html>

Metaphone algorithm was developed by Lawrence Philips.

Lawrence Philips' RULES follow:

The 16 consonant sounds:
|--- ZERO represents "th"
|
B X S K J T F H L M N P R 0 W Y

Exceptions:

Beginning of word: "ae-", "gn", "kn-", "pn-", "wr-" ----> drop first letter
"Aebersold", "Gnagy", "Knuth", "Pniewski", "Wright"

Beginning of word: "x" ----> change to "s"
as in "Deng Xiaopeng"

Beginning of word: "wh-" ----> change to "w"
as in "Whalen"

Transformations:

B ----> B unless at the end of word after "m", as in "dumb", "McComb"

C ----> X (sh) if "-cia-" or "-ch-"
S if "-ci-", "-ce-", or "-cy-"
SILENT if "-sci-", "-sce-", or "-scy-"
K otherwise, including in "-sch-"

D ----> J if in "-dge-", "-dgy-", or "-dgi-"
T otherwise

F ----> F

G ----> SILENT if in "-gh-" and not at end or before a vowel
in "-gn" or "-gned"
in "-dge-" etc., as in above rule
J if before "i", or "e", or "y" if not double "gg"
K otherwise

H ----> SILENT if after vowel and no vowel follows
or after "-ch-", "-sh-", "-ph-", "-th-", "-gh-"
H otherwise

J ----> J

K ----> SILENT if after "c"
K otherwise

L ----> L

M ----> M

N ----> N

P ----> F if before "h"
P otherwise

Q ----> K

R ----> R

S ----> X (sh) if before "h" or in "-sio-" or "-sia-"
S otherwise

T ----> X (sh) if "-tia-" or "-tio-"
0 (th) if before "h"
silent if in "-tch-"
T otherwise

V ----> F

W ----> SILENT if not followed by a vowel
W if followed by a vowel

X ----> KS

Y ----> SILENT if not followed by a vowel
Y if followed by a vowel

Z ----> S
up
10
Ray.Paseur often uses Gmail
12 years ago
Metaphone() apparently ignores non-English characters. Comparing Plaçe TO Place yields "PL" and "PLS." A similar result comes from soundex().
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