Kaneshwaran Govindasamy’s Post

ISAC is being standardized in 3GPP Release 19. This release focuses on the initial steps of ISAC standardization, including use cases, requirements, channel modeling. While Release 19 lays the foundation for ISAC, further advancements and detailed specifications are expected in subsequent releases, such as Release 20 and beyond. These future releases will likely delve deeper into specific technologies, protocols, system designs to fully realize the potential of ISAC in #6G #networks ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Given the potential benefits of ISAC in enhancing both communication and sensing capabilities in future 6G networks, what are the key challenges & technical hurdles that need to be addressed to ensure its successful implementation & widespread adoption? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is gaining widespread attention as a crucial technology for future wireless systems. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has regarded ISAC as one of the key potential technologies for the hashtag #6G mobile communication systems. Future 6G networks are expected to utilize wide-bandwidth radio signals, large-scale antenna arrays, and multiple network nodes to offer efficient sensing capabilities including detection, localization, tracking, activity recognition, and environmental reconstruction, which brings the ultimate vision of the interconnected, intelligent, & perceptive world into reality. Moreover, in future 6G wireless networks, ISAC will support higher data rates, enhanced communication reliability, and improved network coverage. ISAC provides substantial gains by combining communication and sensing functions into a unified framework. This integration results in increased spectrum and hardware utilization efficiency, collectively known as integration gain. More importantly, coordination gain is achieved through the mutual assistance of communication & sensing, enhancing overall system performance. ISAC allows the communication system to serve as a sensor, utilizing radio wave transmission, reflection, and scattering to perceive and understand the physical environment, thereby offering a broader range of new services. Additionally, high-precision localization, imaging, and environmental reconstruction can significantly improve communication performance by enabling more accurate predictive beamforming, faster link recovery, and reduced overhead for tracking channel state information (CSI). 💟 To gain monthly insights on #technology & #innovations, subscribe to #global5gevolution newsletter (https://lnkd.in/ge9gsyjE) & tune in for the latest edition on “5G-Advanced” 💟 Or subscribe to #global5gevolution YouTube channel (https://lnkd.in/g8M7YvKq) & tune in for the latest episode “Cyber Space Robotic 5G”; click comment box 💟 Follow us on Kaneshwaran Govindasamy & Global 5G Evolution

🌐 ISAC: Revolutionizing Telecommunications for the 6G Era 🚀 Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is set to redefine #cellular networks by combining communication with precise sensing, positioning, and tracking capabilities. As the #telecom industry moves closer to the 6G and IMT-2030 vision, ISAC offers transformative possibilities. Key highlights: - Enhanced use cases in #publicsafety, health monitoring, and autonomous systems - Advanced technologies like #mMIMO, #artificialintelligence and #machinelearning, and innovative waveforms driving ISAC adoption - Standardization efforts by 3GPP and ETSI paving the way for global alignment Curious about the future of ISAC and its potential to create new revenue streams? Explore the full article: https://lnkd.in/eEtQ3rgG #Telecommunications #6G #telcos #FutureNetworks

Successful demonstration of quantum communication technology, specifically Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), over traditional optical network infrastructure. This enables secure, quantum-safe communication over DWDM connections. https://lnkd.in/dq9n7uVs

Precise timing and synchronisation are crucial in modern telecom operations. As networks grow more complex and the need for seamless connectivity increases, advanced timing technologies ensure reliability and efficiency. Traditionally, telecom networks used Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) for synchronisation, which embedded a reliable timing source within the network. However, the shift to packet-switched networks introduced new synchronization challenges. To overcome these challenges, the Precision Time Protocol (PTP), defined by the IEEE 1588 standard, has become essential. PTP enables highly accurate time synchronization across packet-switched networks by exchanging timing information between devices, achieving sub-microsecond accuracy. This precision is vital for maintaining the performance of critical applications and services. #telecomnetworks #telecomoperators #connectivity

New Multicast Broadcast 2 Everything (B2X) is emerging aligned 3GPP 5G System Architecture Principles. OFDMA was chosen for B2X due to the robustness to time dispersion of signal and ease of exploiting scalability in time and frequency domains by defining different B2X channels and signals. B2X splits physical layer bandwidth into physical resource blocks (PRB), consisting of 24 sub-carriers, 3000 Hz spacing resulting in PRB size 72,000 Hz in frequency domain. The scheduler allocates resources for content data in units # PRB independent of channel bandwidth 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24, 30, 40, 50 MHz. Then multiple services # PRB are transmitted to multiple receivers UE at same time on same OFDM symbol bandwidth. This improves network efficiency, latency, and battery life receivers (UE) and enables sharing of spectrum multiple BVNO, others by introducing Virtual Bandwidth Parts (VBP) made of # PRB.  Top of Figure shows B2X battery powered UE with APPs that can be scheduled from (1-328) PRB used in Broadcast and IMT bands. This design is only new non-3GPP B2X Multicast Broadcast and is similar to 3GPP LTE with 15000 Hz sub-carrier spacing and UE scheduled units of # PRB (180,000 Hz) up to RF carrier of 20 MHz. LTE is deployed globally, one future goal B2X is to bring 5G/6G interworking as non-3GPP RAT in future. The 5G NR supports OFDMA but uses multiple sub-carrier spacing numerology to support millimeter-wave frequencies. Therefore, the comparison of LTE with a single numerology 15000 Hz sub-carrier spacing is made to B2X 3000 Hz sub-carrier spacing. Bottom of Figure shows B2X Reduced Capability Services UE with reduced FFT sizes to extend battery savings required for these types of UE. #B2X #5G #6G #OFDMA #Cloud

What is reason for DL throughput are not coming in LTE? There are several reasons why downlink (DL) throughput might not be optimal in LTE networks. Some common factors include: 1. **Signal Quality (SINR/RSRP/RSRQ):** Poor signal quality can significantly impact throughput. Low signal strength (RSRP) or poor signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) can result in low data rates. 2. **Congestion and Network Load:** High traffic and congestion in a cell can reduce the available resources for each user, leading to lower throughput. 3. **Interference:** Interference from neighboring cells, other network technologies, or environmental factors can degrade the DL throughput by causing errors and retransmissions. 4. **Radio Resource Management (RRM):** Poor resource allocation, such as inefficient scheduling of physical resource blocks (PRBs), can cause low throughput. 5. **Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS):** The modulation scheme selected by the network based on signal conditions (QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM) impacts throughput. Poor signal quality leads to lower-order modulation schemes, reducing throughput. 6. **Backhaul Capacity:** The backhaul connecting the cell to the core network may be congested or limited, affecting the overall throughput. 7. **Equipment Limitations:** The user's device (UE) or base station (eNodeB) hardware might have limitations in handling higher throughput. 8. **Transmission Mode:** The transmission mode (e.g., single-input, single-output (SISO) vs. multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO)) affects the speed. MIMO configurations typically provide higher throughput. 9. **Carrier Aggregation:** Not using carrier aggregation (CA) or using fewer component carriers can limit available bandwidth and, therefore, reduce throughput.

➡️ Objective-focused dual connectivity networks are paving the way for data-driven prioritization of 5G NSA frequency bands! 📡✨ Leveraging machine learning can dynamically adjust the priority of 5G NR frequency bands to overcome the limitations of static definitions. This approach balances enhanced user satisfaction with signaling costs, making 5G NSA an effective intermediate step between LTE and standalone 5G. 🌐🔄 Combining user experience with data-driven insights not only supports technology leadership but also optimizes network performance. Imagine achieving higher throughput, longer 5G session durations, and fewer switchovers between LTE and NR – all tailored to different times of the day based on network behavior and performance. 🕒📊 As the future moves towards zero-touch automation and self-sufficiency, intelligent solutions will drive networks towards optimal performance. Embracing the potential of machine learning makes 5G transitions seamless and efficient. 👉 Ericsson #️⃣ #Ericsson #5G #ML #MachineLearning #TelecomInnovation #NetworkOptimization #FutureTech #DataDriven #Deployment #Technology #Innovation #PowerControl #RLinTelecom #TeamEricsson

Unlock the Power of 5G with Dr. Spiros Louvros! Join Dr. Spiros Louvros for an illuminating 5-day exploration of 5G technology. Discover how 5G is revolutionizing the mobile industry and transforming our world. From AI-driven cars to telemedicine, explore the myriad applications of 5G and its impact on society. Gain insights into the evolution from LTE to 5G, including core network enhancements, network slicing, and SDN functionality. This course provides a step-by-step guide to understanding 5G architectures, spectrum enhancements, and advanced technologies like massive MIMO and mmWave communications. Prior knowledge of LTE RAN and EPS/EPC is recommended to fully grasp the content. Don't miss this opportunity to stay ahead in the digital era—enroll now and unlock the potential of 5G! https://lnkd.in/dUbS29KD #5G

5G SON | Automatic Neighbor Relations | ANR --------------------------------------------------- One of the first SON solutions introduced in the standards was Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR), to automatically generate neighbor relations  between Base Station Cells. These relations are used to establish connections Base Station Cells to support mobility, load balancing, dual connectivity, etc. With 4G deployments, we have seen ANR significantly reduced the planning and operation costs for operators. Therefore, 3GPP considered automatic establishment of neighbor relations also very important in 5G NR . In this blog post we will discuss the basics of ANR with respect to 5G NR. #5g #5gSON #SelfOrganizingNetworks #rfoptimization #6g #6gteraherz https://lnkd.in/dYWQgNJq

To facilitate for those interested in B5G & 6G Networks New Services, I intend to share on LinkedIn an inforgaphic presenting some of the 1st 6G New Services as part of the Standard specified by 3GPP initial 6G Release(s), namely, some of the 3GPP  Rel-20 specifications. The infographic shall present the 3GPP preliminary Standard specified for 5G Advanced Release (Rel-19) newly introduced NF EECF (Energy Efficiency Control Function) for (enablement of) "Centralized Collection & Uniform handling for Energy Consumption related Information" in the Network, (as e.g. already specified for RAN, VAL Automation UCs at Application Enablement Layer , EDGE, AI ML Model Training, Split Transfer on the 5G Network Endpoints, as already specified by 3GPP for 5G Rel-18 & 5G Rel-19) that had evolved to be utilized in the 3GPP Rel-20, to enable "Dynamic Service Adjustment based on the experienced QoS Data Flows" for the New Services in B5G & 6G Networks assuring Performance & User Experience Guarantees. For those, with insights & experience from 3GPP early 3GPP Rel-99 UMTS (3G) & onwards & specified Network topologies, as you will notice, the EECF Feature Functionality evolvement is based on the current PLMN Network Topology…while the B5G & 6G Networks are envisioned with a designed to have a fundamentally different type of topology…as you probably would notice from the infographic…coming in couple of days…P.S. Be notified that I will use the 3GPP 6G Official Logo as a result of the 3GPP written approval from April 2024 to my Application (more than 600 pages) to use the 3GPP approved 6G Official Logo on my Presentations on 3GPP 6G Specifications. P.S. The 3GPP 6G Logo approval shall not be deemed &/or regarded as a 3GPP 6G Certification. D.S.