One more day until 600+ of the brightest young scientists and some 40 Nobel Laureates meet in Lindau. To sweeten the waiting time, here's another data insight.
This time we look at migration/movement of Nobel Laureates. It is a complex topic, escpecially if you consider the time dimension and reasons for movement....too much complexity for one graph :-) But we will check where a laureate was born (ContinentOfBirth), where he/she lived when the prize was awarded (ContinentOfOrganisation), and where he/she died (ContinentOfDeath).
We have to be careful with the data thsi time, a) because of the "none" categories, and b) because we don't know the individual reasons; but we can look at things on an aggregate level. Regarding the "Nones": The "none" category for CountryOfDeath in most cases simply means that a person is still alive. The same category in "CountryOfOrganisation" means that the data is not available (at least in this dataset). I suppose it would not be entirely wrong to assume similar relative distributions as for the existing categories.
As before, there are no shocking revelations if your are familiar with Nobel Laureates or the global scientific community. Still, it's interesting:
The North Americans are most immobile (in terms of continents). They are mostly born in the US, work in the US, and die in the US. (The concept of having several labs in various nice places in the world, or working in different countries for some time is not reflected in the data.) The reasons can be suspected to be at least two-fold: The quality of scientific institutions and career opportunities in the US was excellent for decades and maybe still is unrivaled; and there may be some culture-based inertia.
For the other continents, the pattern is similar, to various degrees: A good portion of the (later to be) Nobel Laureates moves to the US, does their relevant research there, and then some return home, and some stay. (Those are the curves that first go up and then down again.) I suppose that can be generalized well to all scientists (in the natural sciences).
There are some notable exceptions, and I will look into them in more detail in tomorrow's data insight.
If you are interested in an interactive version of the graph with more details, click here: https://lnkd.in/eJ_X-PEx.
The full data & code is available on Kaggle: https://lnkd.in/eXaZ2JD4)