Types of hacking

Hacking is the activity of characterizing weaknesses in a knowledge processing system and a network to take advantage of the security to comprehend access to private knowledge or business data. Computers became obligatory in running a decent business. It is not enough to possess isolated computer systems. These are various cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities, including phishing, viruses, UI redress attacks, cookie theft, DDoS attacks, DNS spoofing, social engineering, missing security patches, malware-injection devices, and password cracking.

They need to be networked to facilitate communication with external businesses. This exposes them to the surface world and hacking. System hacking means the exploitation of computers to commit fallacious acts like fraud, privacy invasion, stealing corporate/personal knowledge, etc. Cyber-crimes cost several organizations several bucks every year. Businesses are compelled to defend themselves against such attacks.

Types of Hacking

Hacking is something from which you've to protect yourself and can solely be done by anticipating how a hacker might think to get into the system.

1. Phishing -
   In this type of hacking, the hacker intends to steal critical information of users like account passwords, MasterCard details, etc. For example, hackers can replicate an original website for user interaction and can steal critical information from the duplicate website the hacker has created.
    
2. Virus -
   These are triggered by the hacker entering the filters of the website once they enter the website filters it. The purpose is to corrupt the information or resources on the net website.
    
3. UI redress -
   In this technique, the hacker creates a pretend interface and once the user clicks with the intent of progressing to a particular website, they are directed to a special website.
    
4. Cookie theft -
   Hackers access the net websites exploiting malicious codes and stealing cookies that contain tips, login passwords, etc. Get access to your account then will do any factor besides your account.
    
5. Distributed Denial-of-service(DDoS) -
   This hacking technique is aimed at taking down a website so that a user cannot access it or deliver their service. Gets the server down and stops it from responding, which may cause a condition error constantly.
    
6. DNS Spoofing -
   This essentially uses the cache knowledge of an internet website or domain that the user might have forgotten to keep up to date. It then directs the data to a distinct malicious website.
    
7. Social Engineering -
   Social engineering is an attempt to manipulate you to share personal info, sometimes by impersonating a trustworthy supply.
    
8. Missing Security Patches -
   Security tools will become outdated as a result of the hacking landscape advancement and need frequent updates to protect against new threats.
    
9. Malware-Injection Devices -
   Cyber-criminals will use hardware to sneak malware onto your pc. You would have detected infected USB sticks which can allow hackers remote access to your device when it is connected to your pc.
    
10. Cracking Password -
    Hackers will get your credentials through a technique known as keylogging.

Techniques to Protect Yourself

1. First, you've to make sure that your personal information and account details are kept private.
2. Install antivirus code for shielding from malicious activity.
3. Do not click on an unauthorized link and make sure to check any data sent to you is from a legitimate source.
4. Always have updated software and do not use default configurations on devices.

What Devices Are Most Vulnerable to Hackers?

Our Devices that are at risk from hackers are smartphones, IoT gadgets, and older computers (since they much not have mush security back then). Smartphones hold tons of personal info and are easy targets for phishing by hackers. IoT devices, like smart home stuff (smart TVs, switches, etc), often don’t have great security, making them prime targets. Older computers might miss out on the latest security patches, so they’re exposed to newer threats of this time. Even smart TVs and connected cars can be vulnerable if not secured properly. Hackers love weak passwords, outdated software, and unsecured networks to break in.

We can protect them by keeping devices updated and using strong, unique passwords. This will help us to keep our devices safe from hackers.

Effects and Impact of Hackers

There are many hazardous effects of hackers on our personal and professional lives.

1. It leads to data breaches, it is the most harmful effect of hacking. Unauthorized access to sensitive information, leads to identity theft and privacy violations. This will also lead to many online frauds.
2. Increased security cost, surpassing company security parameters means a weak security system and needs further improvements.
3. Loss of a company's reputations, exposing the customer's data in an external environment is harmful to a company's reputation.
4. Damage in the system, and deleting the data from the company's database will lead to exceptional rebuilding of the system from scratch.
5. It leads to legal consequences like fines, legal fees, and regulatory penalties resulting from non-compliance and negligence policies.

How to Prevent Hackers

There are many ways through which we can prevent hackers from entering our database or accessing our files or folders.

1. Use a Strong password. We should avoid keeping passwords like 11111111, 00000000, 123456789, qwertyui, dragon, a that etc. Anything which can be easily guessed is not safe as password. We can use capital letters along with small letters and special characters (like @,#, $, & ).
2. Keep our software updated so it has the latest security measures. Old computers are easily hacked due to their weak security measures.
3. Backup data in case of data loss. In case of hackings like SQL injection, we should always have backup data ready in case of data loss.
4. Educate users and inform them about the latest hacking trends so that they can prepare themselves and not be a victims of phishing.
5. By using secure network configurations, such as VPNs, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems, to safeguard network traffic.

Conclusion

These are various hacking, including phishing, viruses, UI redress attacks, cookie theft, DDoS attacks, DNS spoofing, social engineering, missing security patches, malware-injection devices, and password cracking. Devices that are at risk from hackers are smartphones, IoT gadgets, and older computers (since they do not have much security back then). Anything that can be easily guessed is not safe as a password. We have discussed all the aspects of hacking, its effects, and how to prevent them. By reading the article, you will gain an intermediate knowledge of types of hacking and how you can protect yourself from hackers and their tricks.