Consider the following C-function in which a[n] and b[m] are two sorted integer arrays and c[n + m] be another integer array. C void xyz(int a[], int b [], int c[]) { int i, j, k; i = j = k = O; while ((i < n) && (j < m)) if (a[i] < b[j]) c[k++] = a[i++]; else c[k++] = b[j++]; } Which of the following condition(s) hold(s) after the termination of the while loop? (GATE CS 2006) (i) j < m, k = n+j-1, and a[n-1] < b[j] if i = n (ii) i < n, k = m+i-1, and b[m-1] <= a[i] if j = m

either (i) or (ii) but not both

Predict output of following program C int main() { int i; int arr[5] = {1}; for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]); return 0; }

1 followed by four garbage values

Does C perform array out of bound checking? What is the output of the following program? C int main() { int i; int arr[5] = {0}; for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]); return 0; }

The program may print 0 five times followed by garbage value, or may crash if address (arr+5) is invalid.

Compiler Error: Array index out of bound.

The always prints 0 five times followed by garbage value

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C Arrays

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Question 1

Predict the output of below program:

 #include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
	int arr[5];
	
	// Assume that base address of arr is 2000 and size of integer
        // is 32 bit
	arr++;
	printf("%u", arr);
	
	return 0;
}

2002
2004
2020
invalid Operation with array address

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Question 2

Predict the output of below program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int arr[5];
    // Assume base address of arr is 2000 and size of integer is 32 bit
    printf("%u %u", arr + 1, &arr + 1);

    return 0;
}

2004 2020
2004 2004
2004 Garbage value
The program fails to compile because Address-of operator cannot be used with array name

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Question 3

What is the output for a 64-bit Compiler?

# include <stdio.h>

void print(int arr[])
{
   int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
      printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}

int main()
{
   int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
   print(arr);
   return 0;
}

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Compiler Error
1 2
Run Time Error

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Question 4

Output of following program?

#include<stdio.h> 
  
int main() 
{ 
  int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}; 
  int *ptr = (int*)(&a+1); 
  printf("%d ", *(ptr-1) ); 
  return 0; 
}

1
2
6
Runtime Error

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Question 5

Consider the following C-function in which a[n] and b[m] are two sorted integer arrays and c[n + m] be another integer array.

void xyz(int a[], int b [], int c[])
{
  int i, j, k;
  i = j = k = O;
  while ((i < n) && (j < m))
     if (a[i] < b[j]) c[k++] = a[i++];
     else c[k++] = b[j++];
}

Which of the following condition(s) hold(s) after the termination of the while loop? (GATE CS 2006) (i) j < m, k = n+j-1, and a[n-1] < b[j] if i = n (ii) i < n, k = m+i-1, and b[m-1] <= a[i] if j = m

only (i)
only (ii)
either (i) or (ii) but not both
neither (i) nor (ii)

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Question 6

Assume the following C variable declaration

 int *A [10], B[10][10];

Of the following expressions I A[2] II A[2][3] III B[1] IV B[2][3] which will not give compile-time errors if used as left hand sides of assignment statements in a C program (GATE CS 2003)?

I, II, and IV only
II, III, and IV only
II and IV only
IV only

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Question 7

Consider the following declaration of a ‘two-dimensional array in C:

 char a[100][100];

Assuming that the main memory is byte-addressable and that the array is stored starting from memory address 0, the address of a[40][50] is (GATE CS 2002)

4040
4050
5040
5050

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Question 8

Predict the output of the below program:

#include <stdio.h>
#define SIZE(arr) sizeof(arr) / sizeof(*arr);
void fun(int* arr, int n)
{
    int i;
    *arr += *(arr + n - 1) += 10;
}

void printArr(int* arr, int n)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}

int main()
{
    int arr[] = {10, 20, 30};
    int size = SIZE(arr);
    fun(arr, size);
    printArr(arr, size);
    return 0;
}

20 30 40
20 20 40
50 20 40
Compile-time error

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Question 9

Predict output of following program

int main()
{
    int i;
    int arr[5] = {1};
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        printf("%d ", arr[i]);
    return 0;
}

1 followed by four garbage values
1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0

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Question 10

Does C perform array out of bound checking? What is the output of the following program?

int main()
{
    int i;
    int arr[5] = {0};
    for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
        printf("%d ", arr[i]);
    return 0;
}

Compiler Error: Array index out of bound.
The always prints 0 five times followed by garbage value
The program always crashes.
The program may print 0 five times followed by garbage value, or may crash if address (arr+5) is invalid.

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