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Create a "Play Again" Option with Python Pygame

Last Updated : 01 Jul, 2024
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Adding a "Play Again" feature to your Snake game using Python's Pygame module involves several steps.

  • Game Variables Reset: restart_game method resets the snake, food, direction, and game over flag.
  • Game Over Display: show_game_over method displays a message and a button to restart the game.
  • Event Binding: We bind the keyboard events to control the snake's direction.

This basic setup should give you a working Snake game with a "Play Again" feature. You can further enhance this by adding more features such as score tracking, levels, and more complex game mechanics. Here's a complete guide on how to do this in Python:

Adding a "Play Again" Feature to a Snake Game using Python Pygame

To add a "Play Again" feature, we need to create a way for the game to restart without exiting and rerunning the script. We'll do this by adding a button that appears when the game is over. Clicking this button will reset the game variables and restart the game loop.

Step 1: Basic Setup

First, let's assume you already have a basic Snake game set up using Tkinter. If not, here's a minimal example of a Snake game setup:

Python 
import pygame
import sys
import random

# Constants
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 600, 400
GRID_SIZE = 20
GRID_WIDTH = WIDTH // GRID_SIZE
GRID_HEIGHT = HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE

# Colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)

class Snake:
    def __init__(self):
        self.positions = [(GRID_WIDTH // 2, GRID_HEIGHT // 2)]
        self.direction = (0, -1)  # start moving up
        self.grow = False

    def move(self):
        head_x, head_y = self.positions[0]
        new_head = (head_x + self.direction[0], head_y + self.direction[1])
        self.positions.insert(0, new_head)
        if not self.grow:
            self.positions.pop()
        else:
            self.grow = False

    def change_direction(self, direction):
        if direction == 'UP' and self.direction != (0, 1):
            self.direction = (0, -1)
        elif direction == 'DOWN' and self.direction != (0, -1):
            self.direction = (0, 1)
        elif direction == 'LEFT' and self.direction != (1, 0):
            self.direction = (-1, 0)
        elif direction == 'RIGHT' and self.direction != (-1, 0):
            self.direction = (1, 0)

    def grow_snake(self):
        self.grow = True

def check_collision(snake):
    head_x, head_y = snake.positions[0]
    # Check if snake hits the wall
    if head_x < 0 or head_x >= GRID_WIDTH or head_y < 0 or head_y >= GRID_HEIGHT:
        return True
    # Check if snake hits itself
    if len(snake.positions) != len(set(snake.positions)):
        return True
    return False

def place_food():
    food = (random.randint(0, GRID_WIDTH - 1), random.randint(0, GRID_HEIGHT - 1))
    return food

def draw_snake(screen, snake):
    for segment in snake.positions:
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE,
                         (segment[0] * GRID_SIZE,
                          segment[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE))

def draw_food(screen, food):
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (food[0] * GRID_SIZE, 
                                   food[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE))

def game_over(screen):
    font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
    text = font.render('Game Over!', True, WHITE)
    text_rect = text.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2))
    screen.blit(text, text_rect)
    pygame.display.flip()

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN or event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()

def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
    pygame.display.set_caption('Snake Game')
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    snake = Snake()
    food = place_food()

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    snake.change_direction('UP')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    snake.change_direction('DOWN')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    snake.change_direction('LEFT')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    snake.change_direction('RIGHT')

        snake.move()

        if snake.positions[0] == food:
            snake.grow_snake()
            food = place_food()

        if check_collision(snake):
            game_over(screen)

        screen.fill(BLACK)
        draw_snake(screen, snake)
        draw_food(screen, food)
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(10)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Step 2: Restart Game Logic

We add a restart_game method to reset the game variables. This method is called at the beginning of the game and when the "Play Again" button is pressed.

  • When a collision is detected (check_collision()), the game over message is displayed on the canvas.
  • Clicking the "Play Again" button (command=self.restart_game) resets the game state by clearing the canvas, reinitializing snake and food positions, and setting self.game_over to False.

Step 3: Game Over Handling

When the game is over, we call the show_game_over method, which displays a "Game Over" message and a "Play Again" button.

Step 4: Updating the Play Loop

In the play_game method, we check if the game is over. If it is, we stop the game loop and display the game over screen. If not, the game continues.

Revised Code

Python 
import pygame
import sys
import random

# Constants
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 600, 400
GRID_SIZE = 20
GRID_WIDTH = WIDTH // GRID_SIZE
GRID_HEIGHT = HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE

# Colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)

class Snake:
    def __init__(self):
        self.positions = [(GRID_WIDTH // 2, GRID_HEIGHT // 2)]
        self.direction = (0, -1)  # start moving up
        self.grow = False

    def move(self):
        head_x, head_y = self.positions[0]
        new_head = (head_x + self.direction[0], head_y + self.direction[1])
        self.positions.insert(0, new_head)
        if not self.grow:
            self.positions.pop()
        else:
            self.grow = False

    def change_direction(self, direction):
        if direction == 'UP' and self.direction != (0, 1):
            self.direction = (0, -1)
        elif direction == 'DOWN' and self.direction != (0, -1):
            self.direction = (0, 1)
        elif direction == 'LEFT' and self.direction != (1, 0):
            self.direction = (-1, 0)
        elif direction == 'RIGHT' and self.direction != (-1, 0):
            self.direction = (1, 0)

    def grow_snake(self):
        self.grow = True

def check_collision(snake):
    head_x, head_y = snake.positions[0]
    # Check if snake hits the wall
    if head_x < 0 or head_x >= GRID_WIDTH or head_y < 0 or head_y >= GRID_HEIGHT:
        return True
    # Check if snake hits itself
    if len(snake.positions) != len(set(snake.positions)):
        return True
    return False

def place_food():
    food = (random.randint(0, GRID_WIDTH - 1), random.randint(0, GRID_HEIGHT - 1))
    return food

def draw_snake(screen, snake):
    for segment in snake.positions:
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, (segment[0] * GRID_SIZE, segment[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE))

def draw_food(screen, food):
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (food[0] * GRID_SIZE, food[1] * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE))

def draw_play_again_button(screen):
    button_rect = pygame.Rect(WIDTH // 2 - 50, HEIGHT // 2 + 50, 100, 40)
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, button_rect)
    font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)
    text = font.render('Play Again', True, BLACK)
    text_rect = text.get_rect(center=button_rect.center)
    screen.blit(text, text_rect)
    return button_rect

def game_over(screen, clock):
    font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
    text = font.render('Game Over! Press Enter to play again', True, WHITE)
    text_rect = text.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 - 50))
    screen.blit(text, text_rect)

    play_again_button_rect = draw_play_again_button(screen)
    pygame.display.flip()

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
                    main()
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if event.button == 1:  # left mouse button
                    if play_again_button_rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
                        main()

def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
    pygame.display.set_caption('Snake Game')
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    snake = Snake()
    food = place_food()

    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    snake.change_direction('UP')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    snake.change_direction('DOWN')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    snake.change_direction('LEFT')
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    snake.change_direction('RIGHT')

        snake.move()

        if snake.positions[0] == food:
            snake.grow_snake()
            food = place_food()

        if check_collision(snake):
            game_over(screen, clock)

        screen.fill(BLACK)
        draw_snake(screen, snake)
        draw_food(screen, food)
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(10)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Output


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