Python | Nested Records Modulo

Last Updated : 27 Apr, 2023

Sometimes, while working with records, we can have a problem in which we require to perform index wise remainder of tuple elements. This can get complicated with tuple elements to be tuple and inner elements again be tuple. Let’s discuss certain ways in which this problem can be solved.

Method #1 : Using zip() + nested generator expression The combination of above functions can be used to perform the task. In this, we combine the elements across tuples using zip(). The iterations and modulo logic is provided by generator expression.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Nested Records Modulo
# using zip() + nested generator expression

# initialize tuples
test_tup1 = ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
test_tup2 = ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))

# printing original tuples
print("The original tuple 1 : " + str(test_tup1))
print("The original tuple 2 : " + str(test_tup2))

# Nested Records Modulo
# using zip() + nested generator expression
res = tuple(tuple(a % b for a, b in zip(tup1, tup2))\
    for tup1, tup2 in zip(test_tup1, test_tup2))

# printing result
print("The resultant tuple after modulo : " + str(res))

Output

The original tuple 1 : ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
The original tuple 2 : ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))
The resultant tuple after modulo : ((1, 3), (1, 5), (0, 0), (1, 1))

Time Complexity: O(n*n), where n is the number of elements in the list “test_tup”.
Auxiliary Space: O(n*n), where n is the number of elements in the list “test_tup”.

Method #2 : Using isinstance() + zip() + loop + list comprehension The combination of above functions can be used to perform this particular task. In this, we check for the nesting type and perform recursion. This method can give flexibility of more than 1 level nesting.

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Nested Records Modulo
# using isinstance() + zip() + loop + list comprehension

# function to perform task 
def tup_mod(tup1, tup2):
    if isinstance(tup1, (list, tuple)) and isinstance(tup2, (list, tuple)):
        return tuple(tup_mod(x, y) for x, y in zip(tup1, tup2))
    return tup1 % tup2

# initialize tuples
test_tup1 = ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
test_tup2 = ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))

# printing original tuples
print("The original tuple 1 : " + str(test_tup1))
print("The original tuple 2 : " + str(test_tup2))

# Nested Records Modulo
# using isinstance() + zip() + loop + list comprehension
res = tuple(tup_mod(x, y) for x, y in zip(test_tup1, test_tup2))

# printing result
print("The resultant tuple after modulo : " + str(res))

Output

The original tuple 1 : ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
The original tuple 2 : ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))
The resultant tuple after modulo : ((1, 3), (1, 5), (0, 0), (1, 1))

Time Complexity: O(n*n), where n is the length of the list test_tup
Auxiliary Space: O(n) additional space of size n is created where n is the number of elements in the res list

Method #3 : Using numpy

Note: Install numpy module using command "pip install numpy"

Python3

import numpy as np

# Initialize the nested tuples
test_tup1 = ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
test_tup2 = ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))

# Convert the nested tuples to numpy arrays
arr1 = np.array(test_tup1)
arr2 = np.array(test_tup2)

# Perform modulo operation
result = np.mod(arr1, arr2)

# Convert the result back to nested tuples
result = result.tolist()
result = [tuple(i) for i in result]
result = tuple(result)

print("The resultant tuple after modulo:", result)
#This code is contributed by Edula Vinay Kumar Reddy

Output:

The resultant tuple after modulo: ((1, 3), (1, 5), (0, 0), (1, 1))

Explanation:

We start by importing Numpy library.
Then we initialize two nested tuples test_tup1 and test_tup2.
Next, we convert these nested tuples to Numpy arrays using np.array method.
Then we perform modulo operation on the arrays using np.mod method.
Finally, we convert the result back to nested tuples using the tolist method and list comprehension.

Method #4 : Using for loop + tuple() method

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Nested Records Modulo

# initialize tuples
test_tup1 = ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
test_tup2 = ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))

# printing original tuples
print("The original tuple 1 : " + str(test_tup1))
print("The original tuple 2 : " + str(test_tup2))

# Nested Records Modulo
res=[]
for i in range(0,len(test_tup1)):
    x=[]
    a=test_tup1[i][0]%test_tup2[i][0]
    b=test_tup1[i][1]%test_tup2[i][1]
    x.append(a)
    x.append(b)
    res.append(tuple(x))
# printing result
print("The resultant tuple after modulo : " + str(res))

Output

The original tuple 1 : ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
The original tuple 2 : ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))
The resultant tuple after modulo : [(1, 3), (1, 5), (0, 0), (1, 1)]

Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)

Method #5 : Using map() and lambda functions:

Python3

# Python3 code to demonstrate working of
# Nested Records Modulo
# using map() + lambda
# initialize tuples
test_tup1 = ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
test_tup2 = ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))
# printing original tuples
print("The original tuple 1 : " + str(test_tup1))
print("The original tuple 2 : " + str(test_tup2))
# Nested Records Modulo
# using map() + lambda
res = tuple(map(lambda x, y: tuple(map(lambda a, b: a % b, x, y)), test_tup1, test_tup2))
# printing result
print("The resultant tuple after modulo : " + str(res))
#This code is contributed by Jyothi pinjala

Output

The original tuple 1 : ((1, 3), (4, 5), (2, 9), (1, 10))
The original tuple 2 : ((6, 7), (3, 9), (1, 1), (7, 3))
The resultant tuple after modulo : ((1, 3), (1, 5), (0, 0), (1, 1))

Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)