java.math class and its methods | Set 3

java.math class and its methods | Set 1 
java.math class and its methods | Set 2 

• ceil() : java.math.ceil(double a) method returns the smallest possible value which is either greater or equal to the argument passed. The returned value is a mathematical integer.Special Case : 
  
  • Result is same, if the returned value is already a mathematical integer.
  • Result is same, if the passed argument is NaN or infinite or zero.
  • Result is negative zero, if the passed argument is less than zero but greater than -1.0

Syntax:

public static double ceil(double arg)
Parameters:
arg - the argument value
Returns:
smallest possible value(mathematical integer)
which is either greater or equal to the argument passed

• atan() : java.math.atan() method returns the arc tangent of the method argument value. The returned angle is in the range -pi/2 through pi/2. 
  arc tan is inverse tan of the argument passed. 
  atan(arg) = tan inverse of arg 
  Special Case : 
  
  • Result is NaN, if the passed argument is NaN or its absolute value is > 1.
  • Result is zero, if argument is zero.

Syntax:

public static double atan(double a)
Parameters:
a - the argument whose arc tangent value we need.
    argument is taken as radian
Returns:
arc tan value of the argument.

• copySign() : java.math.copySign() method returns first floating-point argument but having the sign of second argument. 
  Syntax:

public static double copySign(double m, double s)
                    or
public static float copySign(float m, float s)
Parameters:
m - magnitude 
s - sign 
Returns:
returns second argument with sign of first floating-point argument.

Java code explaining atan(), ceil(), copySign() method in Math class. 

// Java program explaining Math class methods
// atan(), ceil(), copySign()
import java.math.*;
public class NewClass
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        // Use of atan() method
        double Atani = Math.atan(0);
        System.out.println("atan value of Atani : "+Atani);
        double x = Math.PI/2;

        // Use of toRadian() method
        x = Math.toRadians(x);
        double Atanj = Math.atan(x);
        System.out.println("atan value of Atanj : "+Atanj);
        System.out.println("");


        // Use of ceil() method
        double val = 15.34 ,ceilval;
        ceilval = Math.ceil(val);
        System.out.println("ceil value of val : "+ceilval);
        System.out.println("");

        double dblMag = val;
        double dblSign1 = 3;
        double dblSign2 = -3;


        // Use of copySign() method
        double result1 = Math.copySign(dblMag,dblSign1);
        System.out.println("copySign1 : "+result1);

        double result2 = Math.copySign(dblMag,dblSign2);
        System.out.println("copySign2 : "+result2);
        
    }
}

Output: 

atan value of Atani : 0.0
atan value of Atanj : 0.0274087022410345

ceil value of val : 16.0

copySign1 : 15.34
copySign2 : -15.34

• cosh() : java.math.cosh() method returns the hyperbolic cosine of the argument passed. 
  Special cases : 
  
  • Result is NaN, if argument is NaN.
  • Result is 1.0, if the argument is zero.
  • Result is +ve infinity if the argument is infinite.

Syntax:

public static double cosh(double arg)
Parameters:
arg - The number whose hyperbolic cosine is to be returned.
Returns:
the hyperbolic cosine of the argument arg.

• decrementExact() : java.math.decrementExact() method decrements the value of passed argument by one. 
  Syntax:

public static int decrementExact(int arg)
                or
public static long decrementExact(long arg)
Parameters:
arg - argument passed. 
Returns:
return argument decremented by one.
Throws:
Exception if the result overflows long or int datatype, according to the
argumented data type.

• exp() : java.math.exp(double arg) method returns the Euler’s number raised to the power of double argument. 
  Important cases: 
  
  • Result is NaN, if argument is NaN.
  • Result is +ve infinity, if the argument is +ve infinity.
  • Result is +ve zero, if argument is -ve infinity.

Syntax:

public static double exp(double arg)
Parameters:
arg - argument passed. 
Returns:
Euler’s number raised to the power of passed argument

Java code explaining exp(), decrementExact(), cosh() method in Math class.

// Java program explaining Math class methods
// exp(), decrementExact(), cosh()
import java.math.*;
public class NewClass
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        // Use of cosh() method
        double value = 2;
        double coshValue = Math.cosh(value);
        System.out.println("Hyperbolic Cosine of "  + coshValue);
        System.out.println("");

        // Use of decrementExact() method
        int result = Math.decrementExact(3051);
        System.out.println("Use of decrementExact() : " + result);
        System.out.println("");


        // Use of exp() method
        // declare the exponent to be used
        double exponent = 34;
        // raise e to exponent declared
        double expVal = Math.exp(exponent);
        System.out.println("Value of exp : "+ expVal);

    }
}

Output: 

Using addExact() : 9

acos value of Asini : NaN
acos value of Asinj : 0.054858647341251204

cube root : 6.0 

• incrementExact() : java.math.incrementExact() method returns the argument by incrementing it's value.

Syntax:
public static int incrementExact(int arg)
               or
public static long incrementExact(long arg)
Parameters:
arg - the argument
Returns:
incremented value of the argument

• log10() : java.math.log10() method returns the base10 logarithmic value of the passed argument.

Syntax:
public static double log(double arg)
Parameters:
arg - argument passed. 
Returns:
base10 logarithmic value of the argument passed.

• pow() : java.math.pow(double b, double e) method returns the value as b^e

Syntax:
public static double pow(double b,double e)
Parameters:
b : base
e : exponent 
Returns:
value as baseexponent

JAVA code explaining incrementExact(), log10(), pow() method in Math class. 

// Java program explaining MATH class methods
// incrementExact(), log10(), pow()
import java.lang.*;
public class NewClass
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Use of incrementExact() method
        int f1 = 30, f2 = -56;
        f1 =Math.incrementExact(f1);
        System.out.println("Incremented value of f1 : "+f1);

        f2 =Math.incrementExact(f2);
        System.out.println("Incremented value of f2 : "+f2);
        System.out.println("");
       

        // Use of log10() method
        double value = 10;
        double logValue = Math.log10(value);
        System.out.println("Log10 value of 10 : "+logValue);
        System.out.println("");

        // Use of pow() method
        double b = 10, e = 2;
        double power = Math.pow(b,e);
        System.out.println("Use of pow() : "+power);

    }
}

Output: 

Incremented value of f1 : 31
Incremented value of f2 : -55

Log10 value of 10 : 1.0

Use of pow() : 100.0

Note: There is no need to create a new object in order to call these methods as the above discussed Math class methods are static.