How to Handle SQLException in JDBC?

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class SQLExceptionExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;

        try {
            // Load the JDBC driver
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

            // establish a connection to the database
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database", "username", "password");

            // Your SQL query with an intentional error (table name is misspelled)
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM non_existent_table";

            // create a PreparedStatement
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

            // execute the query (this will throw an SQLException in case of an error)
            preparedStatement.executeQuery();
        } catch (SQLException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // handle the SQL exception
            handleSQLException(e);
        } finally {
            // close the resources in the finally block
            try {
                if (preparedStatement != null) {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                }
                if (connection != null) {
                    connection.close();
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                handleSQLException(e);
            }
        }
    }

    private static void handleSQLException(SQLException e) {
        // handle the SQL exception
        int errorCode = e.getErrorCode();
        String sqlState = e.getSQLState();
        String errorMessage = e.getMessage();

        System.out.println("SQL Error Code: " + errorCode);
        System.out.println("SQL State: " + sqlState);
        System.out.println("Error Message: " + errorMessage);

        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class SQLException_Example {
    // Define JDBC Driver
    static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";

    // Database URL, username, and password
    static final String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/STOREDB";
    static final String dbuser = "root";
    static final String dbpass = "root";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stmt = null;

        try {
            // Connecting to the server and database
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, dbuser, dbpass);
            
            // Initialize Statement
            stmt = con.createStatement();
            
            // SQL Query
            String query = "SELECT * FROM ITEM";

            // Execute Query And Get ResultSet
            ResultSet rset = stmt.executeQuery(query);
            while (rset.next()) {
                System.out.print("ID: " + rset.getInt(1));
                System.out.print(" Product: " + rset.getString(2));
                System.out.println(" Price: " + rset.getString(3));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // Catch SQLException, print error and stack trace
            System.err.println("Cannot connect! ");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // Finally block to ensure closing connection
            System.out.println("Closing the connection.");
            if (con != null) try { con.close(); } catch (SQLException ignore) {}
        }
    }
}