Difference Between JPEG and MPEG

Pre-requisites: JPEG, MPFG

JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. .jpg and .jpeg extensions are used to store images in this format. It uses a lossy compression algorithm, which means some of the image data is lost. 

Advantages of JPEG:

• Small file size: JPEG images can be compressed to small file sizes, making them ideal for sharing over the internet or storing on limited storage devices.
• Widely supported: JPEG is a widely supported image format, and most devices and software can read and display JPEG images.
• High-quality output: JPEG compression allows for high-quality output images, even after compression.
• Adjustable compression level: JPEG compression level can be adjusted to balance file size and image quality.

Disadvantages of JPEG:

• Lossy compression: JPEG compression is lossy, which means that some data is lost during the compression process, resulting in a lower quality image.
• Limited editing: Editing a JPEG image repeatedly can result in further loss of quality due to the lossy compression.
• Not ideal for text or graphics: JPEG compression is not well-suited for compressing text, graphics, or images with sharp edges, as these can become blurry or pixelated after compression.

MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group is a standard used for compressing digital video files. It is also a lossy compression method, but it is optimized for compressing moving images rather than still images. 

Advantages of MPEG:

• Small file size: MPEG compression can reduce the size of a video file significantly, making it easier to store and share.
• High-quality output: MPEG compression can produce high-quality video output, even after compression.
• Adjustable compression level: MPEG compression level can be adjusted to balance file size and video quality.
• Supports various resolutions: MPEG supports various resolutions, from standard definition to high definition, allowing for flexibility in video production.

Disadvantages of MPEG:

• Lossy compression: MPEG compression is lossy, which means that some data is lost during the compression process, resulting in a lower quality video.
• Limited editing: Editing an MPEG video repeatedly can result in further loss of quality due to the lossy compression.
• Complex compression: MPEG compression is a complex process that requires significant computing power, making it challenging for some devices to handle.
• Limited support: Some devices may not support certain MPEG formats, which can cause playback issues.

Similarities between JPEG and MPEG :

• Lossy Compression: Both JPEG and MPEG use lossy compression techniques, which means that they discard some information to reduce file size. This results in a reduction in image and video quality compared to the original content.
• Popular Formats: Both JPEG and MPEG are popular formats used for digital content. JPEG is commonly used for still images, while MPEG is used for video and audio.
• Adjustable Compression: Both formats offer adjustable compression levels, allowing users to choose between smaller file sizes or higher image and video quality.
• Widely Supported: Both formats are widely supported by devices and software, making them accessible and easy to use for a variety of purposes.
• Standards-based: Both formats are based on industry standards, which ensures interoperability and compatibility with different devices and software applications.

Difference between JPEG and MPEG