CSS Grid Layout: The Fr Unit
Last Updated :
23 Sep, 2024
The CSS Grid Layout module is used to create a grid-based layout system. Which uses rows and columns, it simplifies the design of webpages without relying on floats and positioning of the elements.
Syntax:
.class {
display:grid;
}Note: An HTML element becomes a grid if that element sets display:grid
- grid-template-columns: This specifies the size of the columns
- grid-template-rows: Specifies the size of the rows.
- grid-gap: sets the gaps between rows and columns.
Some grid-template-columns keyword values:
- grid-template-columns: repeat( [ <positive-integer> | auto-fill | auto-fit ], <track-list> );
- grid-template-rows: repeat( [ <positive-integer> | auto-fill | auto-fit ], <track-list> );
Represents a repeated fragment of the tracklist, allowing a large number of columns that exhibit a recurring pattern to be written in a more compact form. It allows you to define a pattern repeated X times.
- grid-template-columns: auto;
- grid-template-rows: auto;
Indicates auto-placement, an automatic span, or a default span of one Column is fitted to the content in the column. The row is fitted to the content in the row.
- grid-template-columns: minmax(min, max);
- grid-template-rows: minmax(min, max);
The Fr Unit
The fr unit is a fractional unit, an input that automatically calculates layout divisions when adjusting for gaps inside the grid.
Key Points:
- The fr unit allows you to define grid tracks as fractions of the available space.
- If a grid container has 4 columns with 1fr each, they will each take up an equal amount of space, i.e., each column will be 25% of the available space.
- Using different fractional values allows for varied column sizes within the same grid.
Examples of CSS Grid Layout: The Fr Unit
Example 1: Using the fr Unit in CSS Grid
This example demonstrates the use of the fr unit in CSS Grid, where each grid column takes up an equal fraction of the available space.
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-rows: 100px;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
output 1We have 4 columns each taking up the same amount of space. Each has a width of 1fr. Each column is equal. 1fr=25% of the available space.
Example 2: Using the fr Unit with Different Fractional Values
In this example, we define a grid with columns that use different fractional units, allowing certain columns to take up more space. The first two columns each take up 1fr (one fraction of the available space), while the next two columns take up 2fr each, which gives them twice as much space as the first two columns.
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 2fr 2fr;
grid-template-rows: 100px 150px 200px 200px;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 5</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 6</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 7</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 8</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 9</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 10</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 11</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 12</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 13</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 14</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 15</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 16</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
output 2We have 4 columns, the first two columns take up the same amount of space i.e. 1fr, and the last two columns take up the same amount of space i.e. 2fr.
Example 3: Using the fr Unit with repeat() and auto Notation
In this example, the repeat() function is used to create multiple columns of equal size, while auto ensures that the row height adjusts automatically based on the content. This combination is useful when you want a dynamic and responsive grid layout.
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr) repeat(2, 2fr);
grid-template-rows: auto;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
/* Designing h1 element */
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 5</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 6</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 7</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 8</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 9</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 10</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 11</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 12</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 13</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 14</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 15</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 16</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output: repeat(number of columns/rows, the column width we want);
output 3Supported Browsers
The fr unit is supported by all major modern browsers:
- Google Chrome
- Firefox
- Safari
- Opera
- Microsoft Edge
Note: Older versions of Internet Explorer (IE11 and earlier) do not support CSS Grid or the fr unit. For full compatibility across older browsers, consider using fallbacks or polyfills.
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