Create and Save a Script in R

Scripting is a powerful way to save, organize, and reuse your code when working with R. Instead of typing commands interactively in the R console, you can write a series of commands in a script file (.R file) and execute them all at once. Saving your work as an .R script ensures reproducibility and better collaboration, and allows you to revisit and modify your code easily.

In this article, we will guide you through the process of creating, saving, and using .R script files effectively.

What is an .R Script?

An .R script is a plain text file that contains R commands. These files typically have the extension .R. By saving your code in script files, you can:

• Execute multiple commands at once.
• Debug and edit your code conveniently.
• Share your code with others for collaboration or educational purposes.

Creating and Saving an .R Script File

Follow these steps to create and save an .R script file:

1. Open RStudio or Your Preferred R IDE

Most R users prefer RStudio for scripting due to its robust features. However, you can use any text editor (such as Notepad, VS Code, or Sublime Text) to write .R scripts.

2. Create a New Script File

In RStudio:

• Go to the top menu and click on File > New File > R Script.
• A blank script window will open where you can write your R code.

If you're using a text editor:

• Open the editor and start typing your R code.

3. Write Your R Code

Type the commands you want to save. For example:

x <- 5
y <- 10
sum <- x + y
print(sum)

4. Save the Script

Once you’ve written your code, save it with the .R extension.

In RStudio:

• Click on File > Save As.
• Choose a location on your computer.
• Provide a descriptive name for your file, e.g., my_first_script.R.
• Ensure the file extension is .R.

In a text editor:

• Save the file with the .R extension (e.g., analysis_script.R).

Executing Your .R Script

After saving your script, you can execute it in R or RStudio. Here’s how:

1. Running the Script in RStudio

• Open the saved .R file in RStudio.
• Click on the Run button in the top-right corner of the script editor to execute individual lines or the entire script.

Alternatively:

• Highlight the code you want to run and press Ctrl + Enter (Windows) or Cmd + Enter (Mac).

2. Running the Script in the R Console

• Use the source() function to execute the script. For example:

source("path/to/your_script.R")

Replace path/to/your_script.R with the actual file path to your .R script.

3. Running the Script via Terminal or Command Line

If you prefer to execute your script outside of RStudio:

• Open a terminal or command prompt.
• Use the Rscript command to run the script. For example:

Rscript your_script.R

Saving and working with .R script files is an essential skill for anyone using R. It allows you to streamline your workflow, maintain a record of your code, and share your work with others.