diag() function in R Language is used to construct a diagonal matrix.
Syntax: diag(x, nrow, ncol)
Parameters:
x: value present as the diagonal elements.
nrow, ncol: number of rows and columns in which elements are represented.
Example 1:
# R program to illustrate
# diag function
# Calling the diag() function with
# some number which will act as
# rows as well as columns number
diag(3)
diag(5)
Output:
[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]
[1, ] 1 0 0
[2, ] 0 1 0
[3, ] 0 0 1
[, 1] [, 2] [, 3] [, 4] [, 5]
[1, ] 1 0 0 0 0
[2, ] 0 1 0 0 0
[3, ] 0 0 1 0 0
[4, ] 0 0 0 1 0
[5, ] 0 0 0 0 1
Example 2:
# R program to illustrate
# diag function
# Calling the diag() function
diag(5, 2, 3)
diag(10, 3, 3)
Output:
[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]
[1, ] 5 0 0
[2, ] 0 5 0
[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]
[1, ] 10 0 0
[2, ] 0 10 0
[3, ] 0 0 10