Check if a Number is a Whole Number in Python
Last Updated :
01 Jul, 2025
Checking if a Number is a Whole Number in Python means determining whether the number has no fractional part, using custom logic instead of relying on assumptions about its type.
For example, a number like 7.0 is considered whole, while 7.5 is not. Let’s explore various methods to do it accurately.
Using modulus operator(%)
This method checks whether there’s any remainder when a number is divided by 1. If there’s no remainder, the number is considered a whole number. It is one of the most efficient approaches for identifying whole numbers in both integer and float formats.
Python
a = 7.0
if a % 1 == 0:
print("Whole number")
else:
print("Not a whole number")
Explanation: If a number has a decimal part, dividing it by 1 will leave a remainder. So, if a % 1 == 0, the number has no decimal part and is a whole number otherwise, it’s not.
Comparing with int()
This approach compares the number with its integer version using the int() function. If both values are equal, the number has no fractional part and is treated as a whole number.
Python
a = 2.5
if a == int(a):
print("Whole number")
else:
print("Not a whole number")
Explanation: int() function removes the decimal part, so if a == int(a) is true, the number has no fractional part and is a whole number otherwise, it's not.
Using .is_integer()
Python’s float type provides the .is_integer() method, which directly returns True if the float value has no decimal component. This method is specifically designed for float values and offers a clean, Pythonic way to determine if a number is whole.
Python
a = 7.9
if isinstance(a, float) and a.is_integer():
print("Whole number")
elif isinstance(a, int):
print("Whole number")
else:
print("Not a whole number")
Explanation: .is_integer() method returns True if a float has no decimal part. The code checks if the value is a float and whole or an integer. If not, it's not a whole number.
Using math.floor() or math.ceil()
By comparing the floor and ceiling values of a number, we can check if it is a whole number. If both the floor and ceil are equal, it means the number has no decimal part.
Python
import math
a = 7.0
if math.floor(a) == math.ceil(a):
print("Whole number")
else:
print("Not a whole number")
Explanation: If math.floor(a) equals math.ceil(a), the number has no decimal part and is whole otherwise, it's not.
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