C# | BitConverter.ToSingle() Method

Last Updated : 05 Dec, 2019

This method is used to returns a single-precision floating-point number converted from four bytes at a specified position in a byte array. Syntax:

public static float ToSingle (byte[] value, int startIndex);

Parameters:

value: It is an array of bytes. startIndex: It is the starting position within value.

Return Value: This method returns a single-precision floating point number formed by four bytes beginning at startIndex. Exceptions:

ArgumentException: If the startIndex is greater than or equal to the length of value minus 3, and is less than or equal to the length of value minus 1.
ArgumentNullException: If the value is null.
ArgumentOutOfRangeException: If the startIndex is less than zero or greater than the length of value minus 1.

Below programs illustrate the use of BitConverter.ToSingle(Byte[], Int32) Method: Example 1:

CSHARP

// C# program to demonstrate
// BitConverter.ToSingle(Byte[], Int32)
// Method
using System;

class GFG {

// Main Method
public static void Main()
{

    try {

        // Define an array of byte values.
        byte[] bytes = {0, 128, 63, 0, 0,
                        112, 65, 0, 255, 
                        127, 71, 0, 0, 
                        128, 59, 0, 0,
                        128, 47, 73, 70, 
                        131, 5, 75, 6, 
                             158, 63};

        // Display the values of the myArr.
        Console.Write("Initial Array: ");

        // calling the PrintIndexAndValues()
        // method to print
        PrintIndexAndValues(bytes);

        // print char value
        Console.WriteLine("index     Array elements     float values");
        Console.WriteLine();

        // getting float value and Display it
        for (int index = 0; index < bytes.Length - 3; 
                                 index = index + 4) {
                                     
            float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index);
            Console.WriteLine(" {0}     {1}         {2}", 
                   index, BitConverter.ToString(bytes,
                                    index, 4), values);
        }
    }
    catch (ArgumentNullException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
    catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
    catch (ArgumentException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
}

// Defining the method
// PrintIndexAndValues
public static void PrintIndexAndValues(byte[] myArr)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < myArr.Length; i++) {

        Console.Write("{0} ", myArr[i]);
    }

    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
}
}

Output:

Initial Array: 0 128 63 0 0 112 65 0 255 127 71 0 0 128 59 0 0 128 47 73 70 131 5 75 6 158 63 

index     Array elements       float values

  0        00-80-3F-00         5.831554E-39
  4        00-70-41-00         6.009485E-39
  8        FF-7F-47-00         6.566237E-39
  12        00-80-3B-00         5.464212E-39
  16        00-80-2F-49         718848
  20        46-83-05-4B         8749894

Example 2: For ArgumentException

CSHARP

// C# program to demonstrate
// BitConverter.ToSingle(Byte[], Int32)
// Method
using System;

class GFG {
 
// Main Method
public static void Main()
{

    try {

        // Define an array of byte values.
        byte[] bytes ={0, 128, 63, 0, 0,
                        112, 65, 0, 255, 
                        127, 71, 0, 0, 
                        128, 59, 0, 0,
                        128, 47, 73, 70, 
                        131, 5, 75, 6, 
                             158, 63};
 

        // Display the values of the myArr.
        Console.Write("Initial Array: ");

        // calling the PrintIndexAndValues()
        // method to print
        PrintIndexAndValues(bytes);

        // print char value
        Console.WriteLine("index     Array elements"+
                              "       float values");
        Console.WriteLine();

        // getting float value and Display it
        for (int index = 0; index < bytes.Length - 2; 
                                index = index + 4) {

            if (index == bytes.Length - 3) {
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine("startIndex is equal to"+
                           " the length of bytes minus 3");
                           
                float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index);
                Console.WriteLine("  {0}        {1}         {2}", 
                              index, BitConverter.ToString(bytes,
                                              index, 4), values);
            }
            else {
                float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index);
                Console.WriteLine("  {0}        {1}         {2}",
                              index, BitConverter.ToString(bytes,
                                              index, 4), values);
            }
        }
    }
    catch (ArgumentNullException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
    catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
    catch (ArgumentException e) {

        Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
        Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
    }
}

// Defining the method
// PrintIndexAndValues
public static void PrintIndexAndValues(byte[] myArr)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < myArr.Length; i++) {

        Console.Write("{0} ", myArr[i]);
    }

    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
}
}

Output:

Initial Array: 0 128 63 0 0 112 65 0 255 127 71 0 0 128 59 0 0 128 47 73 70 131 5 75 6 158 63 

index     Array elements       float values

  0        00-80-3F-00         5.831554E-39
  4        00-70-41-00         6.009485E-39
  8        FF-7F-47-00         6.566237E-39
  12        00-80-3B-00         5.464212E-39
  16        00-80-2F-49         718848
  20        46-83-05-4B         8749894

startIndex is equal to the length of bytes minus 3
Exception Thrown: System.ArgumentException

Example 3: For ArgumentOutOfRangeException

CSHARP

// C# program to demonstrate
// BitConverter.ToSingle(Byte[], Int32)
// Method
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class GFG {

    // Main Method
    public static void Main()
    {

        try {

            // Define an array of byte values.
            byte[] bytes = {0, 128, 63, 0, 0, 112, 65,
                            0, 255, 127, 71, 0, 0, 128,
                            59, 0, 0, 128, 47, 73, 70, 
                            131, 5, 75, 6, 158, 63, 24};
                            
            // Display the values of the myArr.
            Console.Write("Initial Array: ");

            // calling the PrintIndexAndValues()
            // method to print
            PrintIndexAndValues(bytes);

            // print char value
            Console.WriteLine("index     Array elements     float values");
            Console.WriteLine();

            // getting float value and Display it
            for (int index = 0; index < bytes.Length + 1;
                                     index = index + 4) {

                if (index == bytes.Length) {
                    Console.WriteLine();
                    Console.WriteLine("startIndex is greater than "+
                                    "the length of bytes minus 1.");
                                    
                    float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index);
                    Console.WriteLine(" {0}     {1}         {2}", 
                           index, BitConverter.ToString(bytes,
                                            index, 4), values);
                }
                else {
                    float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index);
                    Console.WriteLine(" {0}     {1}         {2}",
                           index, BitConverter.ToString(bytes,
                                           index, 4), values);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
        catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
        catch (ArgumentException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
    }

    // Defining the method
    // PrintIndexAndValues
    public static void PrintIndexAndValues(byte[] myArr)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < myArr.Length; i++) {

            Console.Write("{0} ", myArr[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

Output:

Initial Array: 0 128 63 0 0 112 65 0 255 127 71 0 
               0 128 59 0 0 128 47 73 70 131 5 75
               6 158 63 24 

index     Array elements       float values

  0        00-80-3F-00         5.831554E-39
  4        00-70-41-00         6.009485E-39
  8        FF-7F-47-00         6.566237E-39
  12        00-80-3B-00         5.464212E-39
  16        00-80-2F-49         718848
  20        46-83-05-4B         8749894
  24        06-9E-3F-18         2.476595E-24

startIndex is greater than the length of bytes minus 1.
Exception Thrown: System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException

Example 4: For ArgumentNullException

CSHARP

// C# program to demonstrate
// BitConverter.ToSingle(Byte[], Int32)
// Method
using System;

class GFG {

    // Main Method
    public static void Main()
    {

        try {

            // Define an array of byte
            // values with null value
            byte[] bytes = null;

            // getting the float value
            float values = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0);

            Console.Write("{0}", values);
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
        catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
        catch (ArgumentException e) {

            Console.Write("Exception Thrown: ");
            Console.Write("{0}", e.GetType(), e.Message);
        }
    }
}

Output:

Exception Thrown: System.ArgumentNullException

Reference:

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.bitconverter.tosingle?view=netframework-4.7.2

C# | BitConverter.ToString(Byte[]) Method

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C# | BitConverter.ToSingle() Method

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