Welcome back to the Bar Exam Toolbox podcast! Today, we're discussing the circumstances under which a principal is vicariously liable for the unlawful actions of their employees and independent contractors. In this episode, we discuss: The general rule for vicarious liability Distinguishing between employee and independent contractor When is an employee considered to act within the scope of employment? When is a principal liable for torts committed by an independent contractor? Resources: “Listen and Learn” series (https://barexamtoolbox.com/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-archive-by-topic/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-explaining-individual-mee-and-california-bar-essay-questions/#listen-learn) California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2014 (https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/admissions/gbx/July2014CBX_SelectedAnswersEssays1-6_R.pdf) California Bar Examination – Essay Questions and Selected Answers, July 2006 (https://nwculaw.edu/pdf/bar/July%202006%20Essays%20and%20Sample%20Answers.pdf) Podcast Episode 66: Tackling an MEE Agency and Torts Essay Question (https://barexamtoolbox.com/podcast-episode-66-tackling-an-mee-agency-and-torts-essay-question/) Download the Transcript (https://barexamtoolbox.com/episode-197-listen-and-learn-vicarious-liability-torts/) If you enjoy the podcast, we'd love a nice review and/or rating on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-pass-bar-exam-less-stress/id1370651486) or your favorite listening app. And feel free to reach out to us directly. You can always reach us via the contact form on the Bar Exam Toolbox website (https://barexamtoolbox.com/contact-us/). Finally, if you don't want to miss anything, you can sign up for podcast updates (https://barexamtoolbox.com/get-bar-exam-toolbox-podcast-updates/)! Thanks for listening! Alison & Lee