The Theory of Evolution is a Result of Erroneous Extrapolation

The Theory of Evolution is a Result of Erroneous Extrapolation

June Meimban

Copyright © 2018 by June Meimban

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods without the prior written permission of the publisher. For permission requests, solicit the publisher via the address below.

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities—His eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that people are without excuse.

—Romans 1:20 (NIV)

Introduction

I will begin with a quote from John Ruskin. He said, The work of science is to substitute facts for appearances, and demonstrations for impressions. What does this have to do with the theory of evolution? The theory of evolution is based on the hypothesis that species randomly mutate and by natural selection, the fittest organisms survive, and their new traits are passed on to the next generations. Then over long periods of time, these small changes are accumulated in their genetic material, and species gradually are transformed to other species. Evolutionists, scientists who adhere to this theory, claim that the theory of evolution means that humans descended from apes, and life appeared on earth by pure random chance. They further say that fossil records, DNA analysis, and even mathematical simulations all support the validity of the theory of evolution.

When you were first taught about the theory of evolution in school, did you even question its validity? You probably believed it and still do, right? Perhaps it’s because you were required by your school to learn it, and you have to take tests on it.

This book will walk you through a step-by-step and easy-to-understand process, where I will substitute facts for appearances and demonstrations for impressions and help you understand why the theory of evolution is wrong.

The view presented here is my own and does not represent any organization.

Chapter 1

Critical Thinking

Consider the following data derived from a 1991 record of flight arrivals. In 1987, the Department of Transportation required all US airlines to report data on whether the arrival is late or on time. For now, let’s look at the comparison between Alaska Airlines and America West.

Given this table, which airline do you think has the worse performance? Most people would conclude and say, The probability of Alaska Airline being late, as indicated by the percent Late column, is higher, so it has the worse performance. Let’s see if you’re right.

Take a look at the more detailed tables below. The data is now broken down by airport.

Now what can you notice? America West has the worse performance than Alaska Airlines on every airport. It’s the reverse of what you derived from the earlier table not broken down by airport. As you can notice, America West flies mostly out of Phoenix which has sunny days (most of the time) while Alaska Airlines flies mostly out of Seattle which experiences more rainy and cloudy days.

The above is a classic example of Simpson’s paradox. There are many real-life examples of this occurrence whenever data are aggregated. The conclusion you might get is the reverse of what could be derived when you look at the data in more detail. Actual data in test scores, school admission rates, sports, etc., have been used as classic examples as well. Simpson’s paradox is named after Edward Simpson who wrote about it in 1951. Although a British statistician, G. Udny Yule, first described it in early 1900s.

Making conclusions—the right conclusions—is not as easy as one might think. It requires critical thinking, attention to detail, understanding of the data, and many other things.

Consider this next example.

Given that x and y are any real numbers, and y is a function of x, i.e., y = f(x). I know the function f(x) but you don’t. I want you to figure it out.

The only clue I will give you is a table of sample values of x and the corresponding values of y below. Now, can you determine the function f(x)?