A simple approach to Freud: A guide to explaining Sigmund Freud's discoveries and the principles of depth psychology in a simple way

Introduction

What are the foundations of psychoanalysis? What were the ideas and discoveries behind this discipline? How did Freud manage to discover the working principles of the human mind?

This book was created with the idea of offering the reader a clear and simple perspective on the discoveries that led to the birth of depth psychology. Within it, it will be possible to discover the principles of psychodynamic theory.

From the birth of depth psychology to the first clinical findings related to the use of hypnosis, and on to the unconscious psychic mechanisms that regulate people's lives. The method of investigation used by Freud to connect the different psychic layers present in the individual will also be illustrated.

The principles governing psychic conflict, the characteristics of neuroses and the guidelines used in depth psychology for their resolution will be highlighted. In the final part, the main findings in the scientific literature regarding the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy in the treatment of psychological disorders will be condensed.

The reader will thus be able to embark on a journey of discovery that will not only enable him to better understand the subject matter, but also to question himself and the basic postulates that govern psychic life. All this in a simple manner and within an accessible context of transmission of concepts.

Finally, to conclude this journey of discovery and learning, two practical resources are presented at the end of the book. The first consists of a summary by key points of all the main notions presented in the text. The second is an invitation to action and verification of understanding through an assessment test.

Freud and the birth of depth psychology

Depth psychology is closely linked to the figure of Sigmund Freud, although it had several precursors in the field of philosophical thought. The concept of depth psychology was officially introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Blueuler, a colleague of Carl Jung. Freud decided to use the term from 1913 onwards to draw a distinction from academic theory, which focused on conscious psychological processes.

Dynamic psychology studies and describes the deep structure of the human psychological system. By this, it means that set of forces present in each person that are in contrast with each other. This contrast also gives rise to the continuous search for a more or less stable balance, which matures through inner resolution.

Dynamic psychology intervenes precisely in these processes, acting when different psychological forces produce maladjustments to reality. The aim is therefore to restore the so-called reality check, giving the individual the chance to regain his or her psychological well-being.

In ancient times, this task was often left to religion or philosophy. Healers were figures linked to religion and invoked a higher power in order to make the healing process possible. According to a Greek myth, Asclepius received from the goddess Athena the gift of changing his blood with that of Medusa the gorgon.

From that point on, the blood flowing from his veins on his left side was poisonous, while that on his right side had the power to heal any illness. This angered Zeus, who decided to strike him with a thunderbolt, because he saw the influx of the dead from beyond the grave diminishing. Thus, it has been said since ancient times that only the wounded healer can heal others.

Mesmer (1974) was responsible for the first forms of ritual healing through the theory of animal magnetism. According to Mesmer, healing took place through an invisible physical fluid called animal magnetism, which made it possible to restore a harmonious relationship between man and the universe. Psychological illness was dictated by the deficiency of this fluid.

Braid studied this approach, deepening it through the use