Educational System in a Globalized World: Best Practices in Teaching Online

Copyright © 2020 by Sofia Laurden Davis, PhD.

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Rev. date: 11/03/2020

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CONTENTS

Acknowledgement

Introduction

Chapter 1 Why Online Learning And Online Teaching?

○ Understanding Traditional and Online Learning And Teaching.

○ The Similarities Between Online And Face-To-Face Learning Environment:

○ The Differences Between Online and Face-To-Face Learning Environment:

○ An Overview of Communication in A Virtual Pedagogy:

○ Identification of at Least Four Communication Methods:

○ Each Communication Method Identified:

○ Examples of Four Kinds Of Communications:

○ Example of an Email Letter from A Student:

○ An Example of A Poor Response to The Student’s Email:

○ An Example of A Constructive Response to The Student’s Email:

○ Understanding Virtual, Brick and Mortar Classrooms:

Chapter 2 Online Policies And Options: Develop Online

○ New Policies for The 21st Century:

○ A Set of Instructor Course Policies:

○ A Set of Student Course Policies:

○ Instructor’s Assessment Policy:

Chapter 3 Exploring The Needs of 2¹St Century Student

○ Student-To-Student Collaboration:

○ Small Group Collaboration:

○ Large Group Sharing and Collaboration:

○ The Roles of Teachers in Monitoring and Encouraging On-Line Collaboration:

○ Designing Discussion Board:

○ General Components in Designing Discussion Board:

○ Structure of Discussion Board for Specific Group:

○ Small Group Discussion Board:

○ Designing Meaningful Discourse for Online Students:

○ What Constitutes Meaningful Discourse?:

○ In What Ways Can Meaningful Discourse Benefit A Learner?:

○ Initiating Meaningful Discourse with Group:

Chapter 4 Online Learning Successful Instructional Practices

○ Developing Outstanding Culture and Incorporating Praise in Online Environment:

○ How Can Praise Be Used to Improve The Quality of On-Line Postings and Interactions?:

○ Performance-Focused Praise and How To Use of Such Praise and Can Be Implemented to Increase Student Motivation?:

○ How Do Online Teachers Increase Student Participation by Using Praise?:

○ Recommending Guidelines for Meaningful Discourse:

In Conclusion

Short Form Guide for Best Practices Teaching and Learning Online in A Globalized World

References

Dr. Sofia Laurden Davis’ Biography

References

Bibliography

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To everyone who is interested and chooses to take classes online

and especially to those who are curious about educational

system in a globalized world, faculty, students, colleges,

and universities, and to all of my mentors at Northcentral

University and my classmates online. Thank you.

INTRODUCTION

When we say 21st Century Students that means these individuals are apt and prepared to use the world’s digital technology. These individuals are ready and have adapted the Five Minds of the Future by Gardner (2010). These 21st century students adapted: The disciplined mind, synthesizing mind, the creating mind, the respectful mind, and the ethical mind. We must call for a change to realign our educational system for 21st century students.

Educational system must adapt the technology changes to fit in with the need of 21st century students. Pearlman (2010) stated that we must design new learning environment to support 21st century skills emerging in technology. If these changes are real, then schools are now enabled to move away from teacher-directed whole-group instruction to create learner centered workplaces for a collaborative culture of students at work. Many new schools designs in the United States and the United Kingdom have done this. A review of best practice illuminates these new 21st century learning environments and school facilities to help school designers and developers and education, civic, and business leaders launch the next generation of innovative schools (p. 118). We must stress creativity, critical thinking, problem solving, communication, and so on that Brook (2012) stated we are to develop a constructive interactive classroom that would drawn students’ interest in participating discussion (pp.1-2).

An online student’s need is to be able to accomplish more responsibilities in a short period of time. Student’s motivation in furthering education in an online environment can be the factors of for example, money savings for gas, car maintenance expense, spend more time with family, safety, and the availability of technology that allows student to multitask in a digital world. Being able to connect to the world through online learning environment is an experience that a learner would not have in a traditional learning environment. Advance technology enable online student to connect to the world learning environment with flexibility and less pressure. However, there are those individuals that are unable to catch up with the information surge and will be placed in the category of a traditional and hybrid learning. Perhaps, complacency of adapting the 21st century skills due to unclear understanding what is 21st Century skills that 21st Century students must be armed with in this era of information surge in a digital world. For this idea, educational system may have to develop its own new policy to realign the needs for students of today.

CHAPTER 1

WHY ONLINE LEARNING AND ONLINE TEACHING?

The rise of virtual global classrooms will be very challenging to anyone. Whether we like it or not it is here and we must adapt and learn on how to communicate through digital technology, and globally. Richard (2010) stated that We are now officially live in a world where even twelve-year olds can create their own global classrooms around the things about which they are most passionate (p.286). He continued, the world’s digital technology possess complexity, pitfalls, and huge challenges to all educators. Therefore, in an online or distance learning, compilation of carefully crafted words is very important communication tool for the instructor and students to effectively relate the message. Instructor and student’s knowledge in technology, self-discipline, and knowing how to communicate effectively is vital (Hege, 2011). Hege, (2011), in terms of issues of courses design, social presence, specially tailored assignments, learner’s expectations, objectives, and a successful facilitation in an online learning environment, special attention to the relationship between technology and pedagogy is vital. Fisher and Frey (2010) stated through intentional instruction the focus is developing students’ thinking skills which the significant part of their work providing students of support to be successful. Both continued, The tools themselves evolve; our task as educators is to foreground communication while keeping abreast of the technologies that support it"(pp.223-230).

Every word counts in the absence of face-to-face interaction that communicating effectively in virtual world of technology is important. In writing a message, everyone of us goes through a process of realigning words in unity, coherence, errors that we can hear, and errors that we can see in order to relate and send an effective message to communicate well. In a virtual class, one of the formative assessments, communication is very much needed to understand what each has to say and to be heard. Berridge, G. G., Penney, S., & Wells, J. A. (2012) study of formative assessments of classroom teaching for online class are resource, communication, faculty-student interaction, assignments, grading and exams, instructional methods and materials, course outcomes, student effort and involvement, course difficulty, workload, and pace.

Although, students’ technology difficulty resulted in mixed results of the study that in the future online class this could interfered learning. Berridge continued As more and more classes and programs are offered online, quality of the delivery of those courses should be addressed. As more instructors accept responsibility for delivering online courses, new instruments and assessments needed to be developed to give instructors accurate feedback about their teaching methods (p.127).

When a student unable to accept correction due to other responsibilities such as work and family, giving constructive criticism on his/her writing will help student rethink that crafting words through writing is an important communication in today’s learning environment. In this era, a faculty must realize that student does multiple responsibilities called multitask. It is not just the way how the words are processed and communicated but other